US1212571A - Lamp for mineral oils. - Google Patents

Description

C. SEPULCHRE.

LAMP FOR MINERAL OILS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-9,1913.

Patented Jan. 16,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

m, lfihaswa C. SEPULCHRE.

LAMPFOR MINERAL OILS.

APPLICATION men 050.9. ms.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

CHARLES SEPULCHRE, or HERSTAL, BELGIUM.

LAMP FOR MINERAL OILS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

' Application filed December 9, 1913. Serial Il'o. 805,583.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES SEPULCHRE, subject of the King ofBelgium, residing at 263 Rue St. Lambert, Herstal-lez-Lie'ge, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps for Mineral Oils, of which the following is a specification.

In oil lamps,'such as paraffin lamps employed in the Open air'or subject to currents and atmospheric agitations, the main difficulty when the wind is blowing is to secure the introduction of the air supporting combustion in.an uninterrupted and regular manner, because the wind produces in the lamp a suction. toward 'the' outside which rarefies or even sometimes completely suppresses the necessary combustion air; a second difficulty consists in insuring in a regular manner the evacuation of the gases and of the air by the upper orifice of the chimney, which is likewise exposed to air currents and atmospheric agitations.

Pursuant to the present invention the burner, enveloped laterally in a closed sheath,'is fixed in a channel which is airtight throughout, opening into the surround atmosphere. This burner on the one hand receives inits orifices the whole of the air which is necessary (directly from the atmosphere) by a conduit ending inv an apparatus which brings about the admission of air, while on the other hand, being provided with its own special chimney, it carries away, likewise directly tothe atmosphere, the products of its combustion by means of another apparatus which brings about a suction. The two terminal appliances act independently of one'another, and each directly on the burner, so as to produce the necessary current between them and through the air-tight channel, which traverses the burner. In order that the admission and suction appliances may exercise their functionswithout producing any inversions of the current, it is necessary, that they should be placed at the extremity of a long tube or conduit, simple or multiple, removing these apparatuses to a suflicient distance from the oil reservoir and from any other surface which may modify or disturb the wind; these appliances ought therefore, to be exposed in all their parts to the full influences of the atmosphere, as will be hereinafter explained.

The annexed design represents such arrangement applied by way of example to a paratfin lamp with a round wick, and with a central'currentof air." 6

Figure 1 is a vertical section of such a lamp Fig. 2 is a plan thereof; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the closed sheath surrounding the burner. Fig. is a view in elevation of the suction apparatus; Fig.5 isa section on the line A'B (in Fig. 45). Fig. 6 is a view 11 elevation on a largerscale of the admis sion apparatus' Fig. 7 is a plan of the latter with a partial section. Fig. 8 is a view from below with a partial section.

In the example represented the burner 1 is surrounded by a' cylinder 2, into which fits, a glass cup 3 surmounted by the chimney proper 4.

The air necessary for combustion is conducted to the burner 1 bythe conduits 5 and 17, these being fed by the channels or tubes 6 at the end of which theappliances for the introduction of the air are arranged, these latter being fully exposed tothe wind and.

outside the depression zones.

. The admission apparatus consists essen tially of two or'more air receiving parts 7. and 8 in the form of funnels or of curved hoppers open above and'below, and arranged in inverse directions at suitable distances from one another; their wide openings are therefore directed respectively upward and downward. In the hopper 7 a diaphragm 9 is fixed, held in position by clamps 10 and itself carrying a rosette 11 the apex of which, pointing .downwards, engages in the upper orifice of the hopper 8, to which it is fixed. The whole apparatus thus formed is placed at a short distance above the opening of the channels 6. p

,The upper fu'nnel7 is intended to collect the airwhen the wind is striking vertically or obliquely, and to convey this air into the channel 6, following the walls of the conical rosette 11. The lower funnel 8, the wide opening of which is level with or below the opening of channel 6, has inclined walls like those of-the upper funnel 7 but in an inverse direction; the action of this funnel 8 is to catch the wind when mounting whether it be vertical or oblique, and to direct it along the lower wall of rosette 11 into channel 6, after having caused it to make a semicircular turn.

The wide opening between the two funnels 7 and 8 receives the horizontal winds or those which are only slightly oblique; this opening is divided by the inclined faces of the rosette. 11 into distinctcompartments retaining the air and insuring its introduction into the channel 6. The various parts described, therefore, individually and simultaneously serve the purpose of catching the air at any point of the atmosphere and of directing it continuously by gliding motion over inclined surfaces into the feed channel, where consequently'there is an uninterrupted introductory current of air.

The admission apparatus, as thus described, prevents the penetration of rain into channel 6. The water collected by the upper funnel, and which flows out by its lower orifice, which is of larger diameter than that of the lower funnel, runs along the latter toward the outside; similarly rain falling obliquely cannot reach the orifice of the'funnel 8 owing to the space existing between the two funnels due to the curve form given to the latter.

The suction apparatus above the evacuation chimney 4 has the efi'ect of preventing the return of the combustion gases by gusts of wind from the outside. This suction ap-' paratus consists of a closed box 12, fixed like a sleeve on the upper orifice of the chimney 4:, and pierced in its cylindrical wall by openings 13, the edges of which are forced outward in such amanner as to form around each ofthese. orifices 13 a wall 14 in the shape of a truncated cone, the small orifice of which is directed towardthe outside.

' When the wind beats downward, rises or is oblique, the draft of the lamp is increased by this arrangement and no penetration of air can take place into the cap or box 12. It is only when the wind is almost horizontal that there is a very slight penetration which is largely compensated by the increase in the evacuation which takes place by the multiple conical funnels opposite those which receive the wind. These opposite funnels are then found in a zone-of depression and air is drawn through their larger orifice.

In order to insure the tightness of the conduit formed by the channel 6, the sheath 2, the cup 3, and the chimney 4:, it is useful to fix the. latter on the cup .3, and the cup on the burner 1 by means of'springs 15 fixed to the chimney 4:, the free ends of which engage in the stops 16 fixed on channels 6 or some other part of the body of the lamp.

It is obvious that the device is equally applicable to lamps with a flat wick without a central current of air, and that one might also only have one admission device.

Having fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is 1. Ina lamp'of the character described, the combination of a burner, achimney, an air supply tube, and means at the inlet end of said tube for controlling the admission of air thereto comprising two oppositely arranged funnel-like members, and a conical shaped guide positioned within said members with its apex directed into the mouth of the tube.

2. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with an air supply tube, of a conical shaped guide arranged at the inlet end of the tube with its apex directed into the tube, and meanssurrounding and adapted to direct currents of air against said guide.

3. In a lamp of the character described, the combination with a substantially vertical air supply tube, of a conical shaped guide arranged at the inlet endof the tube with its apex extending downward into the tube, and two oppositely arranged, vertically separated, members respectively surrounding the base and apex of said guide.

4:. In a lamp of the character described, the combination of a burner, a chimney, an air supply pipe, provided at its inlet end with means controlling the admission of air thereto, and a casing surrounding the upper end of the chimney and provided with closed ends and an intermediate series of laterally extending tubular conical projections.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES SEPULOI-IRE.

Witnesses:

VICTOR HAMAL, ROBERT W. HEIMGARTNER.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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