US1356884A - Typewriting-machine - Google Patents

Description

J. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1919.

Patented Oct. 26,1920,

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.l. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED umizs. 1919.

Patented 0613. 26, 1920.

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INVENTUR.

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1. PHELPS.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23, 1919.

1,356,884. Patented Oct. 26,1920.

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WITNESSES INVENTUR ML PW f@. M,

v HIS ATTURNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH PHELPS, OF BELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T REMINGTON TYPE- WRITER COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPEWRITING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPH PHELPS, citizen of the United States, anderesident of Belleville, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewrlting- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and it has for its object to effect certain improvements in the control of the can riage, especially with respect to securmg a uniform left-hand margin to the writing.

To the above and other ends my invention consists of certain features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts all of which will be set forth herein and particularly pointed out in the claims.

One form of my invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings all of which are on an enlarged scale and in which- Figure 1 is a fragmentary rear elevation of the escapement mechanism and some associated parts of a typewriting machine having my invention embodied therein. In this view all of the parts are in normal position except the stepping dog of the escapement which is shown in a false position in which it sometimes gets as will be explained here inafter.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the position the parts assume when the carriage is drawn back toward the operators right and in which the false position of the parts represented in Fig. 1 is corrected by my improvements.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of substantially the same mechanism as Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4- is a fragmentary top plan view of the dog rocker and its associated parts, a tooth of the escapement wheel and a tooth of the back spacing ratchet wheel being shown in section.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary front elevation of the escapement mechanism, the back spacing ratchet wheel being shown in section and the parts in normal position.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a pawl and lever constituting part of my improvements.

Fig. 7 is a view somewhat like Fig. 4 but showing the parts in the position that they occupy between the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 positions when the false relation of the escapement parts is in the act of being corrected.

- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 26, 1920. Application filed January 23, 1919.

Serial no. 272,682.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are perspective views of detached parts of the mechanism as viewed from a point in front of them.

* I have shown my invention embodied in mechanism and partly for the acommodation of certain tabulator mechanism not shown. In Figs. 1 and 2 are shown two ears 3, the purpose of which is to secure in place certain tabulator framework with which the present invention is not concerned. I

The machine to which my invention is here applied includes a set of front-strike type bars which operate a universal bar, which universal bar is connected with a link 4 that operates the escapement, said link 4: being moved toward the rear of the machine on the positive stroke of any type bar and returning towardthe front of the machine on the return stroke of the type bar. Of the carriage of the machine nothing is shown except the feed rack 5 which meshes with a feed pinion 6 whichis connected with the escapement mechanism and said carriage is normally drawn toward the operators left by means of a spring drum acting through a tape 7. I

The pinion 6 is fasten or integral with the forward end of a sleeve 8 which at its rear end has a ratchet wheel 10, and said sleeve is journaled on a shaft 11 which at its ends is journaled in a bracket 12 mounted on the top plate 1. At its rear end said shaft 11 has mounted thereon an escapement wheel 13, the details of said mounting including a hub 14 fastened on tO theshaft by set screws 15 and having a flange or disk 16 to which the toothed wheel 13 is secured by screws 17. A spring-pressed pawl 18 pivoted to thefront face of the disk 16 is adapted to engage internally the teeth of the wheel 10 in such wise that when the carriage is traveling toward the left said pawl positively turns the escapement wheel; but the carriage can be drawn back toward the right without turning the escapement wheel. The dog rocker 20 is pivoted on cone pivots 21 mounted in ears 22, Fig. 3, of a bracket 23 secured to the under side of the top platel. In many of its features this dog rocker is of the sort shown and claimed in the application of George A. Seib, Serial No. 118,607, filed Sept. 6, 1916. One of said features consists of an arm 24 fastened to the side of the dog rocker by a screw 25 and adjustable by means of a screw 26 and having one or more studs 27 and 28 projecting from its lower end,the stud 28' being the device to which is pivoted the link 4 that goes forward to the universal bar. In some forms of the Remington machine the stud 27is connected with the space bar. The dog rocker has two stop screws 30 and 31 to limit its motion in both directions, and a restoring spring 32. The upper part of the dog rocker is formed into a rigid bevel dog 33 and a. stepping dog 34 has an elongated hub 35, Fig. 4, by which it is pivoted on a pin 36 passing through the dog rocker and secured in place by a set screw 37. Said loose dog has an arm 38 to which is connected a restoring spring 40, which spring when it is free to act throws said dog against a stop 41 as shown in Fig. 1, but said dog is normally held by one of the teeth 42 of the escapement wheel against a stop 43 as shown in Fig. 5.

through the dog rocker and having a nut 45 thereon, this construction being for the purpose of adjustment. In Fig. 2, a portion of the dog rocker 20 is broken in order better to show the stop 41 and some of the associated parts. The dog rocker construction thus far described is as here shown substantially like that of the 'Seib application above referred to; but in the present instance the dog 34 has a short hub section 35 Fig. 8, which spaces said dog away from the flat face of the dog rocker 20, and the stop 41 has a reduced part 39, Fig. 9, next to said face, for a reason which will presently appear.

In the escapement described the parts normally stand as shownin Figs. 3, 4 and 5. When a character key or the space key is operated the lower end of the dog rocker is moved toward the rear and the upper part of said dog rocker toward the front of the machine, thus moving the stepping dog 34 out of engagement with the tooth 42 and the rigid dog 33 into engagement with said tooth. The stepping dog when moved out is immediately thrown over by its spring 40 against the stop 41 and when the space bar or universal bar returns to normal position and the upper part of the dog rocker moves toward the rear, said stepping dog moves back into the path of the next oncoming tooth 42 which strikes it and forces it back against the stop 43. As the carriage moves along step by step it will ultimately be arrested by a line lock stop, and it is the intention that the keys at this time be locked against operation, but as a matter of fact in The stop 41 consists essentially of the eccentric head of a bolt 44 passing either direction.

very rapid writing the dog rocker does sometimes get an extra operation after the carriage has been arrested. In that event the loose dog 34 will have been moved out of engagement with the lowermost tooth 42 and will have dropped back against its stop 41; but as the carriage has been arrested the escapement wheel will not. turn and when the dog rocker returns to normal position the dog 34 will be in the position shown in Fig. 1. If now the carriage be withdrawn toward the right until it is arrested by the margin stop and then be restored to the control of the escapement, it will happen if nothing be provided to prevent it, that the wheel will not stay in the position shown in comes down to lowermost position and the carriage will therefore take a false step so that if the margin stop had been set for letter space position, 10, for example, the carriage will as a matter of fact come to rest at letter space position 11 and that particular line of writing will not begin in conformity to the other lines on the page. The false position of the dog 34 and the resulting false step of the carriage can also be brought about under conditions of operation other than the one described, as for example by the operator striking a letter key or a space key after the carriage has begun its return motion. T have provided means to cure the defective operation mentioned.

In some prior constructions it has been sought to remedy the described defect by providing in addition to the feed dogs 33 and 34, a third or so-called margin dog which when the dog 34 is in the false position shown in Fig. 1 itself takes hold of the lowermost tooth 42 in place of said dog 34; but my invention involves a different principle in this respect, that instead of providing a substitute for the misplaced dog 34 1 provide means for correcting the relative positions of said dog and the escapement wheel. In the present instance this is done by moving said escapement wheel into proper relation to the dog 34. This can be done theoreticallyby moving the escapement wheel in Thus if said wheel be moved in clockwise direction in Fig. 1, that is to say, in the same direction that it turns vented means for moving the wheel in this way and said means are described and claimed in my application for Letters Patent filed Jan. 18, 1919, Sr. No. 271,797. In the present instance, however, I move the escapement wheel inthe opposite direction and force the lowermost tooth 42 in Fig. 1 backward past the misplaced dog 34 into the position shown in Fig. 2. My said recent application contains claims broad enough to cover both of these schemes. The present application contains no claim broad enough to read on the form of the invention shown in said recent application.

The invention in the form shown in the present instance includes a lever of the form shown in Figs. 6 and 8 where it will be seen that it comprises a horizontal arm 46 and a vertical arm 47. The lever is shown made of sheet metal and the two arms are connected by a yoke 48 and are pierced at 50 to receive a pivot screw 51 screwed through the dog rocker from the front and having a nut 52 on its rear end. The horizontal arm 46 of this lever lies, as will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4, against the front face of the dog rocker 20 and between said front face and the loose or stepping dog 34, which is spaced away from said front face for this purpose. At its end the arm 46 has an upturned finger 53 which as shown in Fig. 1 normally rests against the stop 43 and terminates a little to the left of and a little below the point of the lowermost tooth 42 of the escapement wheel. The construction is such that if the lever 46, 47 be rocked about its pivot this finger 53 will move upward and toward. the right in Fig. 1, engaging the tooth 42and forcing it toward the right as shown in Figs. 7 and 2. Each of said teeth 42 has its front face beveled as shown at 54 and the rear face of the dog 34 is beveled shown at When the finger 53 moves the tooth 42 toward the right the bevel 54 of the tooth engages the bevel 55 of the dog and cams said dog and with it the dog rocker toward the front of the machine, allowing the tooth 42 to pass to the right of the dog 34 and thus into the proper relation to said dog as shown in Fig. 2. The finger 53 is so located that it is always in the plane of the eseapement wheel, whether the dog rocker is in its normal position or in its operated position.

I have provided for automatically and positively operating the lever 46, 47 in the manner described by the return motion of the carriage. Said means includes a pawl 56 pivoted to the upper end of the arm 47 at 57 and provided with two ears 58 to limit the rocking motion of said pawl, said ears engaging the edges of the arm 47. The pawl 56 lies beneath the ratchet wheel 10 and it has a tooth 60 adapted for engagement with said ratchet wheel, said pawl being pressed up into engagement with said wheel by any suitable spring 61, that here shown being a plate spring fastened to the arm 47 and engaging in a notch in the pawl.

In the Remington machine the ratchet wheel 10 has two functions, namely, it is so shaped as to comprise what amounts to internalteeth for the engagement of the pawl 18 and it-also has external teeth 59, the abrupt faces 62 of which co5perate with a back spacing pawl not shown. I modify the form of these teeth so as to give them also abrupt faces 63 facing in the opposite direction from the faces 62 and it is these faces 63 that operate the tooth 60.

In operation when the carriage is drawn back toward the operators right as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 (which is a rear view) the tooth 59 that happens at the time to be in engagement with the tooth 60, moves toward the right in Figs. 1 and 2 forcing the arm 47 toward the right and the finger 53 upward and toward the right as has been described. It will be perceived that the lever 46, 47 is thus positively operated by the return motion of the carriage and that it is operated immediately the carriage begins its return motion, so that in case the loose dog is in the false position shown in Fig. 1 that position will be corrected as shown in Fig. 2 within the first letter space motion, or but little more than that, of the return motion of the carriage.

In order to cause the tooth 60 to run ou of the ratchet wheel 10 when the lever 46, 47 has been operated to a suiiicient extent, thepawl 56 is provided with an extension or finger '64 which when the parts reach the position shown in Fig. 2 comes against the under side of the ratchet wheel 10, and prevents further upward motion of the pawl 56, thus causing the tooth to run beyond the periphery of the ratchet wheel. The finger 64 is preferably curved in the arc of a circle having the same radius as the peripheries of the teeth 59 of the ratchet wheel.

In order tolimit the backward rotation of the escapement wheel 13, a detent is provided which for some of the purposes of my invention can be of any suitable kind, but I prefer to mount said detent on the dog rocker itself shown in the present instance. Sa-id detent, here numbered 65, consists of a pawl pivoted at 66 in a horizontal slot 69 cut in the upper edge of the dog rocker 20and pressed upward by a spring 67. compressed between the pawl and the bottoinof the slot 69, a nib 68 being made on the under side'of the pawl to prevent displacement of the spring. In order to limit the upward motion of the pawl the latter is made ofbell crank form having a depending arm 7 O which is normally pressed against the edge ofthe dog rocker 20 as shown in the drawings. As will be understood from Fig. 4 thedetent or pawl 65 is made wide enough so that it will'engage the teeth 42 in any position of-the dog rocker. Said detent preferably engages the same tooth 42 as the feed dog so that when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2 one of said teeth lies between the detent 65 on the one hand and the finger 53 and the loose dog 3 1 on the other. As here. shown the situation of the detent is such that when a tooth a2 is pressed back against it by the finger the stepping dog 3 1 can snap in in front of the tooth. The precise position of the loose dog at this time can be regulated by an adjustment of the stop 41. It will be perceived that the construction is such that, even if a key was operated during the reverse movement of the carriage, the members of the escapement would still come to their correct positions shown in Fig. 2.

lVhen the carriage has been drawn back and the parts have been brought to the Fig. 2 position and the carriage is then released and restored to the action of its driving spring and of the escapement mechanism, the power of said spring causes the escapement wheel 13 to turn in clockwise direction in Fig. 2, thus moving both the loose dog 34: and also the finger 53 back to normal position against the stop 43. The pivot 51 of the lever 46, 47 is so positioned and the finger 53 is of such dimensions that when said finger is back in its normal position against the stop 43 its upper end is just outside the circular path of the teeth 42.

It will be understood that whenever the carriage is pulled back toward the operators right, the parts move to the Fig. 2 position whether the stepping dog 34 was in its normal position at the time or was in its false position shown in Fig. 1, so that whether or not said stepping dog was in its proper position the escapement wheel at the time when the carriage is restored to the control of the escapement is always in the Fig. 2 position and the margin therefore always starts at the same letter space. It will also be observed that the correcting device including the lever 46, 47 is positively operated .in both directions. It is moved positively from its Fig. 1 to its Fig. 2 position by the ratchet wheel 10 acting on the tooth 60, and it is positively restored to normal position by an escapement wheel tooth acting'on the finger 53.

There is an advantage in mounting the detent on the dog rocker as against mounting it on the stationary framework in that it has a fixed relation to the feed dogs 33 and 341-. Where the detent is mounted on the stationary framework it has to be independently adjusted every time the escapement is changed, and this is frequently done by repair men who do not get the correct adjustment. It will also be noted that the detent 65 limits rather than prevents backward motion of the escapement wheel and some of the results obtained by my invention could not be obtained if this were not so.

The detent allows a tooth 42 of the escapement wheel to move backward far enough so that even when the dog 34 is in its positlon against the forward orstepping stop M the tooth is between said dog and the detent and so that even if the space key were operated at this time the dog 3% would come back into its proper relation to the tooth, which it would not do if said tooth had been held by the detent in its normal or Fig. 1 position.

At the time mentioned the stepping dog has made its step with the backward rotation of the wheel, and since it cannot step farther, even if a key be struck at this time the dog of necessity must return in the same relation to its engaged tooth that it had before the wheel turned backward and thatit had be fore the key was struck; and hence no toothspace is lost under the condition described when the wheel and the dogresume normal working positions. t will also'be perceived that this result would not be obtained were it not for the fact that the detent 65 is wide enough and so situated as to control the tooth 42 whether the dog rocker be in its normal or in its operated position. In other words, if a key be struckwhen the parts are in the Fig. 2 position and the carriage is moving toward the operators right, the detent does not lose control of the tooth. So far as I am aware this detent G5 is the first in the art that combines all three of these advantages, and it is necessary to combine all three of them in order to get the results mentioned.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement without departing from my invention.

What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combina tion with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel and feed dogs, of a finger positively operated by the reverse motion of the carriage and acting to position said wheel. 7

2. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage and an escapement wheel, of a dog rocker having feed dogs, a finger mounted on said'dog rocker, and means operated by the return motion of the carriage to move said finger into engagement with said wheel to position the latter.

3. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling. mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, an d a dog rocker, of a lever normally free of the escapement wheel, and means operated by the return movement of the carriage for moving said lever into engagement with said wheel, said lever thereupon moving said wheel to a definite position.

4:. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a dog rocker having steed dogs thereon, of a detent mounted on said dog rocker, and a device also mounted on said dog rocker and movable by the return motion of the carriage and acting when so moved to press a tooth of said wheel into engagement with said detent.

5. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage-and a ratchet wheel 10 rotated by the travel of said carriage in both directions, of a lever having a pawl thereon for engagement with said ratchet wheel to be operated by the reverse rotation thereof and said lever thereupon acting on said wheel to position the same.

6. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, a ratchet wheel 10 rotated by the travel of said carriage in both directions, and an escapement wheel, of a pawl 56 operated by the reverse rotation of said ratchet wheel, and means operated by said pawl for controlling the position of said escapement wheel.

'7. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a detent for limiting the reverse motion of saidwheel, of means positively operating to force a tooth of said wheel to move back against said detent.

8. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a dog rocker, of means mounted on said dog rocker and operated by the return movement of the carriage for moving said wheel to definite position.

9. In a typewriting machine and in car-. riage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel, and a stepping dog, of a pawl 56 normally idle but operated by the return movement of the carriage, and means positively operated by said pawl for establishing a definite relation between said wheel and said dog.

10. In a typewriting machine and in car-- riage controlling mechanism, the combina tion with a power driven carriage having a feed rack 5, a pinion 6, a ratchet wheel 10 operated by said feed rack, and an escapement wheel positively operated by said pinion 6 in one direction but not in the other, of means positively operated by said ratchet wheel 10 for controlling said escapement wheel during the return movement of the carriage. I

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement mechanism, a correcting device therefor, and a pawl-and-ratchet mechanism connected to the carriage and adapted to cause said correcting device to force one of the escapement members into proper relationship with its mate should they be disarranged, said pawl thereupon ceasing to act.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combinationof a carriage, an escapement mechanism,'a pivoted correcting finger, a pivoted pawl connected to said finger, and a ratchetwheel for said pawl operatively connected to said carriage.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement mechanism, a two-armed vibratory device, one arm of which constitutes a correcting finger, a pawl pivoted on the other arm, and means operatively connected with the carriage to engage said pawl and cause the said finger to operate upon the escapement mechanism and perform its correcting function during a movement of the carriage.

14:. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a power driven carriage, an escapement wheel and a feed dog, of means operated by the return motion of the carriage through a plurality of letter spaces for moving only a single tooth of said wheel from one side of said dog to the other.

15. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with a carriage, an escapement wheel, and a feed dog, of a correcting device acting to move a tooth of said escapement wheel from one side of said dog to the other.

16. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with an escapement, of a ratchet wheel turnedby the movement of the carriage, a pawl operated by said ratchet wheel, means to cause said pawl to run out of said wheel after a definite movement, and an escapemenilz-correcting device operated by said paw I 17. In a typewriting machine and in carriage controlling mechanism, the combination with an escapement wheel of a detent for limiting backward rotation of said wheel, a dog rocker on which said detent is mounted, and a stepping dog on said dog rocker, said detent allowing a backward motion of said tooth to as great an extent as that of the stepping motion of said stepping dog and said detent being so situated and of such a width as to control said tooth in both the normal and the operated positions of said dog rocker.

18. In an escapement mechanism, the combination with a toothed escapement wheel, a power driven rack and a pinion for turning the same, of a Spring-pressed stepping dog and a detent, both in position for engagement with the same tooth of the es-. capement wheel, the stepping dog being normally in engagement with the face of: a

tooth of said wheel, and said stepping dog Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city E being adapted to turn said tooth backwardly of New York, in the county of New York 10 less than a full tooth space when the rack and State of New York this 21st day of Janis lifted and the escapement wheel released, nary, A. D. 1919.

whereby at the conclusion of said backward JOSEPH PHELPS. rotation the same escapement wheel tooth 1 Vitnesses: is confined between the stepping dog and the CHARLES E. SMITH,

detent. V E. M. WELLS.

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