US1351471A - Wall system - Google Patents

Description

W. H. DRABERS.

WALL SYSTEM. APPucATlon msn rialzi. 1919.

1,35 1,471 A Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

QNX Q Imntox WILLIAM H. DRAEERS.

W. H. DRABERS.

WALL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILEVD FEB. 2f. i919.

Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

gimnasia:

nrnegs WaLLlAM H. DRABERS hollow walls orv solid walls if desired it is T 0 all whom it may concer/1i.'

WILLIAM II. nBABERs, or iILEs, `oIIIOQ Y rial and more particularly tobu'ilding'blocks y and walls constructed thereby. f

The present invention especially relates to building tiles'or blocks of such constii'ic--r tion and design and' proportion that by their use an interbonded and ventilated wall struc# ture may be erected, it being an 'object o' the `giresent invention to' provide a building block having such characteristics of design and other. novel eatiires'aswill: enable the production of the blocks-in quantity at' com"-v pai'atively small cost so as to compete `with the cost oi construction of buildings having another object of the invention to vprovide a building block having integral, interlocking means which also serve for the purpose ot facilitating the alinenient of the blocls'and the rapidity of erection of a wall and fui'- ther object of theinvention is to provide a block of cordinate lgroup of interrelated blocks which'not only provide Vi'or the ready erection of the wall but also'proif'ide tor the ro ei" ventilation ofthewall. An impor# Y tantobiecto the invention isto provide" a buildingblock or. tile of such characteristics as willv enable the erectionoi a substantial wall with proper' interbonding and will materially reduce the quantity oi" plastic bondy wliieh there is shown1 embodiments ing orcementitious material in the processes of constructin of the wall.

With these and other object s'in will be Amanifest to' those' versed in the 1 art the invention `consists in the "construtioiiy thecombin'atio'n and in details and'arrange-l ments :of the parts as more particularlyset foithjfin the following specification 'with'relation` to the Aaccompanyiiig drawing in of thj'evention'. In the*if'lrawiiigs:A A f Figure 1 .is a'planfview of a portion of a wall inthe :course of cnstiiict'ionA4 the view being taken looking toward the top of the,

WALL sYsfiEM. g spiiieation of Leiter/sinken@ Patented Appueat'oiiiea Februaryeigeia fsvefriaiiiafmsjszs.

the center aperture. Fig. '5 i s 'a `perspective view'o a hollow block "or tile broken away toshow the stop'.

viewv as.

v`Fig. 2 is a` detaill vertical sectionthrough the v'Wall shown ini lFig. 1f on the 'iriegu'laijv line 2-A2, the blocks being vrepresented Vin normal position or withv their'bottoms lower'- Fig." 3 is transverse, *ver '4t is a pers'p'ectiveview of one form blockor brick partly `broken awayfto "sl'iow.

tube"Xteldlg-.hfough'the center to torinaV terial.'l Y Fig. 6 is a plan view of a slightly modified v fornioifthe ribvarrangement'of a block. v v

7i s a' plan'showing 'hovvfjoists are vconnected to the wall structure.

Figs@ and 9 showingunr walroinfs.,

Fig-l 4, which is a perspective `viewl Q Qneof the course blocks'or tiles whichgisgenerally indicated Vvby thenumeral `2, the block 1 ob-f viously f being .of anyv suitablev dimensionsandofthedesiredshapeaccording to the A. Y

relative'A position it finight havejn 'a' wall The system' of formation ofymyimproved i vtile or blockLT quite plainly illustrated in .t Y

construction-'and' obviously while4 it isffshownj v figured according to' Vthe requirements of its POStOn- Thebik 2 'im Fi'gss shown inperspective position 'sol` that, its `top 3' is yviewed -andliasextending rparallel to each @1bleien.formemehrisotherme,en;V f

@themed lengthwise ofthe bieck te@ pairs l f'theb'eads,horizontalIand longitu dinal ygrooves ori channel ways 5:. '"At one end "of the brick or `block the beads 4 eitend f block between* each brought jifitoijuxtapiositn tiefe wiii be forista a attentif space artheeends'oi 'f with vertical air passages 8 extending from the top to the bottom of the brick and here shown as at the central portion thereof. The end of the block 2 opposite to the end havingthebeads 6 6 is shown as provided with` vertical recesses or slots 9 which are of a depth 'somewhat gieater than the height of f the beads 6 from the endof the brick and are also of a width somewhat greater than the width of the beads so that in the construction of a wall shown for instance in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the bricks may be assembled with Vrapidity and accuracy without the fracturing of the ends owing to jamming or locking of theinterengaging complementary projections at the walls ofthe slots 9. Also the Yend lof the block or brick having the Y, slots 9 is provided with vertical air passages 10 disposed in arvertical` planewhich lies blocks, these grooves "with thefcordinate shoulders or beads 4l of the underlying blocksl thus facilitating ythe proper alinement of thebricks in theerection of the wall as Well also as providing-for the proper spacing of the blocks vertically one above the other and providing for the uniform horizontal vfilling spaces 12 provided at the front of th'e'wall Fig. 3, and which spaces may be closed with a suitable plastic material to give the desired brick exterior Y linishto thecoinpleted wall.v There is therefore formed between the horizontal and adjacent facesof vthe vblocks orbric'ks as they are laid'fin the wall, horizontally extending f and` substantially continuous air spaces `5 which at/suitable intervalscommunicate with vertical air spaces 8 extending vertically through the center-of the blocks and y alsovwith theair spaces- 13 Vformed betweenV the -endfacesiofblocks when these lends are juxtaposed in staggered relation over the centralvents or the openings S. Y

; For thepuipose of providing for the re-V ception of suitable vertical reinforcing rods j 4, Figs. 1.', 2 and3, each ofthe blocks of Y the'type illustrated in -Fig.:4. is provided atA its longitudinal and transverse center v with ahole liwhilethe ends-of the block yare provided with vertical grooves 1T which are designed to register when the ends of one pair o f bricks are arranged in assembledgvposition, vertically.. over the -central' aperture 1 .6f'of aY brick as shownV in Fig.3.

i. These apertures 16 and f thefgrooves 17 therefore not only form a vertical, continui" ous passage way forthe reception; offthe foesl. Vre'EHfOrf-fine .the Wall bei .they also forma continuous vertical space for the.

reception of the cementitious plasterv or binding material represented at 18 Fig. 3 which may also flow horizontall as at 19 vin Figs. 1 rand 2 into the space ormed'be- "tween the innermost and adjacent-of the ridges or beads '4; yalong the bottoms'offtheJ bricks in a course. It Will be seen there- `fore that I have provided for the thorough interbonding of the kwall by the viow o f cement or plaster vertically and longitudinally at vthe central plane longitudinallyV of the wall and yet have the plaster prevented v lf desired-the upper, outer corners of thel blocks may be beveled outwardly and downwardly as at 19 to simulate certain brick forms and also to facilitate the shedding of water from the wall joints.

As clearly shown iny Fig. 1 the corner block 2 is illustrated as having one of its longitudinal faces made the counterparts as at 2 of an end ofthe adjacent brickV having the projecting beads 6 so that a proper endjoint and interlocking maybe made between the bricks at the corner ofthe wall and also provide for the continuation ofithe'horizontal and vertical air passages at the courses of the bricks at the location of a wall corner. And further to provide for the reception of a vertical reinforcement as at 15 at the corner; obviously the corner bricks will. be made rightand lefthand to provide for theproper construction of a wall: when bricks ofthe system designed are utilized. In Fig. 6 there is shown a slightly Vmodified form of the brick in which plaster is prevented from flowing the entire length of the top central space or channel 19 by the provision `of suitable transverse stops 19a thus in this manner malao terially conservingin the amount of Vplaster y or cement utilized in the bonding of the wall and yet securing a very eliicientinterlocking of the bricks jin their courses during the construction of the wall by permitting a part of the plaster to liow Ahorizontally into the space` untilv limited by the transverse stops 19a.

In Fig.. 5 the same general system in- Y Y volved in the construction ofthe block but the vblock is illustrated as being of vrlarger proportions and is made hollow. But it is of plastic material vinto thev chamber C of,

isn

the hollow block 2*. The ends `have half joists orbea'ms 25 Fig. land this I accomplish by providing some of the bricks or blocks or the system or consctruction'vvitli notches 26 designed to receive the vinterposed end of the joist or beam 25 which may i' desired be provided With vertical interlocking beads 27 designed to enter comple-f mentar-y recesses 28 formed in the side Walls Ycoinmunicating 'air` channels Vand a cen'h tral continuous, intercommunicating cement channel.v Y

ci notch 26.

ln case it should be desired to provide for the` ventilation of a room or chamber' at some portion oi the Wall this may be ac-l Y complished by having certain of the bricksy or blocks provided with transverse air vents Y as shown i'or instance in'Fig. l at 30.- These vents provide forv the inlet or outlet'ofthe.

airlioiving through the air chamber or passages 5 atthe inside or outside of the Wall. Itis manifest, ofcourse, that the shape,

'size and arrangement of the various interlocking arrangements of the blocks may be altered, changed,A and modified as the exi-V gencies may require and that the bricks or blocks may. as above suggested be made 'of the desired shape or contour to provide for their proper placement in thevvall accord'- -ing to the characteristic feature or structural essential in the Wall as for instance Where the Wall may be made in the `form of v a curve either when the Wall isset vertically or is in the form of an arch set horizontally and again the block might be designed in the form of a Wedge to assume itsproper position in anarch all of which vmodifications are so obvious as to be unnecessary of illustration. v v

l7l/*hat l claim is:

i y 1. Y A buildingblock having on each o-two faces, a plurality oitv beads and on the op.-

, j posed iaces mating butsh'alloiv grooves, said Y f uous intercommunicating yvertical andhoribeads constituting the side Walls of contini zontal cement channels and continuous intercommunicating Vvertical and, horizontal air channels.

Y 2. A building block having` a plurality of` ture.` y

of mating but slialloWer grooves on the bottom and otherend, `said beads constituting the sidewalls of favcentral cement channel y and. of air channels exterior, andI on veach side of said cement channel, Y

fi ieckaeachrbioekf 3. A Wall constructed provided Vwith parallel beads andinating but shalloiver grooves, said beadsfof .one block.engaging said groovesV oran adJacent block and yconstituting the'side Walls ora j plurality of independent, continuous, inter- 4. 'Afvvall constr'uctekd'in courses and comprising building blocks, each of which has onv one ace=more`than two ribs extending horizontally parallel'yvith the Wall and ad like number of correspondingly located grooves on the oppositeface, the ribs beingy of aheight v greater than then depth of the grooves, saidribs constituting the side Walls of independent and continuous airy channels on each side of a continuous central cement channel.

5. A Wall-constructed in courses andV com`` central: cement channel.

6. A Wall comprising a plurality blocksv having beads and mating but shallovver` grooves ongtheir adjacent faces and ends,-ig

saidbeads forming the side Wallsof a central' and iianking channels, said channelsff l being continuous and 'intercommunicating having cementitious bi'nderifillingv said ycentral channel. f 'i `f In vtestimony VWiLLniivijii.i'pitiiann'sy.

vprising' building blocks, each 'of Whichfhas y on one lface and end more than two ribs, 'each facean-dend ribv lying in a Yverticali plane and a like number` of grooves inthe' oppositeiac'e aiidend, correspondingly 11o- 1 f cated, said ribs `constituting the lside Walls of independent continuous and intercom-v municating vertical and horizontal air chan- Y nels andl a continuous intercommunicatingA vvertical and horizontal centralcement channel andv a' 'cementitiousv material iilling said y -Y whereofl my 'signaj

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