US1214298A - Reinforced-concrete railroad-tie. - Google Patents

Description

l.. GREEN.

REINFORCED CONCRETE RAILROAD TIE.

APPLICATmN FILED JUNE 12. 1913.

.. GREEN.

REINFORCED CONCRETE RAILROAD TIE.

APPLICATION FILED IUIIE I2, .1913.

Paiated Jan. 30, M317.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. GREEN.

REINFORCED CONCRETE RAILROAD TIE.

vAPPLILATION FILED JUNE l2. 1913.

muted Jan@ 30, 19W.

sHEETs-SHEET 3.

Figure il.

Figure i2. y

Figure a L. @Izm REINFORCED CONCRETE RAILROAD TIE.

APPLICATION FILED )UNE I2, 1913. l n, Patented 32m. 30, 191x.

Figure 18 L. GREEN.

REINFOHCED CONCRETE RAI'LRAU iE.

Patente@ '305 mi?.

:TIT:

APPLECATION FILED JUNE 12, i913.

L. GREEN. RElNFORCED CONCRETE HALRAD TIE.

am. 39, El?,

APPLCATION FILED JUNE l2, i913.

Patene no ou )LOL'S GREEN, OF LONDGN, ENGLAND.

RENFOBGEIl-CQNCRETE RALRO-TX.

vfpeciication of Letters Patent. Paenjg@ Jana 3Q?? Pg Application filed. June 12, 1913. Serial No. 773, 78. J

To all whom z', may concern.'

Be it lrnown that lf, Louis GREEN, civil engineer, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at 172 Palace Chambers, Bridge street, London, England, have invented a certain new and useful Reinforced- Goncrete Railroad-Tie, of which the following is a specification.

'lhis invention relates to the method of supporting and holding down the rails forming the permanent way of railways, tramways, tramroads and the like, and consists in the application and combination of various forms of cast iron, wrought iron or steel and concrete as hereinafter specified for the production of an elastic and durable sleeper rail bearer or carrier, and the arrangement and combination of certain devices or means for securing the rails to the same-more especially (o) The use of cast iron, Wroughtiron and steel plates or chairs bent or molded int-o vsuitable forms, among others, those shown on the drawings hereto appended, for the purpose of carrying the rails and securing them to the sleepers, either rigidly by the plate being in Contact with the sleeper, or elastically by the plate being some disy tance away from the sleeper so that the plate Cri may .act as a spring between the rail and the sleeper as may be required, and the like.

(o) The combination of parts consists of cast iron, Wrought "iron or steel and concrete to form an independent support or sleeper under each rail, in the mannei; now effected by cast iron pot sleepers or plate sleepers,

and the two supports or sleepers being connected by a. tie-rod (or other device) to keep the rails to gage.

(c) The special form of reinforcement for combining the cast iron, wrought iron or steel plates with the concrete which may be described as follows :-The ends of the bent plate (which are to be splayed in such a manner as may be found suitable, among others. those shown on the drawings) are tied together with iron or steel wire or rods to prevent any bursting effect that the plate when pressed down may tend to produce in the sleeper.

(of) A forni of sleeper for use in combination with the above, referred 'to in the aforesaid paragraphs (fr.) and designed as a. cantalifer so as to distribute uniformly he whole weight put on the sleeper over its whole bearing surface on the ground.

' per line of reinforcement.

The combination and arrangement of parts of this invention may be briefly described as follows1 The first series of combinations and parts is shown in JFigures l to e. In Fig. l the left half is a Side elevation ,and the right half a vertical longitudinal' section. l'n Fig. 2 the left half is a plan. and the right half a horizontal section showing the upper system of reinforcement. Figis a second horizontal sectional plan showing lower .system of reinforcement. Fig. Il is a cross s'...t.oo ,on line 4%, Fig. 3.

The second series of combinations and parts is shown in Figs. 5,' 6 and 7. ln Fig. 5 the left half is a side elevation and the right half a `fel-tical longitudinal section. In Fig. 6 the left half is a plan and the right half a horizontal section showing the up-I Fig. 7 is a seoond horizontal section showing the lower system of reinforcement. i

The third series of combinations and parts is shown in' lFigs. 8 to Li. Fig. 8 is a side elevation. Fig'. 9 is a cross. sectional elevation. Fig; l is a plan. Fig. ll is a horizontal section showing the upper system of reinforcement.. 12 is a second hori- Zontal section with lower system pf Areinforcement. Figs. 13 and lll are cross sections.

The fourth series of combinations and parts is shown in Figs. l to 2l. Fig. l5 is a side elevation. Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation. Fig. 17 is a plan. Fig. '18 is a hori- Zontal section showing the upper system of reinforcement. Fig. 19 is a second horizon'- tal section showing the lower system of re inforcement. Figs. 20 and 2l. are cross sections.

T he fifth series of combinations and parts is shown in Figs. 22, 23 and 24;. in Fig. 22 the left half is a side elevation mid the right half a vertical longitudiiialv section. In Fig. 2? the left half is a plan and the right half a horizontal section showing the system of reinforcement. Fig. 2.4 is a cross section on line Figs. 22 and 23.

The sixth series of combinations and arts is shown in Figs. 25 to 28. ln Fig. 25 the left half isa side elevation and the right half a i, `tical longitudinal section. In lig. right half a horizontal section showing the upper system of reinforcement. Fig. 27

shows a 26 the left half is a plan and the half sectional plan with lower sys` tem of reinforcement. Fig. 28 shows a cross section at center of sleeper. f

Referring to Figs. 1-4 of the drawings,

the cross-sleeper lcomposed of cement con crete, strengthened with a preferably steel reinforcement, is, as illustrated, of uniform.

also chamfered away to an Aincreasing extent toward the center of the sleeper. The underside of the sleeper is straight. The two legs or supporting .members of the chair are arranged one on each side of the rail-1, and, as shown,`splayed out with respect to one another and transversely of the track or rail, while the embedded portions of the legs are preferably divided into a number of tongues, which are also in a known manner splayedr out in different di* rections and for 4well understood reasons. The aforesaid tongues are; also suitably splayed out in order that they may according to the present invention be tied together, by means preferably forminfg part of the longitudinal ties of the rein oreng system with the object of avoiding as far as possible any bursting effect on the concrete due to load lon the rails, thus incidentally diminishing the amount of disintegration of the concrete by reducing to a corresponding extent the amount of vibration in the lower portions of the legs under a rolling load.` l

The reinforcing members comprise an upper and a lower system of preferably wires or rods and hoops of wrought iron,

' lor other suitable metal, but preferably of steel. y

As may be seen in Fig. 1,*the upper and lower systems are parallel throughout the greater part of the length of the sleeper and toward the ends of the sleeper incline together and finally are united at the .ex-

treme ds.

The upper system of reinforcement, as shown in Fig. 2, comprises a hoop or rightangled link 7 at each end'o the sleeper having the inner end interlaced with the adjacent set of aforesaid tongues on the leg of the corresponding chair and provided with a .transverse stay 7a midway of its length; a hoop or link 8 on the opposite side of each chair with transverse parallel end bars, the outer bar of each link 8 being interlaced with the corresponding adjacent set of aforesaid tongues; a set of three looped rods 10 connecting the inner adia .cent bars of the two links 8; a single looped rod 10S tor each link 8 centrally connecting the inner and outer transverse bars thereof and four looped rods l0b connecting the outer transverse bar of each link 8 withfthe inner transverse bar of the corresponding link 7.

The lower` system of reinforcement, .as shown in'Fig. 3., comprises a hoop or right laced with the corresponding set et store said tongues; a set of three looped rnds connectingfthe inner transverse bars of the two links 9;-a set of two'looped rods-19d connecting the inner with the outer trans angled link 9' for each chair having .the Vinner and outer transverse bars each interverse bar of each link 9' and a set of four looped rods l0" connecting the'oiiter trans verse bar of each link 9 withy the outer transverse bar of the corresponding link 'i' in the upper system. i'

The upper and lower systems are further. interconnected, as shown in Figs. l, and 3, by diagonally arranged looped rods il connecting the inner transverse barofeach link 8 inthe upper systeniwith the inner transverse bar ofthe corres )ending link 9 in the lower system. The transverse bars of each link 9 in the lower system are also further stayed by a set of two rods il. looped varound said bars and bent at first diagonally toward the V'center line -of the rail and then parallel to and at the saine` level as the tie rods 10b in the upper systemconnecting the links 8 and 7.

Instead of looped rods, singleroda or wires may be employed and htheir number increased. l I 'I The'diagonal rods 11 may be reversed in direction so as to extend downward from the transverse bars of the links 8 and ii the upper system or both sets of diagonal 'rods may be used.

g The chair, as shown in Fig. his designedy /t'or a bull-headcd rail .l and isA made oit" rai on that side, I may provide a cast-iron or A steel stop 6 adaptedA by extensions at each end to embrace the inner jaw of the chair. This stop` serves to preserve the proper width or gage between the rails and is ea pable of circular movement as about a pivot constituted 'by the rounded upper extremity of said jaw, as shown by dotted lines at the left hand of Fig. 1. This arrangement is such that the path of movement of the outer heiress g extremity off the stop is intersected hy the corresponding shoulder of the head of the rail, thus allowing the rail to be withdrawn from the chair,v while the stop 6 itself -oan- `not be removed without first withdrawing the rail. llfhe usual rail key is shown at 3. The legs 5 may be given a slight outward eamher.

The reinforced cross-sleeper 12, illustrated in Figs. 57is identical in every respect with that already described with reference to Figs. L4, except that a resilient wrought iron or mild steel support 13 is provided for a fiat-bottomed rail 2 secured in a known manner by a lrey 14 and the excess concrete material around 'the embedded legs` of the support is-shaped accordingly. The two supporting members or legs of the resilient support 13 are splayed out, partly elnbedded and prevented from spreading as already described.

Referring to Figs. 8-14, the independent block sleepers 15 are provided with rail chairs lil affording a resilient seating for 'the rail., as already described with reference Vtral portion of said cross-sleeper being'ob- Viously not present, the links 2C', 2l, and connecting looped rods 211 in the upper systern corresvi'ionding to the links l and 8 and looped rods b respectively of Fig. l, the -tie rods 23 and Q31 corresponding to the tie rods lla and l0" connecting the links 8 and 'l' ot Fig. l, to the link 9, the link 22 in the lower system correspondiiig to the link 9, the looped rods 221 to the looped rods l0" and diagonal ties 24, interconnecting the upper and lower systems also as described with reference to F ig. i. rllie under-surface of the sleepers, however, instead of being straight7 is inclined upwardly and outwardly on either side of the center linof.

the rail.

The chair 1G is moreover raised suilicienzly to enable 'the usual gage or tie rod or har 17 to he passed throughvslots in both legs oi the chairs with a clearance between the lower edge of the bar and the upper suriacc of the sleeper-and between the upper edge ofthe bar and the lower surface of the rail seating, so that the gage har may act on lvoth legs, tying them together and maintaining the resilient nature and suspension oi the seating." incidentally the tie bar 17 thus employed acts to reduce any furtherk tendency to produce a bursting effect on the concrete by spreading of the legs under load, as Well as anyl tendency to disintegrate the concrete by obstructing the travel downu 7o ward of vibration in the legs of the chair under a rolling load. The tie rod or bar 17. is therefore conveniently made of sufficient length to extend on both sides ot the track through 'both legs of the chairs, the said'ft legsbeingbraced together and the gage ofiy the rails maintained by a cott'er 18 and gib i9 for instance.

ln Figs. 2l independent block sleepers 25 are shown identical with the sleepers 15.180

shown in Figs. 8-14, but provided with a re-v silient seating 26 for a fiat-bottomed rail 2. The gage or tie bar 17 is utilized in a like manner and for like purposes as the bar 17 already` described with reference to e 1gs. 85

With reference to the modified arrangement of reinforcement illustrated as applied to a cross-sleeper 27 in Figs. 22-241-.The I' longitudinal rods arevpitched apart so as to conform more or less to the desired shape of the sleeper and are adapted to form the upper and lower chords of a girder on the cantaliver system, the rods of the two chords being suitably connected together the ends 5:5

of the sleeper, and the rods in each bottom being stayed apartv by transverse binding ires 29.y The width of the lower chord is'. uniform throughout its length. The width of the upper chord is at a minimumjat the le@ center of the sleeper, widening out in a substantially gradual'inanner toward each end of the sleeper. Thev depth of the girders is greatest at the center of the sloepen.'

gradually diminishing toward each end of 165 the sleeper upwardly and outwardly, the hase of the sleeper following the same contour and the upper chord declining downwardly andl outwardly from the center of the sleeper. Each longitudinal rod of the uppenchord is connected to the corresponding longitudinal rod in the lower chord hy rings 28, the inner rings being preferably in a staggered relation to the outer rings, as shown. The splayed ltongues at. the ernbedded ends of the legs of the rail chairs 5, or it may be of the rail supports, are interlaced with the reinforcing girders and prevented from spreading by transverse hers il() secured firmly to the rods of the upper chord. The undersurtace of the sleeper in clines upwardly and outwardly 'from the center7 following the contour of the girder, and the upper surface of the 'sleeper may be chamfered oil. as shown.

ln the modied arrangement of reinforce ment as applied to a cross-sleeper and illustrat/ed in Rigs. 25-28, the reinforcing elements as described with reference to Figs. l-4 are utilized as the upper and lowger syssleeper being further tems of the ysleeper 3l, the corresponding connecting rods l to an increased number and rods F in the upper and lower systems respectively at the central-x portion of the connected together by additional' diagonall arrangedl rods l0 looped around 'an additional centrally ar- ,in the yup er sys-` tem 'and corresponding" transverse the lower; system, whereb the load is transei're'd tofthewcenter oiynthe sleeper, which is ,deepest aty 'that point, 'the ,upper and lower system of reinforcement being correslpondingly''.inolined.`

should be'understood that the extent to which the legs of the rail support are embedded depends" upon the proportions ofthe legs and the extent o the one hand and the desired upon the other hand, It should also be' 'understood thaty tlie expression rail support for the rail whether of :the anged or double-headed type or a support for an in-' termediate rail carrier whether rigid or resilient,

The arrangements of reinforcing elements' l hereinbefore vdescribed'are adapted inevery 'and also in concrete sleeper, a strip of metal bent to embedded in said sleeper and prevent form a resilient seating for a rail and having opposite supportingA legs splayed transversely of the rail for said seating, said legs being partly embedded in said sleeper, and

non extensible members between and di' rectly connected to said legs for preventing' said legs from linotlier.l Y

2. A railroad tie, comprising a relnforced concrete" sleeper, a strip of' metal bent to form a resilient chair, seating for a `flanged rail and two supporting legs splayed transversely of the rail for said chair, said legs being partly embedded in said sleeper, and nonextensible members'between and directly connected to said legs for preventing said legs from another.

3. A. railroad tie, comprising a relnforced concrete sleeper, a strip` of metal bent to form a resilient seatin for'a rail and two supporting legs splaye transversely voi tbe rail for said seating, said legs belngeartly from spreading relatively to one another by inemhers froming part of the longitudlnnl ties of spreading relatively to one tbe rolling load on amount of elasticity a direotsupf .auch as a chair' rails only, orandl the rail sup' metrically with respect spreading relatively to one the reinforcement of said sleeper, said .members being between and directly connected to saidv legs.

4. A railroad tie, comprising a concrete sleeper reinforced. by upper and lower longitudinal'rnembe'rs andvby terminal transverse members connecting together said upper longitudinal members with said lower lon gitudinal members and by intermediate transverse members connecting together said upper andY lower longitudinal members Arespectively,'a strip of metal bent to form a resilient seating for arail and having two' opposite supporting legs splayed transversely of the rail for, said seating, said legs being partly embedded in saidv s eeper and .fsaid intermediate transverse' members being between and directly connected vto 'said legs to prevent said legs'fi'rom spreading .relatively to one another. f

5; A railroad tie, comprising a concrete cross-sleeper reinforced by an upper and lower system of longitudinal and transverse members, said upper system being located above the neutral, zone and consisting of two end portions, each arranged symmetrically Witli respect to the center of tbecorrespending rail and comprising terminal closed hoops and intermediate connecting`- the adjacent transverse portions of the two Vadjacent terminal closed lioo'ps of the said two end portions, said lower system consisting of two end portions,

corresponding rail and comprising acentral 'closed hoopA located below said neutral Zone, y longitudlnal ties connecting the .transverse portions of said central boopwitli the outer transverse portions of said terminal hoops in said upper system and diagonal ties convnected with the transverse portions of said yond said neutral lzone, `forming together withy saidlongitudinalties in the lower s stem a series of trusses on ,each side o a rail and of a central portion consisting of longitudinal ties connecting the adjacent transverse portions of the eachl arranged `Syln-vv 1j to the'center of theY central hoop and extending upwardly be.

two said central hoops and `rail supports, each having por-A tions embedded of the corresponding series of Asaid trusses,

whereby the thrusts of said supports are distributed,

t lower system of longitudinal andtransverse members, said upper system being locatedi above the neutral -zone and consisting of two end portions, ecb arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the correspond` ing rail and comprising terminal closed hoops and intermediate connecting longitudinal ties, and of a central portion consist- 6. A 'railroad tie, comprising 'a concrete cross-sleeper reinforced by an upper and in said sleeper at'tbe `apices hoop located below said neutral Zone,

Lampes Ving of longitudinal ties connecting theadj aof the two adjacent cent transverse portions terminal closed hoops of the said two end portions, said lower system consisting of two end portions, each arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the correspondingl rail and comprisingy a central closed longitudinal ties connecting the transverse portions of said central hoop with the outer transverse portions of said terminal hoops in said upper system and diagonal ties connected with the transverse portions of said central hoop and` extending upwardly beyond said neutral zone, forming together with said longitudinal ties in the lower sys tem a series or trusses on each side of a rail and of a central portion consisting of longitudinal ties connecting the adjacent transverse portions of the two said central hoops, and rail supports, each consisting of a strip of metal bent to form a resilient seating Jfor the corresponding rail and two supporting legs splayed transversely of the 'ail for said seating, said legs being partly cnr bedded in said sleeper at the apices of the correspf'indinfr series of said trusses whereby the thrusts o? said supports are distributed.

7. A railroad tie, comprising a concrete y cross-sleeper reinforced by an upper and lower system of longitudinal and ,transverse members, said upper system being located above the neutral Zone and consisting of two end portions, each arranged symmetrically with respect to the center-'of the corresponding rail and 'comprising terminal closed hoops and intermediate connecting longitudinal ties, and of a central portion consisting of longitudinal ties connecting the adjacent transverse portions ot' the two adjacent terminal closed hoops of the said two end portions, said lower system consisting of two ond portions, each arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the correspondingrail and comprising a central closed hoop located below sa'id neutral zone,

longitudinal ties connecting the transverse portions of said central hoop with the outer transverse portions of said terminal hoops in said upper system and diagonal ties connected with the transverse portions of said ing series of f to act as an abutment between central hoop and extending upwardly 'teyond said neutral zone, forming together with said longitudinal. ties in the lower s stem a series of trusses on each side of a ran and of a central portion consisting onf tudinalf ties connecting the adjacent t verse portions of the two said centrai hoo and rail supports, each consisting of a 'ft of metal bent to form a chair seating l; bull-headed rail and two supporting l. splayed transversely oi? said rail for sa chair,'said legs being partly embedded in .aid sleeper at the apices oi the correspond said trusses and, being adapted to be engaged by said upper and lower tenis of reinforcement so as to be preve nted from spreading relatively to one another.

S. A railroad tie, comprising a reinforced concrete sleeper, a rail support consistingl of a strip of metal bent to .torni a resilient chair seating ior a bull-headed rail and two supporting legs splayed transversely oi: the rail, said legs being partly embedded in said sleeper vertical portion on one side of said rail, seating portion for the bottoni of said rail and a portion adapted to hold thel rail wedge, rand a pivotable metal stop to embrace the upper' end oir said vertieai. portion of said chair seating and normally sponding lower face of the upper head oi? said rail and said upper end and when clear of said face to be moved into a Vertical position clear ot' said head.

i). A railroad tie, comp ising a rei f concrete sleeper, a strip of inet-al bent forni a seating for a rail, and having oppod site supporting legs splayed transversely for the said seating, said legs being partiy embedded in the said sleeper, and non-e21- tensible members between said opposite and adapted to prevent them `from spreading relatively to one another. i

In witness whereoia I have hereunto hand in presence of two witnesses.

LUlS GREEN Witnesses HENRY BIRKBECK, O. J. i/Von'rrn and said chair seating comprising a the corre-- adapted

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