US1296361A - Highway-crossing signal. - Google Patents

Description

S. C. BRYANT.

HIGHWAY CROSSING SIGNAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 29, 19]].

l ,296, 36 1 Patented Mar. 1, 1919.

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entrain snares manna canton,

STANLEY CHARLES BRYANT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 BRYANT ZINC COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

HIGHWAY-CROSSING SIGNAL.

manner.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. a, 1919,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STANLEY. CHARLES BRYANT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Highway-Grossof a locomotive, car, train or other railway vehicle approaching the crossing along the railway; and particularly to signal systems for the purpose stated in which a swinging signal member located adjacent the crossing and visible from the highway, is set in operation by the approach of a railway vehicle moving along the railroad,

The objects of my invention are to provide a crossing: signal of the type specified in which the swinging signal member is nor mally concealed from view from the highway, but which signal member is moved into and out of 'sight a plurality of times as a train approaches the crossingthe swinging movement being kept up until the train or vehicle has passed the roadway; to provide a crossing signal system in which the swinging signal member will move automatically into a position other than that which it normally occupies should the local battery, whereby the signal is operated, fail to supply current for operating the signal, or should there be a break in the circuit through which said battery supplies current to operate a motor whereby the signal member is operated; and to provide various other :features of advantage, in and connected with crossing signal systems of the type or kind above referred to; all as will hereinafter and at length appear.

\Vith the above and other objects of invention in view, my invention consists in the improved crossing signal system, illustrated in the accompanying drawing and herein-- after described and claimed, and in such ariations and modifications thereof as will no obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invention relates.

In the drawing accompanying and form ing a part of this specification and wherein the preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated:

I Figure 1 is a view showing my improved signaling system, the same being, for the most part, schematic and diagrammatic in character; and,

Fig. 2 is a view showing a detail of certain of the elements thereof.

Referring to the drawing, the reference numerals, 2, 3 designate the rails of an insulated track section located adjacent the crossing or roadway to be protected by myimproved signal system, and 4 is a track battery connected with the rails and the current from which flows through a track relay 5, when no railway vehicle is in the vicinity of the crossing.

The relay 5 is adaptedtocontrol the flow of current from a switch operating battery 6, or equivalent source of electricity, to thereby operate the signal in the manner hereinafter explained, to which end said relay is provided with two tront'contacts, 7, 8, and with two back contacts, 9, 10, the circuit from the battery l through the relay being normally closed so that the vibrating armature thereof (shown conventionally as two pivotally supported members, 11, 12, connected together so as to move in unison,

although a single armature having terminals adapted to cooperate with the pairs of contacts 7, 9, and 8, 10, is commonly used) is kept in contact with the front contacts. 7, 8, so that circuits in which said front contacts are included will be normally closed.

The .reference numeral 14, designates an electric motor operated by current flowing fronrthe local battery 6 through a circuit or circuits controlled by the track relay 5, and

which motor operates aswinging signal".

member upon the approach of a railwav vehicle to the crossing or roadway protected by my signal system. The mechanism illustrated through which motion is communicated to the signal member comprises an oscillating operating member, 15, operated by the motorthrough gearing 16, 17, 18,15, and a link, 20; an oscillating coil carrying member, 21, having a driving coil, 22, which, when energized by current derived from the battery 6, acts to magnetize the coil carrying member and hold the same and the opcrating member, 15, together, so that'motion will be transmitted from the motor, 14, to the coil carrying member, 21, through the operating member, 15, when current is flowing through the driving coil, 22; and a rod or link, 23, one end of which is connected with the coil carrying member and the other end of which is operatively connected with the swinging signal member of my system. The operating member, 15, and coil carrying member, 21, are preferably supported by and swing about one and the same pivotal connection, 24, as shown in the drawing.

The. reference numeral, 25, designates the swinging signal member employed in my system, the same being carried by the longer arm of a lever, 26, pivotally supported at 27, and with which lever the link or rod 23, is connected. The signal member is preferably so arranged that it will be normally hidden from view, as by means of ahood, 28. into and out from which it moves, as swinging motion is communicated thereto,

the hidden position thereof being'sh'own in full lines and the visible position indotted lines in the drawing.

It will be appreciated that the hidden position of the signal member is the normal position which it occupies prior to the operation thereof when a vehicle approaches the crossing, as well as also the position to which it-is returned after the vehicle has passed the crossing; and that the said signal member will be moved into a visible position and returned to a hidden or concealed position a pluralityof times, according to the interval during which the motor, 14, is in operation. The signal member, 25, is preferably supported in an inclined position, as shown, so that the same will be moved by gravity into a vertical and visible position, should the driving coil, 22, fail at any time to hold the members, 21, 22, together; the said members being held together by the magnetism produced by the said coil. and the signal member being thus held in its inil ial position, because of the action of said coil, as will be appreciated. It may be here pointed out, however, that the elements,

15, and 21, will be held together, and that the parts will operate in the same way if the coil is carried by the driving member, 15; and the coil may be, of course, of any form, and may be located in any way relative to said members, so long as they are held together and caused to move in unison by the magnetism produced by a How of current through the said coil.

The operating member, 15, is adapted to operate a circuit breaker, 25), included in an auxiliary circuit, through a lug, 30, carried thereby; 31 designates an clectro-magnet or solenoid included in the main circuit through which current is supplied to the motor-J14, and which is op'erativelyconnected with a brake shoe, 32, through a pivotally supported lever, 33, the said brake being normally held against a rotating part of the motor by a spring, 34; and 35 designates a circuit breaker adapted to control a driving circuit in which the coil, 22, is included and which circuit breaker is operatively connected with the lever, 33, through a link, 37

The circuits whereby the elements above enumerated are electrically connected with one another to provide an operative signaling system, and the'manner and sequence in which said elements are operated by current flowing from the local battery, 6, will appear from the following explanation:

When there is no railway vehicle upon the insulated track section made up of the rails,

2, 3, current from 'the track battery, 4, will energize the relay 5 and keep the circuit closing elements thereof in contact with thefront contacts, 7 8; from which it follows that when the parts are in their normal initial positions and the signal member, is not being operated, current will flow from the battery 6 through the front stop or contact 7 of the relay, through a holding circuit formed by the conductors 40, 41, 42 and 43, in which the driving coil, 22, is included, and back to the battery; from which it follows that the signal member, 25, will be held in its normal initial position, or within the hood or casing and out of sight in the embodiment of my invention illustrated; as the motor will cease to operate when the parts are about in the positions in which they are shown, for reasons to be hereinafter explained. If for any reason the battery 6, or other source of current, fails, the magnetizing action of the coil, 22, will cease and, the coil carrying member 21 and the operating member 15, not beingheld together by the action of the said coil,

the signal member, 25, will automatically move into a position other than its normal initial position, or downward and out of the,

nleanwhile-remaining in an inoperative con dition. as its operation is dependent upon current from the local-battery (3.

\Vhen a railway vehicle approaches the crossing guarded by thesignal and runs.

onto the rail sections 2, 3, the battery 4 will be short eircuited through the" wheels and axle of the vehicle, thereby diverting the greater part of the current from the relay,

as the same is of high resistance. This deenergizes the relay and permits the circuit closing elements thereof to move into engagement with the back contacts 9, whereupon current will flow from the battery 6, through th back contact, 10, of the relay, through a main circuit formed by the conductors 44, 45, 46, 47 and 43, in which the motor 14 and the magnet 31 are included, and back to the battery. As soon as the electromagnet, 31, is energized, the brake shoe, 32, is moved out of engagement with the motor element with which it coacts, the

circuit closing device, 35, 'is operated to close the circuit controlled by it, and current will flow from the battery, 6, through the back contact, 9, of the relay, through a normally open driving circuit formed by the conductors 48, 49, 41, 42 and 43, in which the switch 35 and driving-coil 22 are included, thus energizing the coiland holding the members 15 and 22 together, as hereinbefore explained. The parts being thus placed in condition to operate the signal member, 25, it will be obvious that the same will be swung out of the hood or casing, 28, and back thereinto a plurality of times, as the motor operates, and that such swinging motion willcontinue as long as any portion of the railway vehicle or train remains upon the insulated track section formed by the rails 2, 3.

When the vehicle leaves the insulated track section, the relay is again energized, thus moving the circuit closing elements thereof into engagement with the front contacts, breaking the main circuit at the ter minal 10 and the driving circuit at the terminal 9; and closing the holding circuit through the front contact 7 and coil .22, as above explained.

In order to insure that the signal member 25 will be moved into a definite initial position, and into the hood or casing, 28, in the embodiment of my invention illustrated, I provide means for continuing the operation of the motor for a short time after the main circuit is broken and the circuit closing elements of the relay have been moved into engagement with the front contacts thereof;

said means comprising the circuit breaker orv switch, 29, and an auxiliary circuit through i which current flows from the battery, 6,

through the front contact, 8, and which circuit comprises the conductors 50, 51, 45, 46, 47- and 43, and in which the motor 14, magnet 31, and circuit-closer, 29, are included. If the main circuit is broken and the motor stops when the parts are in the positions in which they are shown in the drawing there will be no flow through the auxiliary circuit,

because it isbroken at thecircuit closer 29.

If, however, the lug, 30, is not in engagement with the circuit-closer when the main circuit is broken, then the circuit will be be closed by the circuit-closer, 35.

closed and current will flow therethrough to continue the operation of the motor until the signal member is returned to its initial position, whereupon the lug, 30, operates. the switch, 29, and breaks the main circuit. When the current ceases to flow through the electro-,magnet 31, which is included in both the main and auxiliary circuits, as explained, the spring, 34, will pull the brake shoe, 32, against the part of the motor with which it cooperates, thus arresting the movement of the motor.

In the above explanation where the main and driving circuits were referred to, and wherein it appeared that the driving circuit was normally broken at the switch, 35, no reason was given for the use of this feature;

and it will be appreciated that the motor will operate the swinging signal in the same way whether said driving circuit is nor mally open at the'switch, 35, or is made continuous as by omitting said switch. When the switch is used, however, and when the relay, 5, is deenergized to start the motor and operate the signal member, as explained, then if there is a break in any part of the main circuit current will not flow therethrough, the electromagnet, 31, will not be energized, and the driving circuit will not The holdin circuit through the front contact, 7 and coil, 22, will, however, be broken as the relay is denergized and the armature thereof moves from the front to the back contacts and, if the main circuit is broken we 'or defective, the electro-magnet, '31, will not be energized, the driving circuit will not be closed at the switch, 35, and there will be no. flow of current through the coil, 22, to hold the elements 15and'21 together and me cause them to move in unison. Under such conditions the signal member, 25, will move into a position other than its normal initial position, or downward and out of the casing and into a visible position in the en'ibodi- 113 ment of-my invention illustrated, the same as above explained in referring to a failure of the local battery; and the signal member will ordinarily remain in the position assumed until the trouble is remedied, for 11s the coilcarrying member will have been moved so far from the member, 15, that the magnetism established when the relay is reenergized and the holding circuit reestablished will ordinarily not be sufiicient to pull 1% the upper ends of the members 15, 21, together, It will be appreciated that should the signal member, 25, move into the vertical visible position in which it is shown in dotted lines in the drawing, either because of a failure of the battery, 6, to supply current or because of a break in the main motor circuit, it will remain stationary in that position and serve as a warning indicator that the signal system is out of order. the

Having ,thus described my invention and explained the operation thereof, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a railway crossing signal, a swingingvisible signal member; means whereby said member is normally'hidden' from view; a source of electricity; an electric motor operated by current from said source and operativ'ely connected with said signal member and adapted to move the same into a visible position a plurality of times; and means for causing said motor to operate said signal member.

2. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible-signalmember; means whereby said member is normally hidden from view; a source of electricity; an electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively connectedwith said signal member and adapted to move the same into a visible position a, plurality of times; means for causing said motor to operate said signal member; andmeans whereby said signal member is caused to move into a visible position upon a failure 'of' said source of electricity to supply current to the system.

3. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; means whereby said member is normally hidden from View; a source of electricity; an electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to move the same into a visible position a plurality of times; means for causing said motor to operate said signal member; and means whereby said signal member is caused .to move into a visible position should the circuit through which current, is supplied to said motor be broken.

4. In a railway crossing signal. a swinging visible signalmember; means whereby said member is normally hidden from view; a source ofelectricity; a normally inoperative electric. motor operated by current from said source andoperatively connected with said signal member, and adapted to move the same into a visible positiona plurality of times; and means for controllingthe flow of electricity to said motor to operate'the' same.

In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; means whereby said ll'ibll'lbel is normally hidden from viei a source of electricity; anormally inoperative electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively connected with said'signal member, and adapted to move the circuit through which current is supplied to said motor be broken.

7. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal n'ieinber; means whereby said member is normally hidden from view; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to move the same into a visible position a plurality of times; a source of electricity; a main circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied .to said motor; circuit controlling means included in said main circuit; and' electrically operated means for operating said circuit controlling means.

. 8. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; means whereby said member is normally hidden from View; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to move the same intoa visible position a plu'ality of times; a sourceof electricity; a main' circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied to said motor; circuit controlling means included in said main circuit; electrically operated means for oper:

ating said circuit controlling means; :and'

electromagnetic means energized by current derived from said source for holding said signal member in its normally hidden position.

9.-In a railway crossing signal, a swinga normally inoperative electric motor oper-t atively connected with said s gnal member and adapted to-move the same into a visible position a plurality of times; a source of electricity; a main circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied to said motor; circuit controlling-means included in said main circuit; electrically operated means for bperating s'aid circuit controlling'means; electro-magnetid means energized by current derivedfrom said source for holding said signaljmeiiiber in its normally hidden position; a normally open circuit in which said means is included; a switch for controlling said circuit; and an electro-magnet included in said main circuit and adapted to operate said switch to close said'last mentioned cir cuit.

the operation thereof after said main circuit has been broken; circuit controlling means adapted to close said main circuit and open said auxiliary circuit, and to open said main circuit and close said auxiliary circuit; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits; means for operating said circuit controlling means;

and means for automatically breaking said auxiliary circuit when said signal member has been returned to its initial position.

lLIn a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible'signal member; a source of electricity; an electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; means for causing said motor to operate said signal member; and means for moving said signal member into a position other than its normal initial position upon a failure of said source of electricity.

12. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a source of electricity; a normally inoperative electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; electrically operated means for closing a circuit in which said motor is included to thereby operate said signal member; and means for moving said signal member into a position other than its normal initial position upon a failure of said source-oi. electricity.

13. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a source of electricity; a normally inoperative electric motor operated by current from said source and operatively'connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; electrically operated means for closing a circuit in which said motor is included to thereby operate said signal member; and means for moving said signal member into a position other than its normal initial position, should the circuit in which said motor is included be broken.

14. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a source of electricity; a normally inoperative electric. motor operated by current from said source and operatively connected with said signal mcmbc and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; means for controlling the flow of electricity to said motor; and means whereby said signal member is caused to move into a position other than its normal initial position upon a failure of said source of electricity.

15. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times: a main circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto; an auxiliary circuit through which current may flow to said motor to thereby continue the operation thereof after said main circuit has been broken; circuit controlling means adapted to close said main circuit and open said auxiliary circuit, and to open said main circuit and close said auxiliary circuit; a source of. electricity adapted to. supply current to said circuits;

means for operating said circuit controlling means; and means for automatically breaking said auxiliary circuit when said signal member has been returned to its initial position.

16. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a normallyinoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted .to swing the same a plurality of times: a

main circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto: an auxiliary circuit through which current may flow to said mot-or to thereby continue the operation thereof after said main circuit has been broken; circuit controlling means adapted to control said main and auxiliary circuits ;a source of electricity for supplying currentto said circuits; means for operating said circuit controlling means; and means for automati cally breaking said auxiliary circuit when said signal member has. been returned to its initial. position.

17. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; a source of electricity; a circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto; circuit controlling means included in said circuit and adapted to make and break the same; electrically operated means for operating said circuit controlling means; and electro-magnetic means energized by current derived from' said source for holding said signal member in itsnormal initial position.

18. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member so arranged that it may be moved by gravity when it is in its normal initial position; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected With said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; a source of electricity; a circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto; circuit controlling means included in said circuit and adapted to make and break the same; electrically 0perated meansfor operating said circuit con trolling means; and electro-magnetic means energized by current derived from said source for holding saidsignal member in its normal initial position.

19. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member so arranged that it may be moved by gravity when it is in its normal initial position; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; a source of electricity; a circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto; circuit controlling means included in said circuit and adapted to make and break the same; electrically operated means for operating said circuit controlling means; means whereby said signal member is hidden from view when 1n its normal initial position; and electro-magnet-ic means energized by current derived from said source for holding said signal member in its normal initial position.

20. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member so arranged that I it may be moved by gravity when it isin its normal initial position; a normally inoperative electric. motor; means including two independently movable members through which motion is transmitted from said motor to said signal member to thereby swing the same a plurality of times; electromagnetic means wh'erebysaid members may be magnetically connected together so as to move in unison; a holding circuit in which said electro-magnetic means is included; a main circuit in which said motor is included and-through which currentis supplied thereto; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits; circuit controlling means adapted to control the flow of current in said circuits; means for preventing a flowof current through said driving circuit should said main circuit be broken; and means for operating said circuit controlling means. I

21. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging signal member so arranged that it maybe moved by gravity when it is in its normal initial position means whereby said signal memher is hidden from view when in its normal initial position; a normally inoperative electric motor; means including two independently movable members through which motion -1 transmitted from said motor to said signal'member to thereby swing thesame a plurality of times; electro-magnetic means whereby said members may be magnetically connectedtogether soas to move in unison; aholding circuit in which said clectromagnetic means is included; a main circuit in which said motor is' included and through which current is supplied thereto; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits; circuit controlling means adapted to control the flow of current in said circuits; means for preventing a flow of current through said driving circuit should said main circuit'be broken; and means for operating said circuit controlling means.

22, In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member so arranged that it may be moved by gravity when it is in its normal initial position; a normally inoperative electric motor operatively connected with said signal member and adapted to swing the same a plurality of times; a main circuit in which said motor is included and through which current is supplied thereto; an auxiliary circuit through which current may flow to said motor to thereby continue the operation thereof after said main cir- '.cuit has been broken; circuit controlling means adapted to close said main circuit and open said auxiliary circuit, and toopen said main circuit and close said auxiliary c1r cuit; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits; means for operating said circuit controlling means; means for automatically breaking said auxiliary circuit when said signal member has been restored to its initial position; and

electro-magnetic means energized by current derived from said source forholding said signal member in its normal initial position. 23. In a railway crossing signal, a swing mg "isible signal member so arranged that it may be moved by gravity when it is in its normal initial position; means whereby said.

circuit and open said auxiliary circuit, and;

to open saic 'main circuit and close said aux iliary circuit; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits;'means for operating said circuit controlling means; means for automatically breaking said"'a1i1"xiliary circuit when said signal member has been restored to its initial position; and electro-magnetic means energized by current derived from said source for holding normal initial poone of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one another; a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving, circuit in which said driving coil is included; a source of electricity adapted to supply current to said circuits; and means adapted to control said circuits.

25. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a normally inoperative electric motor adapted to swing said signal member a plurality of times; an oscillating operating member operated by said motor; an oscillating driving member opertively connected with said signal member; a driving coil carried by one of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one another; .a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving circult in which said driving coil is included; a source ofelectrici'ty adapted to v supply current to said circuits; means adapt ed to control said circuits; and a switch included in said driving circuit and controlled by the current flowing in said main circuit.

26. In a railway'crossing signal a swinging visible ignal member; a normally inop erative electric motor adapted to swing said signal member a plurality of times; an oscillating operating member operated by said motor; an oscillating driving memberopertively connected with said signal member; a driving coil carried by one of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one anothe'; a holding circuit in which said driving coil may be included; a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving circuit in which said driving coil may also be included; means adapted when energized to close said holding and open said main and driving circuits, and when denergized to open said holding and close said main and driving circuits; and a source of electricity for supplying current to said circuits.

27. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible Signal member; a normally inoperative electric motor adapted to swing said signal member a plurality of times; an oscillating operating member operated by said motor; an oscillating driving member operatively connected with said signal member; a driving coil carried by one of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one another; a holding circuit in which said driving coil may be included; a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving circuit in which said driving coil may also be included; means adapted when energized to close said holding and open said main and driving circuits, and when de'nergized to open said holding and close said main and driving circuits; a source of electricity for supplying current to said circuits; and a switch included in said driving circuit and controlled by the current flowing in said main circuit.

28. In a railway crossing signal, a swinging visible signal member; a normally inoperative electric motor adapted to swing said signal member a plurality of times; an oscillating operating member operated by said motor; an oscillating driving member operatively connected with said signal member; a driving coil carried by one of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one another; a holding circuit in which said driving coil may be included; a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving circuit in which said driving coil may also be included; -means adapted when energized to close said holding and open said main and driving circuits, and when deenergized to opensaid holding and close said main and driving cir cuits; an auxiliary circuit so arranged as to be closed when said means is energized and through which current may flow to said motor to'thereby continue the operation thereof after said means is energized; a source of electricity for supplying "current to said circuits; and means for automatically breaking said auxiliary circuit when said signal member has been returned to its initial position.

29; In a railway crossing signal, a swingerative electric motor adapted to swing said signal member a plurality of times; an oscillating operating member operated by said ,motor; an oscillating driving member, operatively connected with said slgnal member; a driving coil carried by one of said members whereby said members may be magnetically connected with one another; a holding circuit in which said driving'coilmay be included; a main circuit in which said motor is included; a driving circuit in which said driving coil may also be included; means adapted when energized to close said holding and open'said main and driving circuits and when deenergized to open said holding and close said main and driving circuits; a switch included in said driving circuit and controlled by the current flowing in said main circuit; an auxiliary circuit so arranged as to be closed when said means is energized and through which current may flow to said motor to thereby continue the operation thereof after said means is energized; a source of electricity for supplying current to said circuits; and means for auto' ing said member in an inclined position, and.

means for obscuring said member when in inclined position. v

p 31. A railway crossing signal comprising a pendulum-like warning member mounted to oscillate, electromagnetic means adapted to swing to and fro continuously, other electromagnetic means adapted when energized to hold said member in an inclined position, and means for obscuring said member when in inclinedposition.

32. A railway crossing signal comprising a pendulum-like warning member mounted to oscillate, means for causing continuous swinging of said member, electromagnetic means for operating said first-mentioned means, electromagnetic means for holding said member in an inclined position, and means for obscuring said member when in inclined position.

38. A railway crossing signal comprising a pendulum-like warning member mounted to oscillate, an electric motor-having a member which rotates when the motor is energized, means operated by said motor member for causing said warning member to swing to and fro'continuously, electromagnetic means for holding said warning'member in an inclined posltion, and means for obscuring said member when in inclined position. r .v

34. A railway crossing signal comprising a member biased to one position, indicating a defect; means for continuously oscillating the member, indicating danger, and means for moving the member to and holding itin a hidden position, indicating safety.

STANLEY CHARLES BRYANT.

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