US1361978A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

J. W. GEORGE.

' INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLED MAR. B, 1920.

Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET i.

INVENTOR J. W. GEORGE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FiLED MAR. s. 192o.

1,361,978, v Patented Dec. 14,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- INVENTOR t E \V I w I UNETEF) fiTA'lES JOHN WILLIAM GEORGE, OF STROUD GREEN, LONDON, ENG-LAND,

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed March 8, 1320,

T (ZZZ whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN VVILLIAM GEORGE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Stroud Green, in the county of London, England, have invented a new and useful Internal- Combustion Engine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal-combustion engines in which two or more pairs of co-axial cylinders are arranged in paral lel relationship. Such pairs of cylinders are usually provided with pairs of piston heads, each pair of which is connected together by one rod passing through packing mounted between the piston heads. When four of such pistons have been arranged in one group of four of said cylinders and in one casting a pair of cylindrical valve chambers have also been provided in such casting, one of which chambers is situated on each side of the engine, in parallel relationship with the cylinders, and on a line mid-way between said cylinders. The valve chambers contain cylindrical sleeves and valves operated by the motion of the engine and the valves, chambers and sleeves all contain ports for controlling the inlet and exhaust of the gases.

The object of the present invention is to provide two or more cylinders open at their outside ends to allow for lubrication and arranged in ce-axial alinement, a pair of piston heads operating in each pair of cylinders and connected together by one rod passing through adjustable packing, and explosion chambers between said piston heads and said packing.

Minor objects of this invention consist in providing an engine, as set out in the main object, with shafts arranged parallel with the axis of the co-axial cylinders and. adapted to operate eccentric rods or cams for partially rotating the valve members and sleeves and split packing rings adapted to be adjusted in the manner hereinafter more particularly described.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a view showing one construction of the improved engine, and taken on the line a, a, of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a plan view in section, and taken on the line ZJb of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a modified construction of engine, and is a sectional view taken on the line c0 of Fig. 4C, and,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 14, 1920.

Serial No. 364,243.

Fig. l is a plan view of this modification. In the casing (Z of both constructions of engine is provided a number of cylinders a, Z), c, d, and a pair of cylindrical valve chambers f, g, carrying the rotary valve members 7 and g, respectively, and also in termediate sleeve members It, 2', operated by suitably arranged and eccentrically operated valve rods j, 7c, Z, m. In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings the rods 7', Z, are shown operated by a rotating shaft n, and the rods 7s, m, are shown operated by another rotating shaft 0, while in the other construction of engine shown by Figs. 3 and 4, all the rods j, is, Z, m, are operated by one shaft p. The shafts a, o, 3), receive motion by any suitable means from the main crank shaft of the engine, but the shaft 7), in Figs. 3 and 4, is shown mounted upon a bar, or the like framing g, which is supported from the top of the cylinder 0, and carries a gear wheel 7", in mesh with the wheel 5, mounted on the shaft 25.

It will be noticed that all the cylinders a, b, 0, (Z, are open at their extreme ends a 6 c (Z and that a piece of gauze u is arranged above the cylinders a', c.

The ends of the cylinders being open as shown to allow for the easy assembling of parts and also for lubricant, thrown out of the (fjlllltlQlS during the working of the engine, to be collected on the gauze u, to be distributed, or returned, if over lubricated, through the passage 1) into the crank case.

Each cylinder is provided with suitably ringed piston heads a Z2 c (Z The rod w connects the heads o .72 while the rod :0 connects the heads 0 (Z The suitably shaped casing (Z is provided between the cylinders a, Z) and 0, (Z' respectively with V shaped split rings which are adapted to exert pressure upon the rods and w to form a gas tight joint.

This pressure can be obtained in many ways and in the drawings I have simply shown a pair of V shaped split rings y and a set screw 2 the end of said set screw pressing against another V shaped split ring cooperating with the split rings y. Thus it will be seen that by adjusting the screw 2 the pressure on the rings y is also adjusted. If preferred, the said screws can be shortened and coiled springs placed between the ends of the screws and the split ring acting on the split rings 3 This packing system provides a suitable gas tight joint between at 10 on the discharge stroke of any particular piston. It will be seen that while the valve members 7, g, have six ports, one to each chamber, the sleeve members it, 2', and the casings f, 9, have only three ports each. The

arrangement is such that when a lead of 90 is given to the eccentrically operated rods controlling the sleeve members in advance of the eccentrically operated rods controlling the valve members it ispossible to arrange that the ports in the sleeve members and chambers are each caused to coincide alternately with an inlet port. and exhaust port of the valve members. Further the connecting channels 11, and 12 between the cylinders 44, and c, and valve chambers f, g, as shown in Fig. 2, are oppositely disposed to similar channels connecting the chambers of the valves with the cylinders Z), (Z. Thus similar strokes are simultaneously effected in opposed-cylinders on all the various strokes of the engine.

By referring to the drawings it will thus be seen, that by placing the four cylinders as shown with pistons acting in unison that a considerable amount of crank IIlQCl'liHllSDI is dispensed with, besides a hugeamount of casing, and general valve mechanism, while at the same time many minor advantages are obtained.

There is no limit to the number of cylinders that couldbe placed in alinement, and provided on an extended scale with pistons and valve mechanism of the invention as described,'and in such extended principles it is possible to adapt and arrange the valve mechanism, so that an equal number of firing strokes are obtained on the rods of a pair of pistons acting in opposed directions on the same crank shaft to produce a balanced engine. The engine is suitably water jacketed, and lubricated.

I claim 1. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a casing with tour cylinders open at their outside ends and two valve chambers, two pairs of piston heads con nected together and each of said piston heads working in one of said cylinders, adjustable packing situated between said piston heads, explosion chambers between said piston heads and said packing and valves within said valve chambers.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a casing with tour cylinders open at their outside ends and two valve chambers, valves within said chambers, pis ton heads within said cylinders, eccentric or cam controlled mechanism carried by shafts arranged parallel with the axis of the cylinders for operating the valves, and sleeves carried between said valves and the inner walls of said valve chambers.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising in combination a casing with four cylinders open at their outside ends and two valve chambers, two pairs of piston heads connected together and each of said piston heads working in one of said cylinders, rods con necting said piston heads in pairs, split rings aroundsaid rods, a V-shaped split ring co operating with a pair of the beforementioned split rings and adjusted by screws supported from the casing, explosion chambers between said piston heads and said packing, circular sleeves with ports operating in conjunction with ports in the valve chambers and ports in partially rotatable valves carried within said sleeves, shafts arranged parallel with the axis of the cylinders and cams or eccentrics upon said shafts for operating the valves and sleeves.

JOHN WWILLIAM GE ORGE.

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