US1201191A - Ignitible compound for matches. - Google Patents
Ignitible compound for matches. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1201191A US1201191A US68612612A US1912686126A US1201191A US 1201191 A US1201191 A US 1201191A US 68612612 A US68612612 A US 68612612A US 1912686126 A US1912686126 A US 1912686126A US 1201191 A US1201191 A US 1201191A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chlorate
- barium
- ignitible
- paste
- matches
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 9
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chlorate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- GVCGWXSZNUOTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfo cyanate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC#N GVCGWXSZNUOTDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N chlorin Chemical compound C\1=C/2\N/C(=C\C3=N/C(=C\C=4NC(/C=C\5/C=CC/1=N/5)=CC=4)/C=C3)/CC\2 SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010011376 Crepitations Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GOPYZMJAIPBUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[Mn+4] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mn+4] GOPYZMJAIPBUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium chromate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O QFFVPLLCYGOFPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083898 barium chromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical class [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
Definitions
- chlorates of other bases or the perchlorates of metals other than potassium, could be employed in the manufacture of the ignitible composition for matches, was wonth consideration. It is necessary however that the substances which enter into these compositions, must under no circumstances be hygroscopic.
- the chlorates of potassium and barium, with several others having costly metals as their base are the only ones which possess this advantage, and with these minute quantities of basic chlorates, such as those of copper, lead, etc, may be added with advantage in the preparation of the ignitible compound.
- Chlorate of barium has been sometimes proposed as a substitute for chlorate of potassium in the manufacture of matches, but up till now it has not been a success as the inventors have not taken suliiciently into account the relative slowness of combustion of the mixtures of chlorate of barium, sulfur,
- reducing agents such as the hyposulfites, polythiomates, etc, certainly increases the sensitiveness to friction on any surface; but on a striking surface composed of red phosphorus, the match constantly crackles and only burns with difhculty, this being due to the presence. of water of crystallization contained in the chlorate of barium.
- cuprous sulfocyanate acts in a manner unknown as it undergoes no change through oxidation, a phenomenon whichis easily verified owing the change of color of this substance-
- cuprous sulfocyanate other cuprous compounds may be used, such as cuprous cyanid Cu (CN) which acts in a similar fashion to a cuprous sulfocyanat'e, but it is more-difficult to prepare than the latter and is slightly less'stable.
- cuprous salts act equally Well as stabilizers pounds are more unstable than the cyanid. It has also been found that the more insoluble mercurous salts of mercury also act as stabilizers, but at the same time they evolve a mercurial vapor while oxid of copper produced in the production of the paste remains in the ashes.
- the specific gravity of the barium chlorate is considerably higher than that of chlorate of potassium, therefore theinflammable pastes prepared by the methods in actual use are much less voluminous when the chlorate of barium replaces the chlorate of potassium.
- fifty matches prepared with an ignitible compound having for its base chlorate of barium can easily contain a weight of dried ignitible material amounting to 1.63 grams, while with the inflammable mixtures-containing chlorate of potassium this weight ra rely attains 1 gram./
- the difficulty arising from the heavier specific gravity of barium chlorate has been surmounted by taking advantage of the peculiar property of an ignitible compound which contains barium chlorate as a base of frothing or foaming when the ingredients of the base or ignitihle compound are mixed directly together,- that is, if the barium chlorate, glue and other pulverized substances makin the base are mixed directly with the necessary amount of water.
- This foaming or frothing ofv the material is. taken advantage of by first mixing the barium chlorate and the powdered substances of the. paste with water, and afterward adding the glue. In this manner the foaming or frothing of the material becomes controllable, and this is especially true if a part of the pulverized ingredients or substances are reserved and mixed into the paste after. the glue has been added.
- the paste thus obtained due to the frothing or foaming of thesubstances when mixed with water, is filled with minute hubbles. and when the glue is added again settle to form a liquid completely; freefrom bubbles, so that the matches when dipped into the paste will not for adefinite volume of the substances, have a greater weight of material than the same volume of paste prepared with potassium chlorate as the base.
- step which comprises'nnxing a quantity of pulverized barium chlorate with the desired quantity of the non-adhesive constituents of the paste to be formed, adding water to the mass thus obtained, and then incorporating the adhesive constituents of the paste into the wet mass.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
Description
'ac resin, gum, etc.
'GUSTAVE JONAS, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.
- IGNI'IBLE CQIVIPOUND MATCHES.
m it may concern i lniown that I, Gus'ra vn Jones, a f the King of Belgium, residing at ssels, Belgium, have invented a new and moment in Ignitible Compounds and. 1 do hereby declare the o be a full, clear, and exact den the same. is weil known that up to the present tim chlorate of potassium has been'the principal base of the ignitible material made for the manufacture of safety matches having a special striking surface composed of red phosphorus, and this being so'generally ac cepted, the use of the chemical appeared to be absolutely necessary for this kind of industry,
The question whether chlorates of other bases, or the perchlorates of metals other than potassium, could be employed in the manufacture of the ignitible composition for matches, was wonth consideration. It is necessary however that the substances which enter into these compositions, must under no circumstances be hygroscopic. The chlorates of potassium and barium, with several others having costly metals as their base are the only ones which possess this advantage, and with these minute quantities of basic chlorates, such as those of copper, lead, etc, may be added with advantage in the preparation of the ignitible compound.
Chlorate of barium has been sometimes proposed as a substitute for chlorate of potassium in the manufacture of matches, but up till now it has not been a success as the inventors have not taken suliiciently into account the relative slowness of combustion of the mixtures of chlorate of barium, sulfur, The presence of reducing agents such as the hyposulfites, polythiomates, etc, certainly increases the sensitiveness to friction on any surface; but on a striking surface composed of red phosphorus, the match constantly crackles and only burns with difhculty, this being due to the presence. of water of crystallization contained in the chlorate of barium.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented @ct. 1Q, 1916.
Application filed March 25, 1912. Serial No. 886,126.
It has been proved that a more rapid igni-' tlon and combustion of the composition on the, end of the match ma y be obtained, when this contains a small percentage of a nitro derivative, especially binitroand tri'n'itroor certain very inflammable substances like anthracene, pulverized gun cotton, et c.
Compoundsof sulfur, phosphorus and other analogous substances, containing chlorate of barium as their base evolve a strong odor of chlorin and of chlorin oXid,
'naphthalene, binitro-naphtoles, nitro-resin, 3
is an extremely grave inconvenience capable in itself of rendering the application of chlorate of barium in the manufacture of matches con'm'lercially impossible, as it was diflioult to obviate the necessity of the employment of sulfur or other analogous substances, which gave the required sensitiveness to ignition by friction.
It has been established that an addition of a slight percentage of cuprous sulfocyanate completely prevented the formation of chlorin and its oXids during the drying of those ignitible compounds having chlorate of barium for their base and containing sulfur or other analogous bodies. The cuprous' sulfocyanate acts in a manner unknown as it undergoes no change through oxidation, a phenomenon Whichis easily verified owing the change of color of this substance- Instead of cuprous sulfocyanate, other cuprous compounds may be used, such as cuprous cyanid Cu (CN) which acts in a similar fashion to a cuprous sulfocyanat'e, but it is more-difficult to prepare than the latter and is slightly less'stable.
(sulfites, sulfids, etc), and even cuprous Other cuprous salts act equally Well as stabilizers pounds are more unstable than the cyanid. It has also been found that the more insoluble mercurous salts of mercury also act as stabilizers, but at the same time they evolve a mercurial vapor while oxid of copper produced in the production of the paste remains in the ashes.
The specific gravity of the barium chlorate is considerably higher than that of chlorate of potassium, therefore theinflammable pastes prepared by the methods in actual use are much less voluminous when the chlorate of barium replaces the chlorate of potassium. For example, fifty matches prepared with an ignitible compound having for its base chlorate of barium, can easily contain a weight of dried ignitible material amounting to 1.63 grams, while with the inflammable mixtures-containing chlorate of potassium this weight ra rely attains 1 gram./ The difficulty arising from the heavier specific gravity of barium chlorate has been surmounted by taking advantage of the peculiar property of an ignitible compound which contains barium chlorate as a base of frothing or foaming when the ingredients of the base or ignitihle compound are mixed directly together,- that is, if the barium chlorate, glue and other pulverized substances makin the base are mixed directly with the necessary amount of water.
This foaming or frothing ofv the material is. taken advantage of by first mixing the barium chlorate and the powdered substances of the. paste with water, and afterward adding the glue. In this manner the foaming or frothing of the material becomes controllable, and this is especially true if a part of the pulverized ingredients or substances are reserved and mixed into the paste after. the glue has been added. The paste thus obtained, due to the frothing or foaming of thesubstances when mixed with water, is filled with minute hubbles. and when the glue is added again settle to form a liquid completely; freefrom bubbles, so that the matches when dipped into the paste will not for adefinite volume of the substances, have a greater weight of material than the same volume of paste prepared with potassium chlorate as the base. I v I Owing to the .peculiarity'of the inflammable composition having chlorate of barium as its base of evolving" chlorin freely, it is easy to understand that it is necessary to carefully avoid the presence of acid bodies in t that the use of bichromates is'impossible. Only perfectly neutral chr imstes are admissible. v
The following mixtures have given very does not hese comp'unds, and also weight of the paste.
I. i II. III.
Barium chlorate 50.0 40.0 50.0 Barium chromate. 0 20.0 Manganese di-oxid 20.0 Lead peroxid or caici 10.0 Ground glass 10.0 10.0 10.0 Cu rous suifocyunate 5.0 4.0 Bu fur. 5.0 5.0 4.0 Pulveriz 2.5 2.5 Resin 0.5 0.5 1. Gun cotton, pulverized 4 2. 0 2.0 5. Tragacan'th 0. G ue 5.0 5.0 5. 100.0 100.0 100.
Having fully described the nature of my 5' invention, what I claim and desire to secure paste for the production of match heads, the
step which comprises'nnxing a quantity of pulverized barium chlorate with the desired quantity of the non-adhesive constituents of the paste to be formed, adding water to the mass thus obtained, and then incorporating the adhesive constituents of the paste into the wet mass.
2. The process of'preparing an ignitible paste for the production of match heads which consists in mixinga quantity of pulverized barium chlorate with the desired quantity of non-adhesive constituents of the paste to be formed, adding water to the mass thus obtained, thenincorporating the adhesive constituents of the paste, then adding another quantity of the non-adhesive constituents. k
' 3. In the process of preparing an ignitible paste for the production of match heads the steps which comprise mixing pulverized barium chlorate and cuprous sulfocyanate' with the other non-adhesive constituents of the pasteto be formed, adding water a (1 then incorporating the adhesive constitu'e ts of the paste into the mass.
1. In the process of preparing ran ignitible past-e for the production of matci; heads the steps which comprise mixing pul erized barium chlorate and a cuprous compound insoluble in water with the other nonadhesive constituents of the paste to be formed, adding water and then incorporating the adhesive constituents of the paste into the mass.
In testimony whereof. I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
GUSTAVE JONAS. Witnesses S. OAKSLY, CHAS. RoY NAsMrrH.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68612612A US1201191A (en) | 1912-03-25 | 1912-03-25 | Ignitible compound for matches. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68612612A US1201191A (en) | 1912-03-25 | 1912-03-25 | Ignitible compound for matches. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1201191A true US1201191A (en) | 1916-10-10 |
Family
ID=3269132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US68612612A Expired - Lifetime US1201191A (en) | 1912-03-25 | 1912-03-25 | Ignitible compound for matches. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1201191A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2496815A (en) * | 1946-01-30 | 1950-02-07 | Ringer Ferdinand | Ignitible composition |
-
1912
- 1912-03-25 US US68612612A patent/US1201191A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2496815A (en) * | 1946-01-30 | 1950-02-07 | Ringer Ferdinand | Ignitible composition |
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