US1360188A - Automatic pistol - Google Patents

Description

J. 0. CROY.

y AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

4' im' Patented NOV. 23, 1920.

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AUTOMATIC PISTOL. APPLICATION FILED APR. 24. 1920.

Patented Nov. 23, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- HIT/@JINI A 1 UNITED STATES JOHN O. CROY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRCT 0F COLUMBIA.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

'Specication of Letters Patent. Patented NOV. 23, 1920,

Application lled April 24, 1920. Serial No. 376,361.

To all ywhom z'z may concern Be it known that LJQHN O. Cuor, a citizen of the United States, residing at city of lVashington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Automatic Pistols, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in automatic pistols.

In the ordinary automatic pistol, the recoil of the charge operates a mechanism for firing the cartridge Aand .eectin'g the same but in `such pistols a considerable amount of power is lost by the necessary rearwardV movement ofthe cartridge or some part carrying the same, to operate the firing and ejecting mechanisms and my invention resides in making a pistol in which the tiring and the ejecting mechanism is manually operated and thereby utilizing the full power of the charge.

The obiect of. my invention is to provide Y a pistol of this character in which the tiring and ejecting mechanism is operated. by the gripping of the stock, causing a memberin the stock to move forward and this single forward movement operating both mecha-V nisms. y l v Another object'of my invention is to provide a pistol in whichcca safety mechanism is provided whereby the accidental gripping of`the stock will not fire the cartridge,Y yet allowingl of the automatic operation vof the pistol to eject all of the Acartridges in the magazine, so that the pistol can be unloaded Y* in the samemanner as 1t is fired.V

' still further object of my inventionis to provide a pistol in whiclithere is no preliminary operation necessary to start the lop'- eration of the pistol, asis necessary in the ordinary pistol using the recoil to` fire and reset the same, but the simplegrippingrof the stock at anytime starts the operation of the pistol whether the cartridges'are fired or not. Y

A still further tol of this charactermade offew parts and 1n which access maybe readily had to'all of the moving parts and having'certain details of structure and combination of parts here-V inafter more fully described.

.Y 'showing the operating mecha-ni*sinl object of my 'invention is to provide a simple cheap and effectivepis-r is .a side elevation of myY im-V Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line 2 2 Figi.

F ig. 3 is a perspective view of `the longitudinally movable 1barrel show-ing the oper-v ating mechanism therefor, and also the cartridge ejecting mechanism, in their separated relation. y

Fig. 4 is `a longitudinal horizontal sectional vfiew taken through the magazine, on the line 44 l.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken en the -line 5 5 Fig. 1 and looking in the di* rection of the arrow.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the pistol showing the safety attachment for the firing pin.

Fig. 7 is a perspective of the safety at-l tachment for moving th'e firing pin in or out so that it will or will not engage the cap of the cartridge.

Fig. 8 is a sectional `view of the firing pin showing the safety attachment in opera-y tive engagement therewith;

Fig. 9 is a sectional View showing vthe spring Vholding means for f lock operating mechanism.V Y I Referringl now'to the drawingsl represents a frame made of the .usual metalland having the stock2 formed integral there with Iand also having the forward vextension 3 formed integral allot' which forms a cheap I and effective Vmanner of making the same and ,yet having a neat appearance. The frame l is of a hollow form to receive the entireV operating mechanism, including the barrel and magazine and this entire mecha- .nism'is Vretained in the frame by the plate 4, in its operative part, as will be later de'- scribed. The stock-V2 has its rear edgeopen as indicated at 5 andin which is pivotally mounted at 6, the member .7, which extends out beyond ther stock and. adapted tobe rocked on its pivot by the gripping of the stock, as will be Vlaterdescribed in the-complete orperation ofthe pistol. The stock 2 has pivoted thereinat 8 the member 9, which is adapted to he engaged bv the curved face The forward extension of the frameA 1 has the barrel 'll slidably mounted therein and which as shown isgof a rectangular ,form Vin cross section and'has its outer lend bevond the frame 1 ofv a cylindrical form .to give a neat' appearanceV to the pistol. The upper edge'of they. barrel isvheld against upward l() of the member 7 and rocked upon its pivot i y 8 for ejecting, loadingV and firing. a .f

eral movement.

The side of the barrel, adjacent its rear end, is cut away as indicated at 15 and pivoted within this cut away portion at 16 is a link 17 which extends rearwardly and is pivotally connected to the lever 18 at 19. The said lever 18 is pivotally connected to the frame l intermediate its ends by the pivot 20 and whereby the rocking of the lever moves the barrel forward and rearward for firing the cartridge and ejecting it, as will be later described. The pivoted member 7 is normally held in its outward position by means of the spring 21 which as shown is a leaf spring but as will be readily understood a coil spring could be used. Pivotally connected to the upper end of the member 9 at 16 is a forked shaped member 22 which extends forwardly and has the lower forked member 23 thereof restingl on the upwardly curved raised portion 24'carried by the frame 1 and which lifts the member 22 in its forward movement, for a purpose later described. The member 22 is arranged between two guides 25 which allows of its free forward movement but prel movement of the lever 18. The continued forward movement of the'member 22 causes the member 23 to engage the lower end of' vents any lateral movement. The forked member 22 has its upper member 26 passing between the guides 27 carried by lthe frame 1 and whereby it is free to move longitudi- `nally but held against lateral movement.

The forward end of thevmember26 is'reduced and engages a movable dog 28 carried by the intermediatel-y pivoted lever 18.-

This dog as shown has a'rocking movement on the lever through the pin and slot arrangement 29 and 30 and normally held in the position'shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings by the spring 31 shown'in dotted line Fig. 1. This arrangement of the dog allows the lever carrying the same to be moved forward by the engagement therewith of the member26 and allows the member 2 6 to freely pass over the dog and after the dog has dropped into the slot 32 in the member 26 one is free t0 move independent of the other and therefore there .will be no frio-l tional vengagement between the same so that there will be nothing to retard the rearward the lever 18 and move the same l:forward arranged the vertically arranged safety lock i 38. This lock 38 has a central opening to receive the reduced portion 35 of the firing pin 33 and is provided with the bevele walls 39 and 40 adapted to engage the beveled portions 36 and 37 0f the reduced portion 35 of the firing pin. Thus it will be seen that by raising or lowering the safety lock the firing pin is moved longitudinally for bringing it back within the block 34 so that as the barrel moves rearwardly the cartridge cap will not engage the firing pin for discharging the same. The lock 38 has stud 41 connected thereto and which extends out through a slot 42' in the side of the frame and the outer end of the stud is provided with a knob whereby the lock can be moved vertically. In order to positively lock the lock 38 in its lowered or raised p0- sition the stud 41 is provided with the normally outwardly spring pressed members 43 and 44 adapted to enter the notches 45 and 46 in the sides of the slots 42. In order to provide means for moving the members 43 and 44 inwardly out ofthe slots the knob 47 is slidabl'y mounted upon the stud and .normally outwardly spring held and upon a slight inward movement of the knob the members 43 and 44 are forced inwardly out of the slot.

The cartridge ejecting means comprisesa spring member 48 mounted in the block 34 carrying the firing pin and projects out beyond the same and is adapted to be forced outwardly by the beading 49 carried by the rear end of the cartridge 50.Y In the rearward movement of the barrelthe rim forces the spring member 48 outwardly until it has passed over the rim or bearing and catches over the same. The Aoutwardv'movement of the barrel leaves the cartridge held tightly against the block 34 until the barrel Vhas passed the end of Vthe emptyV cartridge, when the pressure of the member 48 snaps the shell out through the Vopening 51 in the side of the frame 1. Upon each reciprocaf Vtion of the barrel this operation takes `place and when the firing pin is receded the loaded cartridges are thrown'out in thesame manner, only the barrel in its outwardr travel has to move ja' slight distance farther before the cartridges are snapped outas allowance has tobe made for'the length of the ball. The lower face ofthe barrel vis provided with an elongated recess 52 into which extends the upper end of the .lever 53, which is pivotedV atr54 to the frame 1 and which extends rearwardly and is pro# vided with a cartridge carrier 55 .at its rear end and into which are forced the cartridges from the magazine 56. The pocket shaped member or cartridge carrier 55 is provided with a spring 57 adapted to clasp the cartridge and hold it while the -lever `is moving upwardly .to bring the carrier opposite the barrel, so that .the cartridge enters vthe barrel as it travels rearwardly and forces the same against theV fir-ing pin to explode the cap. The rcartridge carrier 55 is provided with a curved plate 56 4which passes across the end-of the magazine when the carrier is raisedhto prevent the lcartridges from passing therefrom,

The cartridge carrier 55 has the side 66 extended upwardly above the 'opposite side and its rear .ed-ge .curved as indicated 67. This curved face or edge engages the curved portion 68 carried by the underside of .the rear end of the barrel 11.. The side 66 `is of a length lessthan that of the cartridge so that the end .thereof extends beyond the same. When the cartridge is raised the barrel moves rearwardly, .the endof the Vcartridge beyond the plate 66 enters the'bore of the barrel. The continued rearward movement of the lb arrel causes the curved portion 68. of the barrel toV engage the curved face 67fofthe side 66 and gradually forces theV same downwardly, theV cartridge is held in the barrel and gradual-ly forced'in the barreluntil it strikes the block 34. The car4 rier is gradually forced down in a position eral rearwardly extending portion 72 adapted to engage the lower edge of the firing pin block 34 in its upward movement and force the same downwardly to prevent any possibility of thecartridge jamming.

' The magazine 56 is of a rectangular form in cross section and of ga-'len-gth to receive the desired number of cartridges, the bore of the magazine being round to receiye. and hold .the cartridges in a straightpositlon asvshown in Fig. 4 of the-drawings. The magazine has a follower 58 therein, which is provided ,with ears 59 traveling in grooves 60 and 61 to prevent the rotation of the same. The follower is normally held'or pressed to the rear by a 'spring 60 for causing a tension on theV cartridges tog'feed. them therefrom. The rear end of the magazine is provided witha catch 61, adaptedtohold vthe cartridges in the magazine while it is being placed in the pistol but is released upon Vthe magazine reaching its rearward limit of movement. This is accomplished by having a ,beveled faced wall 74 in the frame which limits the inward movement of the magazine. rl`he said stop is provided with a beveled -face 75 engaging the beveled wall 74 for Aforcing the catch outwardly into the notch 77 and allowoffthe free passage of the cartridge from the magazine. The sides of the magazine are providedwith the notches 61 4and 62 into which extend the sharp edges of the pivoted latches 63 and 64, pivoted inthe frame 1. The latches are normalliy7 held in their inward .position by means of the .spring v65, all .of which is clearlyv shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings.

The operation ofthe pistol is as follows: The magazine havingbeen loaded with cartridges vin the .usual manner as heretofore described and placed in the frame until the catch releases them. One cartridge is forced 'therefrom into the carrier 66 4and :the pistol ris ready for operation without any preliminary operation, such Aas is necessary in the recoil automatic. The safety lock-38, if atY safety, is moved downwardly, moving the firing pin .outwardly beyond the block 34. The stock of the pistol is .then gripped, which forces the member 7 inwardly, which in turn 'forces the member 9 inwardly. The fork 26 of the member "22 engages the dog 28 and the same being carried by Athe* lever 18, the said lever is forced forward and through the medium of the link 17 the barrel is moved forward. The Vforward movement of the barrel raises the carrier 55 in a line with the rear endV of the barrel. forward movement the member 22 -carryingthe fork 23 has engaged 'the bevel face 24, which gradually raises the member 26 so that its end passes over the dog and the said dog fdrops into `fthe Vslot 32. The continued forward movement of the member' v22 causes vthe fork 23 to .engage `the lower end of the lever 18 and move it rearwardly with a lquick snap, carrying with it the barrel and'picking up the cart-ridge from the' carrier and ,bringing it against the -ring pin and exploding the cap.V The grip of the' In the I* stock is-.released and the regrifppin'g of the Y stock repeats .the ope-ration, which can `be carried out VYvery rapidly.

In 4.order to provide additional means for locking the pistol so that it can not berred I provide a pivoted lever 66 which' has a laterally. turned endy extending through the plate 4 andV has a cam-portion 66 adapted to Y enter the. slot 68 in the lower face of the barrel and when-thesame is moved into a posiltion withV earn` shaped portion 'in slot the barrel can not be moved is at safety. avng thus and thus the pistol fully described my invention,'what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame carrying aY stock and barrel, and means in the stock for causing one complete operation of the pistol by a single gripping of the stock.

2. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame carrying a stock and a barrel, and a forwardly movable member in the stock adapted to cause one complete operation of the pistol during the forward movement of said member caused by the single gripping of the stock.

3. An automatic pistol comprising a frame, means in the frame for ejecting the cartridge, placing another in the barrel and firing it, and a pivoted member in the stock and actuated by gripping the stock for operating said mechanism.

4. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, means in the frame for ejecting the cartridge, placing another in the barrel and firing it, and means actuated by gripping the. stock for operating said'mechanismlby the single forward movement of a single member.

5. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereb a movable barrel for ejecting the cartri ge and placing another therein and firing it by the rearward movement of the barrel, and means operated by the gripping of the stock for moving the barrel in both directions for causing one complete operation.

6. An automatic plstol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a. longitudinally movable barrel for ejecting the cartridge and placing another therein and firing it and a forwardly movable member operated by the gripping of the stock for operating the barrel in both directions.

7. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel ejecting the `cartridge on its forward movement and placing another therein and firing it by the rearward movement of the barrel, a pivoted member in the stock and moved'forward by the gripping thereof, and a forwardly moving member operated by the pivoted member in the stock for first moving the barrel forward, the continuedV movement of the mem# ber moving the barrel rearwardly.v

8. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinallyV movable barrel ejecting the cartridge on its forward movement and simultaneously placinganother in position to enter the frame, a link connecting the upper end of the lever to the barrel, and a forked member connected to the pivoted meinberlin the stock and adapted to engage the lever abovev its pivot for forcing the barrel forward and the continued movement of the forked member engaging the lever below its pivot vfor moving it in its reverse direction'and moving the barrel rearwardly. V

9. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel in the frame and ejecting the cartridge on its forward movement, and simultaneously placing another in a position to enter the barrel on its rearward movement, and the continued rearward movement of the barrel firing the cartridge, a pivoted member in the stock and operated by gripping the same, an intermediately pivoted lever in the frame. a ylink connecting the upper end of the lever to the rear end of the barrel, and a forwardly sliding member pivotally connected to the pivoted member in the grip and adapted to engage the lever above its pivot on its first part of its movement for moving the barrel forward and to engage the lever below its pivot on its continued movement to reverse the direction ofv movement of the lever to move the barrel rearwardly.

l0. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel in the frame, means for ejecting the'cartridge on the forward movement of the barrel, a pivoted member operated by the forward movement of the barrel for raising a cartridge from the magazine and holding it in a line with the barrel to be picked up by the rearward movement thereof, a firing pin in line with the barrel, a. safety means for receding the firing pin, a pivoted member in the stock and adapted to operate the barrel in a forward and rearward direction by alsingle movement thereof. Y

ll. An automatic` pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel, ejecting means for the empty cartridge, means operated by the forward movement 'of the barrel for moving a cartridge in line with the barrel, a 'firing pin in line with the' barrel, a safety means for receding the firing pin, a pivoted memberl carried by the stock, and means operated by the forwardmo'vement of therpivoted member for first moving the barrel forward and then moving it rearwardly.

12. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel, ejecting means, a magazine, means operated by the forward movement of the barrel for takin a cartridge from the magazine and holdmg it inline with the rear end of the barrel, a firin pin inline with the rearend of the barre a safety means for receding the pin so that the cartridge can not strike it, a movable member in the stock and operated by gripping the samefor moving the barrel forward on the rst of its, movement and the continued movement moving the barrel rearwardly with a snap to inclose the cartridge and cause it to strike the firing pin.

13. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel, ejecting means, a magazine, means operated by the forward movement of the barrel for taking a cartridge from the magazine and holding it in line with the rear end of the barrel, a ring pin in line with the rear end of the barrel,

means for locking the barrel against movenient to prevent the accidental discharge of the pistol, and a movable member in the stock and operated by gripping the same for moving the barrel forward on the first part of its movement and the continued movement causing the rearward movement of the barrel with a quick snap to inclose the cartridge and cause it to strike the ring pin.

let. n automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a longitudinally movable barrel ejecting the cartridge on its forward movement and simultanep in the reverse y direction and moving the barrel rearwardly with a rapid snap.

l5. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame carrying a stock and a barrel, and a forwardly movable member in the stock adapted to cause a complete operation of the pistol during the forward movement of said member caused by the gripping of the stock and means for causing the last part of the operation to be more rapid than the first for causing the firing of the cartridge.

16. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame carrying a stock and barrel, and a forwardly movable member in the stock adapted to cause a complete operation of the pistol during the forward movement of said member caused by the gripping of the stock and means for causing the firing movement to be more rapid than the loading stroke.

17. An automatic pistol, comprising a frame, a stock carried thereby, a movable barrel for ejecting the cartridge and placing another therein, and firing it-by the movement of the barrel, and means operated by the continuous gripping of the stock for moving the barrel in both ydirections for causing one complete operation, the firing movement of the barrel being more rapid than the loading.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' JOHN O. CROY.

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