US1239067A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

C. M. YATES.

CONDENSEB.

APPLICATION FILED DC. 24| 1915. l ywo Patentedgepi. 4, 19W.

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CHARLES M. YATES, OE MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CI-IALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCCNSN, A CORPORATION OE DELAWARE.

CONDENSER.

condenser which is simple in construction` and efficient in operation. One ofthe more specific objects of the invention is to provide a jet condenser of the high vacuum -f type in which the injection water is uniformly distributed in the condenser zone to produce rapid and eective condensation of the steam. Another object is to provide an eflicient jet condenser of large capacity in which the injection water is effectively delivered into and distributed in the condensing Zone by gravity. i A further object is to provide means for effectively injecting cooling water into all portions of the condensing zone of relatively large jet condensers. A further object is to provide a high vacuum jet condenser which will retain maximum efficiency throughout a considerable range of operating conditions.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the various views. y

Figure 1 is a fragmentary transverse vertical section through a jet condenser having the invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the inner casing which forms the condensing Zone of the condenser.

The condenser comprises essentially a vertical cylindrical outer casing 6 having a steam inlet 1 at the upper end thereof7 a water inlet 2 at the side thereof near the top of the outer casing, an air outlet 3 somewhat below the water inlet 2, and a water outlet, not shown, `near the lower end of the casing. Whilethe casing 6 is disclosed as comprising several detachable sections, this construction is not essential. The inner casing Specification of Letters Patent.

5 comprises a perforated annular upper wall forming a condensing zone and having a downwardly extending constricted portion forming an outlet i leading from the condensing zone. The mid portion of' the casing 5 is provided with an outwardly eX- tending flange which is secured to an annular wall 15 the lower extremity of which engages an upper surface of the casing 6 and provides a support for the inner casing The annular wall 15 besides forming a support for the casing 5, for-ms a water distributing pocket surrounding the lower portion of the perforated upper end of the casing 5.

The annular upper wall of the casing 5 is provided with several circular series of perforations or orifices 12, 13, 1li, arranged one above the other and opening directly into the condensing zone. rfhe orifices 12 of the upper series open into inwardly eX- tending troughs l2, which are secured to the casing 5 and have their inner ends opening toward the center of the condenser. The orifices l2 of the upper series may be made larger' and fewer in number than those of the intermediate series 13, while the orifices 13 of the intermediate series may be made larger and fewerin number than the orifices 14 of the lowermost series. The orifices of the adjacent series are preferably arranged out of vertical alinement with each other, thus giving them a staggered relation to each other. The upper extremity of' the perforated annular wall 5 is provided with a series of inwardly extending open troughs 11, which in the present disclosure are arranged substantially radially. Each of the troughs 11, 112, is provided with perforations or orifices 18, 19, respectively, opening directly into the condensing zone. The troughs 11 of the upper series are preferably arranged out of vertical alinement with the troughs 42 of the lower series. The orifices 12, 13, 14;, and troughs 11 are preferably made of such size and number that each series will tend to deliver substantially the same amount of cooling water to the condensing zone that an adjacent series delivers.

The central portions of the condensing zone is provided with a vertical casing 9 having superposed series of orifices 2O opening directly into the condensing zone. The

Patented Sept. 4l, 191%. Application filed December 24, 1915. Serial No. 68,934. I

openings 2O are so arranged that they will I inject water into the condensing zone away from the center thereof. The openings 20 of successive series are preferably arranged out of vertical alinement, thus giving them a staggered relation to each other. The casing 9 is supported from the wall 15 and casing 5 by means of pipes 8 which also serve to admit injection water to the interior of the casing 9 from the water inlet 2.

The steam inlet 1 of the casing 6 is arranged in linewith the upper portion of the casing 5 and also serves as an inlet to the condensing Zone. `The water inlet 2 con` nects with an annular passage 22 which surrounds the annular wall l5. The annular bafile wall 16 extends downwardly from the cover of the casing 6 and forms an annular air pocket 23 at the extreme upper end of the condenser. The constricted lower portion of the casing 5 which forms the outlet 4, projects downwardly into the collection chamber at the bottom of the casing 6 to a point adjacent the air inlet 3. The casing 6 andconstricted outlet portion of the casing 5 coact to form an annular air pocket 10 for non-condensable vapors, which communicates directly with the air outlet 3. The lower central portion of the outlet 4 is provided with a hood 7 supported from the lower constricted portion of the casing 5, the interior of which connects directly with the pocket 10 through the pipe 21. The air pocket 10 is connected with the air pocket 23 at the upper end of the condenser bymeans of a series of pipes 17.

During the normal operation of the device, the exhaust steam flowing at high velocity is admitted to the condensing zone within the casing 5 through the steam inlet 1. The injection water admittedl through the water inlet 2 fiows around the annular distributing passage 22 and into the space directly adjacent the perforated wall of the casing 5. As the injection water flows through the orifices 12, 13, 14, and the troughs 11, 42, it is delivered by gravity into.-

the condensing Zone and toward the center thereof in the form of streams.

Some of the water entering the troughs 1l, 42, is precipitated longitudinally into the condensing zone through the orifices 18, 19, while the remainder of the water pass ing through these troughs is delivered over the inner ends thereof to points near the center of the .condensing zone. A portion of the water admitted into the distributing passage 22 passes through the pipes 8 into the interior of the casing 9, fromwhich it is delivered through the orifices 20 in the form of streams directed away from the centerof. the condensing zone. As the steam admitted through `the inlet 1 passes Y rangement of the troughs 11, 42, and the orifices 12, 13, 14, 20, to take acircuitous path between the streams flowing from these orifices and troughs. Due to the great number and the staggered relation of the streams of water admitted to the condensing zone, the steam is quickly condensed and the mixture of water and non-condensable vapors is delivered to the chamber at the loWer end of the casing 6, through the outlet 4. The mixture of water and non-condensable vapor thus delivered to the lower portion of the casing 6 is discharged from this casing in the usual manner. Some of the non-con densable vapors escaping fromv the mixture rise into the hood 7 and pocket 10, from which they are withdrawn through the air outlet 3.

The provision of the walls 15, 16, insures perfect distribution of the injection water to all portions of the condensing zoneand prevents local injectionof a greater portion of the water to one side of the condensing zone. The air pipes 17 and the pipe 21 permit ready withdrawal by the air pump of any 'vapors which may gather in the pocket 23 and the hood 7. The portion of the casing 5 which forms the outlet 4 is preferably so formed that the streams of water delivered through the lower orifices 14, substantially follow the contour of this portion of the casing; On account of the difference in head of the water delivered to the troughs 11, 42, and the orifices 13, 14. respectively, it will be noted that thestreams delivered through the lower orifices 14 `will tend to pass inwardly to a greater extent than those delivered from the upper orifices. In order to prevent excessive-inward travel of the lowermoststreams, the lower-portion of the perforated wall ofthe easing 5 is formed downwardly diverging.

In order to prevent they formati-on of a dead space in cond'ensersof`l relatively large size in which non-condensable vapors might collect and into which no injection water is projected, the centra-l perforated casing 9 is provided. llhilfe the 'troughs 11, 42", tend' to eliminate the formation of' such dead space, the casing 9 and orifices 20 will positively prevent its formation. of water delivered fromthe orifices 18, 19; 20, coperate with' the streams delivered from the ends of the troughsL and fromy the lower orifices 13, 14, and produce a maximum amount of coo-ling water surface.

It is desirable inthe operation ofthe condenser to have the` injection water iiow through the orifices andtroug-hs under the impelling influence vof gravity and hydro*- static head' only, and' with the condenser operating at full load to have'4 substantially the samey quantity of coolingwater entering thel condensingzone through eachseries of orifices inthe casing 5. TheseV results'are' at@ The streamsk rascher tained by the use of the present invention. While the troughs 1l, 42, have been disclosed as formed integral with the casing 5, such construction is not essential.

It 4should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-

l. In combination, a casing forming a condensing zone, means for injecting water horizontally into said zone toward the center thereof, means for injecting water horizontally into said zone away from the center thereof, a steam inlet to said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

2. In combination, a casing forming a condensing zone and having orifices opening horizontally into one portion of said zone, a second casing having orifices opening horizontally into another portion of said zone, means for injecting water into said zone through said orifices, a steam inlet leading to said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

3. In combination, a casing forming a con densing zone and having orifices opening into one portion of said zone, a plurality of troughs having orifices opening into another portion of said zone, a second casing having orifices opening into another portion of said zone, means for injecting water into said zone through said orifices, a steam inlet leading to said zone, and an outlet from said zone. j

4. In combination, a vertical casing forming a condensing zone, means for injecting water horizontally into said zone toward the center thereof, means for injecting water horizontally into said zone away from' the center thereof, means for injecting water into said zone longitudinally thereof, a steam inlet to said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

5. In combination, a vertical cylindrical casing forming a condensing zone, means for injecting streams of Water radially and horizontally into said zone toward the center thereof, means for injecting streams of water radially and horizontally into said zone away from the center thereof, a steam Copies of this patent may be obtained for of said casing,

inlet adjacent the upper end of said casing, and an outlet adjacent the lower end of said casing.

6. In combination, means forming an an nular condensing zone free from structural elements, means for injecting water into said zone toward the axis of annularity, means for injecting water into said zone away from said axis, a steam inlet into said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

7. In combination, means forming a vertical annular condensing zone free from structural elements, means for injecting horizontal streams of water into said zone to ward the axis of annularity, means for injecting horizontal streams of water into said zone away from saidaxis, a steam inlet adjacent the .upper end of said zone, and an outlet adjacent the lower end of said zone.

8. In combination, means forming an annular condensing zone and having oppositely directed orifices opening into said zone, a plurality of troughs having orifices opening into said zone, means for injecting water into said zone through said orifices, a steam inlet leading to said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

9. In combination, means forming an annular condensing zone and having oppositely directed orifices opening into said zone transversely of the axis of annularity, means having orifices opening into said zone in the direction of said axis, means for injecting water into said zone through said orifices, a steam inlet leading to said zone, and an outlet from said zone.

10. In combination, a casing forming a vertical annular condensing zone and having radial oppositely directed orifices opening into said zone, a plurality of troughs having orifices opening into said zone, means for injecting water into said zone through said orices, a steam inlet adjacent the upper end and an outlet adjacent the lower end of said casing.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto.

CHARLES M. YATES.

Witnesses:

W. N. KEY, Y v, A. P. CHALKER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, 1D. G.

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