US1352050A - Governing fuel-pump - Google Patents

Description

' A. F. CHRISTMAS, GOVERNING FUEL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.28, 1918.

Patented Sept. 7, 1920 n w a ADOLPH IF. CHRISTMAS, OF.EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND PATENT OFFICE.

COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

GOVERNING FUEL-PUMP.

naaaoao.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. '7, 1920.

Application filed September 28, 19181" Serial No. 256,129.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ADoLrH F CnRIs'r- MAS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Easton, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Governing F uel-Pumps, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel pump andv The objects of the present invention are to provide a fuel pump for internal combustion engines which will accurately control and vary the amount of fuel required on each stroke, to provide a pump that will always start pumping the fuel at exactly the desired point in the stroke of the engine and will continue the pumping until just a suflicient amount of oil has been admitted into the combustion chamber after which the remaining amount of oil displaced by the pump plunger will be by-passed back into the fuel supply. Another object of the invention is to provide-a fuel pump for internal combustion engines which will be very sensitive to variations in the position of the governor and that will be simple, rugged and not easily put out of order.

with the above and other objects view my invention consists in the features of construction and operation set forth inthe following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, in which I Figure 1 shows a top plan View of the pump; and I Fig. 2, a vertical section taken longitudinally of the pump.

Referring more particularly to the figures of the drawing, 1 refers to the body portion of the injecting pump provided with a plunger or piston 2 operating within a cylinder 3 provided within the body portion 1. The cylinder at one end is provided with valve cages 4 in which are placed balls 5 acting as discharge valves for the fuel liquid and above the cylinder 3 the valve cages 4 connect with a fuel discharge pipe 6 leading to the point of injection which may be in the form of an injection nozzle placed within the combustion chamber. of the combustion engine. Below the cylinder 3 the body portion 1 is provided with a plurality of valve seats 7 against which rest the balls 8 serving as suction valves for the pump, below which is the fuel supply pipe 7.

The plunger 2 is operated within the cylinder'3 by means of a cam 9 rigidly fastened to the shaft 10 to which is attached the crank arm 11. At the free end of crank arm 11 a connecting rod 12 is pivotally attached, the opposite end of which is in attachment main shaft of the engine (not shown) by means of which it is given a movement in synchronism with the rotation of the main shaft and thus the plunger is forced forwardly into the cylinder 3 once for each revolution of the crank shaft ofthe engine. The plunger 2 is guided in its movements within the cylinder 3' by means of a head 13 slidably fitted within a portion ofa bracket member. 14 securely fastened to the body portion 1 by any well known means.

The above described mechanism provides a pump which will always pump the same amount of fuel with eachstroke of the plunger 2. Also, the arrangementof the cam 9 is such that a portion of its movement does with an eccentric or cam mounted on the not aflect the movement of the plunger 2,

the plunger remaining stationary until a point is reachedin the path of movement of the cam as shown in Fig. 2at which point the velocity of the cam is at a maximum and at which point the pump begins its forward stroke. The displacement of the plunger 2 within the cylind'erB at each stroke is equal to or greater than the maximum amount of fuel required for one power stroke of the engine. In order to permit the amount of fuel pumped to be varied an extra valve 15 independent of the suction and discharge valves of the pumps 5 and 8 respectively is provided conveniently located within a portion of or extension to the cylinder 3. This valve 15 may also be of the ball type having its seat provided in the body portionl, as shown at 16. A spring 17 normally presses against the ball 15 and holds it securely against its seat so that all the fuel pumped by the plunger 2 must pass valve 15 remains closed.

out of the pump past nected to-a movable member of a governor the rod 18. The cam ing movement of the cylinder.

is by-passed l charged through (not shown) so that with variations in the speed of the engine the position of the lever 19 is varied. Depending is a wedge shaped finger 22, so placed that itslower end is located directly in front of 9 is provided with an extension 23 in which a plunger 2 1 is adapted to be retained and held in its forward position by means of a spring 25 and held from being forced'out of its cavity of nuts 26. Movement of the cam 9 with its projection 23 causes the plunger 9A to impinge upon the wedge 22 which in turn forces the rod 18 to the right and unseats the valve 15. It is obvious that with the wedge 22 in different positions the valve 15 will be unseated at different points in the movement of cam 9 and consequently in different points in the stroke of the plunger 2. The function for the plunger 21 is merely to permit the continued movement of the cam 9 after the valve 15 has been unseated. The-spring 25 is provided ofsufficient resistance to unseat'the valve 15 without causplunger 2 1 within its As soon as the valve. 15 is unseat'ed fuel contained within the cylinder 3 through valve 15 into a pipe 27 through which it is passed back into the source of supply and no further fuel is disvalves 5.into the combustion chamber. For starting the engine a lever 23 is provided shown in dotted lines in Fig, 2 fitted to turn about the shaft 10 and operate acam 2.9 to move the plunger 2 forwardly to deliver a charge of fuel to the combustion chamber. 7

From the above it will be seen that a fuel pump has been provided which will pump a variable amount of fuel dependent upon the location of the movable members of the D u speeds of the engine.

the discharge valves the valve seat 16 to I rom the lever 19 by means,

.vary the amount of overnor and consequently sensitive to the It is to be understood that the present showing and description disclose only one specific embodiment ofthe present invention and that other forms and modifications are,-

included within-the spirit and scope of the invention, as expressed in the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a fuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger adapted to reciprocate within a cylinder to force motive fluid from a source of supply into a combustion chamber, means for actuating said plunger a b pass valve normally held closed, a devic operatively connected to the plunger actuating means for opening the bypass valve,

and means controlled by a governor for controlling the opening of said by-pass valve at variable points toward the end of the stroke of the plunger to vary the amount of fuel admitted to the combustion chamber.

2. In a fuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger adapted to reciprocate within a cylinder to force motive fluid from a source of supply into a combustion chamber, means for actuating the said plunger, a spring closed .valve and means operatively connected to said plunger actuating means and controlled by agovernor to open said valve to by-pass a portion of the fuel and fuel supplied to the combustion chamber.

l 3. In afuel pump for internal combustion engines, a plunger operating within a cylinder to force fuel oil into an internal combustion enginefa'valve normally held closed and located within a portion of said cylinder, means for ii'peratingsaid plunger and means under the control of a governor to open.said valve at variable points toward the end of the stroke of the plunger without stopping the engine.

1; In a fuel pump for intefnal combustion engines, a plunger operating within a cylin der to force fuel oil into said engine, a bypass valve normally held closed during the early portion of the stroke of the plunger and means under the control of a governor to open said valve near the end of the stroke of the plunger to bypass a portionof the fuel pumped without stopping the engine.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set roe

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