US1205370A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

R. S. MARSH.

vLOCK. APPLICATION FILED IULY23'. |914.

1,205,370. Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- R. S. MARSH.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FI'LED IULY23| 1914.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@e v @l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROY s. MARSH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOI-s, AssIGNoR. or ONE-FOURTH MARSH, or nvANsToN, ILLINOIS.

To CLARENCE s.

LOCK.

Specication of Letters Patent.

. Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

Application med July 2s, 1914. serial No. 852,544.

To all whom it may Concern Be it known that I, ROY S. MARSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has4 for its object the provision of a lock mechanism which shall be in the highest degree proof against unauthorized manipulation and which shallv atl the same time possess great simplicity of mechanical construction contributing to low cost of production and non-liability to get.

out of Order.

In order that the invention may be readily understood by those skilled in the art a preferred embodiment of the same is set forth -in the accompanying drawings and in the description based thereon. As, however, the invention is susceptible of embodiment in other and varied constructional forms the drawing and description are to be taken in an illustrative and not in an unnecessarily limiting sense.

In the drawings-Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a mortise lock taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3 and showing the parts in a locked position; Fig. 2 is a similar secmediately to the rear of the projection 13 is a guard member in the form of a lever 15 pivoted at 16 in such position that its forward end presents an unyieldingabutment to oppose the unlocking movement of the bolt. The projection 13 has an extension 17 illustrated as being offset laterally. n An arm 18 is rigidly affixed to the barrel 19 car-` ried by the knob spindle 20 and is adapted upon the turning of the knob to bear with its lower end against the lextension 17 in order to retract the bolt 11 against the ten-` sion of the spring 12. Obviously, however,

if the guard lever 15 occupies the position shown in Fig. 1 behind the projection 13, the bolt cannot be retracted by means of the manipulation of the knob. In order to provide for the Operation of the bolt by means of the knob, however, a iexible connection 1s provided between the barrel 20 iand the guard lever 15 by means of a metallic band 21 secured to the barrel at 22 and having in its lower end a slot 23 taking over a pin 24 carried by the lever. j

As constructed it is apparent that when the knob is manipulated so as to rotate the barrel 19 the lever 15 will be raised by means of the flexible connection 21 from vbehind the projection 13 and permitthe arm 18 to push Ehi;j projection to the left thus retracting the o t. A

The knob spindle 19 i' comprises twoy sections 19 and 19a, as shown in Fig. 4, the sections having fixed thereon barrels 2O and'20a respectively` which barrels have alined communicating slots 24 and 25. A bar 26 is pivoted at 27 in the slot 25 and the free end of the arm extends into thel slot 24. A spring 28 mounted within the slot 25 below the arm outwardly and maintain" the same free of the slot 24. An operating member 29 is dis posed adjacent the bar 26 and has anl arcuate face 30 corresponding in extent to at least the arc of rotation of the said bar as the knob is turned.- A pair ofpush rods 31, 32 are mounted with their headsla and 32a in such a lposition as to be accessible at the edge of the door. The rod 31 is attached to or formed integral with the operating member 29 and the two rods are connected by a rocking army33 pivoted at 34 so that as one moves in one direction the other moves in the opposite direction whereby the operating member 29 may be advanced or retracted in order to lhold the bar 261 in the slot 24 to effect la coupling between the sections ofthe Ispindle or 'to permit its' expul- Asion from the slot 24 by means of the spring 28 in order to uncouple the sections. A detent 35`is upwardly pressed by means of the readily understood that in the position of the parts illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 `the spindle sections are disconnected and consequently the knob on the outer side of the door cannot be utilized to operate the bolt 11 for the reason that it is entirely disconnected from the barrel 19 to which the members 21 and 13 are connected. On the other hand, if the push button 31L be pressed inwardly the operating member 29 will press the bar 26 inwardly so as to couple the two barrels 20 and 20a and thus provide for the manipulation of the bolt from the outer door knob.

Provision is made for the manipulation of the lock by means of a proper key and safeguarded against the employment of the wrong key in the manner following: A guard-operating member in the form of a lever 37 is pivoted at 38 above the guard lever l5 and is 'connected thereto by means of a link 39 having a pivotal connection with the lever 37 at 40, while the opposite end of the link 39 is connected to a pin 41 in the guard lever 15. On the opposite side of the keyhole is pivoted at 42 a second guard in the form of a lever 43 and below the same is pivoted at 44 a guard-operating lever 45, the two levers 43 and 45 being connected by `means of a. link 46. The adjacent free ends of the guard-operating lever 37 andthe guard llever 43 lie in the same plane which is included in theplane of rotation of the key 14 and specifically in the plane ofrotation of one of its projecting wards 47 the ends of the twolevers correspond substantially to a radial line drawn from the aXis of the key.

When the key 14 is inserted within the loclrits ward 47n occupies the position shown in Fig. 1 beneath-thefree end of the guardoperating lever37 and as the key is rotated in a clock-wise direction, as indicated by the arrow in .said figure, it engages the lower edge of the lever 37 and lifts the same, thereby lowering theopposite end of said lever and by means of theilink 39 lowering the rear end of the guard lever 15 thus lifting the front end-of saidguard lever from its position behind the projection 13 so as to leave the bolt free Vto be retracted. As the rotation ofthe key is continued its ward 47 would strike against the free end of the guard lever 43 and its further movement would be arrested, were it not that a ward 48 on the opposite side of the key simultaneously engages the free end of the guardoperating lever 45 and depresses the same transmitting the movement of said guard lever by? means of the link 46 to the rear end Aof lthe guard 43 -thus causing the forward endoffthesaid guard lever to be lifted to the position indicated Fig. 2 and permitting the ward 47 .of ithegkey-14to pass thereunder.

As the key turns farther its ward 43 strikes the projection 13 and forces the bolt to the left against the tension of its spring 12, the key at that time assuming the position illustrated in Fig. 2. Upon the reverse movement of the key the bolt is released and again made subject to the spring 12 while the ward 47 passes from beneath the free end of the guard lever 43 and permits the said guard to drop. 1t is also free to immediately thereafter pass beneath the free end of the guard-operating lever' which is held in its upright position by the projection 13 bearing upon the free end of the guard lever 15 until after the ward 47 of the key is entered below Lthe end of the guard-operating lever 37. lhen the key is turned to its former position, indicated in Fig. 1, the levers drop by gravity to their original position as shown in said gure and the bolt is held against retraction by the unyielding guard lever 15.

rEhe characteristic feature of the lock mechanism just described is that the `guardoperating lever 45 must be actuated before the ward 47 can pass the end of the guard lever 43 and the guard-operating lever 37 must be actuated before the bolt can be retracted. Consequently if a key were filed with a notch in its back so as to clear the end of the guard lever 43 the lock would still not operate for the reason that when 'the ful manipulation of the lock by the provision of a guard plate 49 of arcuate form'V and disposed concentric to the axis of the key immediately within the lock case. This guard plate is provided with wards 50, 51 and 52 which correspond with similar wards of the key so as to permit the initial rotation of the key only when the wards of the key and of the guard plate correspond. Carried by the guard plate 49 is a guard arm 53 having an arcuate portion 54 which is disposed in the plane of rotation of the key concentric to the key axis. The key is likewise provided with an aperture 55 which is adapted to receive the end 56 of the guard arm 53 and guide the key thereon. It will be noticed that the aperture 55 of the key is radially in line with the ward 48 and consequently it will not suffice to provide a key with a notch whichV will clear the end 56 of the ward arm, as in that case the ward 48 would have to be dispensed with and the guard-operating lever 45 would not'be depressed as the key was rotated.

It will be observed that the attachment between the fieXible member 21 and the guard lever l5 is by means of a pin and slot,

thus allowing the guard member 15 to be` operated independently by the key and by the knob without interfering one with the other, this being due to the motion at the point of attachment, the pin 24 being allowed to play-idly within the slot of the member 21 when operated by the key.

It will thus be observed that a lock is pro vided in which operating members occupying the same plane are required to be respectively engaged and cleared by the same ward of the key and in which it is rendered impossible to provide for the clearing of one of said members by the filing of a notch without at the same time destroying the ability of the key to engage the other of said members; also that the employment of an arcuate guard arm adapted to engage within an aperture of the key, which cannot be substituted by a notch, renders impossible the filing of a key to t the lock.

I claim 1.- In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of a guard member arranged to oppose the retraction of the bolt, a second guard member arranged to oppose the key ward, and a pair of guard-operating members arranged to be engaged and operated each by a key ward, the second guard and the operating member for the first guard presenting to the same key ward one an unyielding shoulder and the other a surface yielding under the pressure of the ward.

2. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of a pivoted guard member arranged to oppose the retraction of the bolt, a second pivoted guard member arranged to oppose a key ward, and a pair of pivoted guard-operating members arranged to be engaged and operated each by a key ward, the second guard and the operating member for the first guard being arranged in a common plane and presenting to the same key ward one an unyielding shoulder and the other a surface yielding under 'the pressure of the ward.

3. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of a guard lever arranged to oppose the retraction of the bolt, a second guard lever arranged to oppose a key ward, and a pair of guard-operating levers arranged to be engaged and operated each by a key ward, the second guard lever and the operating lever for the first guard being arranged in a commonplane and presenting to the same key ward one an unyielding shoulder and the other a surface yielding under the pressure of the ward. Y Y e 4.,In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of a guard lever arranged with its end behind the bolt projection, a second guard lever arranged in the path of a key ward, an operating lever for the first guard, a link connection between one arm of the guard operating lever and the arm of the first guard lever, the free arm of the guard-op erating lever being disposed in the same plane and adjacent to the end of the second guard lever inthe path of the said key ward, a second guard-operating lever, a link connection between the second guard-operating lever and the second guard lever, the free end of the second guard-operating lever disposed in the same plane as the first mentioned key ward and in the path of the ward Von the opposite side of the key, the first-mentioned ward acting through the first guardoperating lever to move the first guard lever out of the path of the bolt and the second guard-operating lever acting to move the second guard lever out of the path of the first mentioned guard.

5. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of a guard arm disposed within the plane of rotation of the key, the key having a hole to receive the guardarm and to guide the key thereon.

6. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the plane of rotation of the key and adapted for operative engagement by the key ward, of an arcuate guard arm disposed within the plane of rotation of the key and concentric to the key aXis, the key having a hole to receive the guard arm and to guide the key thereon and provided on its edge oppositeVv the aperture with a guardoperating surface.

7. In a lock, the combination with a bolt having a portion thereof projecting into the the vpinnefofrota'tion'of thefkeyan'ditdapted Within' the pianeof rotation of the key, the for operative engagement by theV key Ward, fkey Vhaving an aperture to receive the guard -of-an arcuate keyreceivingguard. `plate havarmfand tofguide. the key thereon.

ing wards corresponding to the Wards of the ROY S. MARSH. 5 key, and an inwardly extending guard arm IWitnesses:

carried bythe .plate Vand havingan arcuate LEWIST. GREIST,

portion disposed concentric to the `key 'axis MILTON T. 'MILLER Copies of this patent may be obtaineaf'orV five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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