US1362559A - Gas-producer - Google Patents

Description

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GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.28|`1919.

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)I UM- v 'i I ATTORNEYJ 4 N .w @www u# N-. c N

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS GLOUSTON, 0F VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

Gas-PRODUCER.

To all/whom t may concern:

Be it known that I', THOMAS CnoUs'roN, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Vancouver, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, have 4invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producers, of which the following is'a speci-v cation. v A

Thisinvention relates to a gas generator for obtaining producer gas from powdered carbonaceousor from liquid fuel, such as crude oil, the generator being designed to give a continuous supply of producery gas with complete gasification of the fuel charge and vwithout volatile constituents that re- Figure 1 is a verticallongitudinal section.

Fig. 2, a cross section on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, and

Fig, 3, an end elevation of the generating chamber, being aY section through the fuel delivery on the line .3-3 in Flg. 1, and

Fig. 4 shows in .cross section to a reducedl scale 'a modification of the generator` as for application to a furnace where there 1s consumption of the gas as generated, and

Fig. 5 shows a modification in the fuel delivery adapted for a liquid 'fuel such as crude oil.

In these drawings 2 represents an outer casing within which .is sustained in an interspace 4 filled with broken refractory material a generating chamber 3 of similar refractory material.

This generating chamber 3 is preferably D-shaped in cross section disposed as shown in Fig. 2. "It is closed at both ends and has vertical slits 5 along both sides.

Extending along the bottomof the combustion chamber 3 in the middle line fromy one end to a short distance from the other is an elongated cylindrical mixing chamber 6. This mixing chamber 6 is lopen at both ends and at one end passes through the end of the generating chamber. It may be integral with the generating chamber 3, but 1S' preferably a separate part inserted through is accom Specication of Letters Patent.- Patented `])((514:, 1920 VApplication led August 28, 1919-. Serial No. 320,424.

the end of the chamber 3 and retained in position therein by any suitabley means.

A gas uptake pipe 7 is connected to the outer casing 2 about the midlength of the chamber and delivers the gas as generated to the place of consumption or to Ia gas holder or storage reservoir.

To the end of the mixing chamber 6 which 4passes through the end of the generating chamber 3 is connected a relatively shortl chamber 8`forming an outward prolongation ofthe mixing chamber, within the"end of which it conically projects, as lat 9. 'Into the end.' of this chamber 8 is axially inserted a fuel delivery nozzle 10 to which finely divided carbonaceous fuel is delivered through a pipe 11 from a hopper 12 located above it. The lower endof the hoppeil de- 'livers into the horizontally turned end lof the pipe 11 in which is connected an aii` delivery pipe 13 having anpoutwardly flared end. The inner end of the airvdelivery pipe extends across the hopper delivery and is adjust-able by a screwithread in4 its distance from the angle of slope of the powdered fuel to control the amount carried to the burner.

Delivering axially into the fuel delivery nozzle 10 and endwise adjustable in front of the fuel pipe 11 is a steam delivery nozzle 14 to which steam is delivered from a pipe 15 which passes lengthwise along the upper side of the combustion chamber and between it and the casing 2. Vater is delivered to this pipe 15 from a reservoir 16, the supply being controlled by a stop valve 17 and a regulator 18 is introduced in lthe steam pipe between where it emerges from the casing 2 and its connection to the injector nozzle 14. This regulator 18 is controlled by a gas pressure governor 19 which is connected to the gas delivery pipe 7, so that the' pressure of the gas as delivered controls the A on each side in line with. the bottom tifs-the space between the mixing chamber 6 and the wall of the combustion chamber 3, through which apertures the flue dust may be removed periodically.

A removable cap 25 closes the end opposite the steam delivery nozzle 14, which cap may be removed to allow initial heating of the chamber 6 and ignition 'of the gases therein, after which the jet of steam generated in the p'ipe 15 and delivered through'v the nozzle 14 into the mixing vchamber 6 forms a partial vacuum in the fuel delivery pipe 11 which indraws the carbonaceous fuel from the hopper 12 and the air from 13.

This carbonaceous fuel and air is projected through the nozzle 9 into the mixing chamber 6, indrawing with it a supply of heatperature in their exit fromthe chamber 3 through4 the rubble filling 4 encourages contact of the CU2 with the remaining )articles of incandescent carbon, to form C which with the free hydrogen constitutes the producer gas desired.

In the dissociation of the gases of the steam, heat is absorbed which is returned later when the free hydrogen lis consumed This reduction of temperature is advantageous as it protects the combustion chamber from the destructive effect wh ich the heat of complete combustion would have on the material of the chamber.

It must be distinctly understood that, although the arrangement shown is for the delivery of the carhonaceous fuel in the powderedv form, the same 'construction of generator is applicable to the' use of fuel in a liquid form, such as crude oil, the only difference being in the manner of feeding vthe oil fuel to the burner.

surface that it can be taken up by the air indrawn at 33 by the steam jet at 14.

The advantages of this process of gas genconstituents of the carbonaceous fuel are lcompletely gasilied, combining directly with Vthe air and steam to form a producer gas without any residue of condensable matter. These favorable results are. attributable to the delivery of the fuel, whether solid or liquid, in a linely divided state, with a properly proportioned supply of air by means of a jet of steam into an elongated chamber of relatively small cross section area and with ample o-bstructed discharge delivery through the slits and rubble.

The total area of the slits 5 is approximately twice the cross section area of the mixing chamber 6, which is considerable in relation to that of the gas delivery pipe 7, so that the ,draft through the slits and through the iiiterspaces of the' material in 4 is comparatively light, and the gases have time to effect the desired combination,` The {iue dust or ash resulting from the combustion of the powdered fuel is not therefore indrawn to the rubble to any large extent but is deposited within the combustion chamber 3 and is removable through the cleaning apertures provided.

lt is obvioils that, if the casing 2 is open in the top, as shown in Fig. 4, the gas may be consumed, as generated, if the air necessary for 4coinlnistion is separately supplied as to a furnace.

Having now particularly described my invention, l hereby declare that what l claim as new and desire to protected in by Letters Patent, is:

1. A gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber of refractory 'material f sides and mixing chamber extending from one end'to a short distance from the'other, said generating chamber' supported within a casing in rubble of refractory" material,

and means for deliveringiinely divided carbonaceous fuel with heated air and steam axiall into one end of the mixing chamber.

2. gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber of refractory may terial vhaving gas delivery apertures ink its walls 'and a mixing chamber extending lengthwise from one end to a short distance from the other, a casing wall retaining a filling of broken refractory material in close contact with the top, bottom and sides of the generator, and means for delivering finely divided carbonaceous fuel with air and steam axially into one end of the mixing chamber.

3. gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber of refractor material having apetured walls and wit in it a mixing chamber extendingy from one end of the generating chamber to a short distance from t le other end, said generating chamber lao i supported within an external casing with a rubble filling of refractory material in the space between the generator and the casi-ng, means for delivering finely divided carbonaceous fuel with heated air and a jet of steam axially into one end of the mixing chamber, and means for withdrawing the gas from the external casing.

4. A gas producer, comprising the combination with an elongated generating chamber with means for delivering gas therefrom through a rubble of refractory material sur.' 'rounding the generator, a burner projected v axially into the mixing chamber, said burner burner.

5. A gas producer, comprising an elongated chamber of-refractory material D- shaped in cross section having vertically disposed slits along each side, and a mixing chamber lengthwise disposed along the bottom or fiat side from one end to a short distance from the other, an external casing retaining a rubble of refractory material in contact with the walls of'the generator, air' ducts supported above the casing through which air is delivered to a burner projected axially within the mixing chamber, a'fuel delivery nozzle projected into the back end of the burner, means for delivering finely divided carbonaceous fuel to the fuel nozzle, a steam jet projected intoythe back end of the fuel nozzle, a pipe dispbsed lengthwise over the generator within the casing, means `for delivering a regulated supply of waterto one end of this pipe the other end of which is connected to the steam delivery nozzle.

6. A gas producer, comprising an elonv gated chamber of refractory material having gas'delivery slits disposed along eachside,

and a mixing chamber lengthwlse disposed along the bottom from one end to a short distance from the other, an external casing retaining a rubble of refractory material in contact with the Walls of the generator, said chamber having a gas delivery duct from it, means for projecting a jet of finely divided carbona'ceous .fuel with air and steam into the end of the mixing chamber, means for heating the air before such delivery, and means coperative with the pressure of the gas as delivered from the generator for controlling the amount of steam-delivered to the burner.

7. A gas producer, comprising an elonlgated chamber of refractoiy`material D- shaped in cross section, the flat sideof the D being horizontally disposed, the side walls of the chamber adjacent the flat side having vertically disposed narrow slits, a cylindrical mixing chamber lengthwise disposed along the bottom within the generating chamber from one end to a short distance from the other, a casing retaining a rubble of refractory material in contact with the wall of the generating chamber, a burner nozzlel projecting axially intoone end of the mixing chambeiymeans for delivering heated air to the burner, a fuel delivery nozzle 'proecting axially from the back endtoward the urner nozzle, means for delivering finely vdivided carbonaceous fuel and air to the fuel nozzle, and a steam nozzle projecting axiall from the backend toward the fuel nozz e, and means for delivering steam to the last mentioned nozzle. v

In testimony whereof I aiix mv si nature.

THOMAS CLOUS ON.

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