US1364959A - Element for use in color photography - Google Patents

Description

R. L. STINCHFIELB.

ELEMENT FR USE IN COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. m2o.

l g. Patented Jan. 11, 192i.

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IN VEN TOR.

WITNESS/5s: @LSwwezdf m v BY m Z l Z M0077@ /Lauu ATToR/VEY UNITED ISTATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAY L. STINCHFIELD, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO EAS'IMAN KODAK COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A. CORBORATION 0F NEW YORK.

ELEMENT FOR USE IN COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11, 1921.

Application led February 6, 1920. Serial No. 356,588.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RAY L. STINoHFIE-LD, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elements for Use in Color Photography, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to color photography and more particularly to photo i Further objects will hereinafter ap ear.

.In the application of Marcus C. opkins, Serial No. 95,967, filed May 6, 1916, for method of color photography and photographic elements, and in my application, Serial No. 312,052, filed July 19,1919, for color photography, there are disclosed photographic transparencies or prints made up of two superimposed parts. These parts are derived by suitable printing, developing, fixing, etc., operations from blanks or elements, which, as articles of manufacture, may be sold separately to the photographer. The present invention is an improved modification of the element which contributes the filter areas and image sections to the upper part of the finished transparency or print. By upper part I mean the portion of the final picture which is nearest the observers eye. I have found that a thinner, more flexible and slightly more brilliant picture may be obtained if the supporting means in the element be of a strong opaque material that can be stripped off of the other parts when the latter are assembled inthe final picture. Referring to the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale,of a portion of one of my photographically sensitive elements, showing the coating partly broken away;

2 is a fragmentary cross section, on a stil larger scale, of the element shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on a plane.

at right angles to the-filter lines 3;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of a different element embodying my invention, the coating being shown as partially broken away;

Fig. 4 is a similar view of another embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary cross section of the element shown in Fig. 4, be-

ing taken on a plane at right angles to the filter lines 31 Fig. 6 is a perspective View, on an enlarged scale, of a still different element embodying my inventionhshowing the coating and some of the filter lines as partially` broken away;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fra mentary cross s'ection of the element shown 1n Fig. 6, taken on a plane at right angles to the filter elescale, indicating diagrammatically the. method -of printing on to the element shown in Fig. c;

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic perspective view, on an enlarged scale, indlcatin way'in which my novel upper, element is assembled with the lower element to .form the final picture, the opaque backing being shown in the process of removal.`

Referring now to the drawing. in detail, the element shown in Fig. 1 comprises an opa ue support 1 which may, for example, be t ick black paper or cardboard. It is .preferable that this be black, so that stray light rays will not be refiected back to the sensitive emulsion during printing, but my invention is not limited to a black support.

`Attached to the support 1, by an adhesive 2,

ther

inabove mentioned. For example, they may be red lines while the lines of the lower element may be green or vice versa. In general the lines on the elements are approximately complementary. The light sensitive layer 5 is coated over the areas 3 and 4, being attached thereto if necessary by any suitable or preferred adhesive or substratum. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, the photographic sensitive layer 5 is a silver haloid emulsion in gelatin of the kind employed on lantern slide plates or on so-called gaslight papers. (lne method of forming the filter areas 3 and windows l in suitable juxtaposition. so that they will be carried in proper relation into the final picture, is to proceed in accordance with the general process indicated in lvnited States Patent No. 990.247, Fifield -\pr. 25, 1911. Alternate sheets of colored and colorless transparent pyroxylin may be united into a block and slices cut otlA at right angles to the planes of the sheets. thus yielding a set of filter areas and windows of the kind shown in present Figs. 1 and 2.

In Fig. 3 is disclosed another embodiment of my invention in which the filler lines 13 are embedded in one su'rface of a support 40. consisting of a continuous sheet of pyroxylin, there being windows or areas 11 interspersed between the lilies 13. This screen element as a whole is attached to an opaque support 1 by an adhesive 2 and is covered by a sensitized layer 5, these elements being the same as those described in connection with Figs. 1 and 2.

In Figs. et and 5 l disclose a modified element comprising an opaque support 1 of the same kind of material as that indicated in connection with Fig. 1, the upper face. or rather the face which is to bear the other parts of the element, being covered with an adhesive 2, such as gum arabic or soluble gelatin. Into the adhesive-coated face'of the support 1 are pressed a series of spaced colored filter lines 31 of the necessary color and transparency, these being made of pyroxylin in the preferred embodimentof my invention. rl'hey may first be formed in spaced relation upon a suitable non-yielding plate and then forced downward on to the adhesive-coated surface of the support 1 under suitable pressure. Upon the outer faces of the lter lines 251. aswell as upon the intervening lines of adhesive-emited surface 36, is coated a suitable light sensitive photographic material 5, such as the lantern slide or gaslight emulsion mentioned above. Adhesion between this emulsion and the p vroxylin filter lines 31 is obtained by the usual substratum.

In Figs. 6 and 7 there is shown a further embodiment of my invention comprising an opaque support 1 on which is a layer of suitable adhesive 2 of the kind hereinabove mentioned and upon the latter is coated the light sensitive layer 5. Upon the latter are printed a series of spaced filter lines 32 of suitable color and transparency. 'hen the layer or coating 5 .is la gelatine-silver haloid emulsion, these lines may be printed with a material containing both pyroxylin and gelatin mixed with al suitable color and a common solvent or softener, the adjustment of the proportions and the particular colors used being within the skill of persons familiar with this art. Thus the common solvent may, for inst-ance. be acetic ether. as set forth in United States Patent No. 550.288. Penniman, Nov. '26, 1895. This causes the printed or deposited'linesJ-l.) to adhere to the gelatin of the emulsion 5 and vet be sutliciently waterproof to retain the color during the subsequent. nn'inpulations of the element in hotographic baths.

since the general methods in which in v elements are used are set forth in full in the Hopkins and Stinchfield applications hereinabove mentioned, and since the present invention relates to the element as an article of manufacture, the entire'processes of making the final colored photograph will not be set forth. but I will describe the features of the printing operation and assembling operation which are peculiar to the use ofthe present elements.

In Fig. 8 the element shown in Fig. 1. prior to printing. has placed upon it a transparent support 6, such as glass or celluloid. bearing lines 7 equal in area and spacing to the filter lines or areas 3. These lines T arel opaque to the light used in priming. ll'hen the sensitive layer 5 is ofthe -silver haloid type.which is preponderanlly sensitive to blue light. the lines 7 may be black or an)r other color except bluish. thereby being substantially opaque to blue light and thus shielding the lines of emulsion 5 which are immediately between them and the filter lines 3. Above the support 6 l place the negative 10 bearing the image layer 9. ln order to avoid parallax, l preferabl v employ parallel light for printing. as indicated buv the arrows 11. Y After developing and fixing. the spaces above the windows Jr will bear image sections, while the. parts of the trans formed layer 5 abovel the tilterlines it will be translucid.

When print-ing upon the element shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the use of auxiliary masking lines is unnecessary, although they may. of course, be used. lt is. however. more convenient to proceed as indicated in Fig. il. the negative 10, bearing the innige layer E). being, placed directly inA contactV with the filter lines 32. In general, this convenient method of printing may be employed whenever the filter lines 32 are substantially so colored as to be opaque to the light waves which chiefiy affect the emulsion 5. Expe- 'or areas 103 separated by clear spaces or windows 104, carrying thereon a printed and developed layer 105.

Duringthe fluid treating of my' present elements, the adhesive 2 becomes either dis-l nsolved or tacky, so that the opaque support may be readily stripped therefrom. 1 take advantage of this condition to remove the opaquesupport l after ithas been suitably assembled with the lower portion of ,the

finished picture. as indicated in Fig. 10. The transformed layer 5 ofy my element is fastened asby any suitable adhesive to the image-bearing layer105 of the lower element, `the lines 3 and 4 of my element being atthe necessary angle to the lines 103 and 104 of the lower element and the images on the upper and lower parts of the picture being in lproper registry, as more fully eX- plained'in said Hopkins and Stnehfield applications. A When the adhesive between tli'e image-bearing layers has properly set and while the adhesive layer 2 is sufficiently yielding, the opaque backing 1 is stripped off from the. filters and windows 3 and 4, thereby lea-ving a relatively thin and flexible finished picture. iVhen assembling my present invention with a lower element of the kind'illustrated in Fig. 10, registration may be easily effected by ylooking through the transparent support 101. Vhen the lower element has an opaque backing, registration may be effected by proper alining or guiding marks along the edges of the upper and lower parts. Obviously the support 1 in the forms shown in Figs. 3 to 7 may be similarly removed during assembling.

In the preferred form of my -invention I employ an opaque support, because thel latter absorbsstray light, being in proper optical contact vwith the other elements by means of the adhesive layer 2, the index of refraction of which is sufficiently closev to that of p'yioxylin to effect said substantial optical contact. 1t thus constitutes a nonhalation backing, tending to maintain the purity and brilliance ofthe color rendering.

'support of the kind shown in my co-pending application mentioned above. registration being effected without the use of the `well known guide marks along the edges.

A transparent stripping support may also be found useful for protective purposes with the elements disclosed in the application of Hopkins referred to and I consider as within the scope of my invention any such stripping element, whether lor not it has all the characteristics and advantages found in my preferred embodiment.

An advantage inherent in the forms shown in Figs. 3. G and 7 is that in the final completed color picture` the outer or exposed layer is not the screen element which may be more or less fragile but a continuous homogeneous layer of material as of pyroxylin or gelatin.

It. will, of course. be understood that the sensitive coating 5 is made continuous only for convenience in manufacture, and the portions of it above or below filter lines. as the case may be. perform no distinctive photogral'ihic function. in conti-adistinction to the portions of said coating 5 above or below the window spaces which are transformediinto image lines or sections. 1t will be further seen that the portions of sensitive material out of which said image sections are formed are alternated with the color filters or elements when considered with respect to the light rays. either in printing or viewing. 'hile not in exactly the same plane, they are close to a common plane and are consequently interspersed for practical purposes in performing their functions. Consequently in the element. as an article of manufacture. they bear a relation which enables them to contribute the properly located filter liiies and image sections to the finished picture.

Having thus described in v invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Tietters Patent is:

1. photographic element comprising an opaque. light-absorbing support having on one side thereof color filterareas interspersed with non-filteifareas and photographic material sensitized tow yield an opaque image.

2. A photographie element comprising a support, including an opaque light-absorbing layer, having on one side thereof color. filter areas interspersed with areas cf photographic material sensitized to yield an opaque image. i

' 3. A photographic e1e1nent,eomprising an opaque, light-absorbing support having on one side thereof separated color filter areas interspersed with areas of photographie matially the same color.

4. A photographic element, comprising an opaque, light-absorbing support having on one side thereof both separated filter lines and light sensitive gelatino silver emulsion, all lines on saidsupport beingof substantially the same color.

A photographie element, comprising an opaque support having on one side thereof color filter areas interspersed with nonilter areas and photographic material sensitized to yield an opaque image, said support mit the stripping of the support from said areas.

6. An article of manufacture, com rising a support having on one side 'thereo separated color filter areas I interspersed with areas of photographic material sensitized to yield an opaque image, said support'being attached to one of the foregoing elements by means of an adhesive which weakens in the photographie baths suliieiently to rmit stripping off of the support from said elements. i l

Signed at Rochester, New York, this 2nd day of February, 1920.

RAY L. STINCHFIELD.

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