US1294245A - Elastic-fluid turbine. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. DURAN.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0CT.17.1917.

1 2@%,%%5n Patented Feb. 11, 1919.

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JohnFLDOran, b5

H is .fi ttorneg.

JOHN H. DQRAN, F SGHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

v ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. DORAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic- Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

.In elastic fluid turbines of large sizes, the volume of the motive fluid becomes very great in the. last stages, and the problem of providing bucket areas sufiiciently large to handle it efiiciently is an important one, the permissible length of buckets being limited 'due to mechanical reasons as is well known.

One arrangement for accomplishin this is to build the low pressure portion 0 the machine in two sections between which the clastic fluid is divided and through which it passes in parallel, and the object of the present invention is to provide an improved arrangement or structure in a turbine of this type.

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my'invention, attention is directed to the accompanying specification and claims appended thereto.

In the drawing the figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a turbine embodying my invention.

Referring to the drawing, indicates a turbine shaft, 6 the bucket rings of a high pressure turbine section, and 7 and 8 the bucket rings of a divided low pressure turbine section. In the present instance, the bucket rings 6 are shown as being carried by a drum 9 suitably mounted on the shaft, but it will be understood that they may be carried by suitable wheels if found desirable. Surrounding the bucket rings 6 is an inner casing 10 which carries the stationary intermediates 11 of the high pressure turbine section. In the case of an impulse turbine these will be of course in the form of suitable nozzles. 12 indicates suitable packings for preventing leakage between the drum 9 and the intermediates 11. Surrounding the casing 10 at its high pressure end is a wall 13 forming an elastic fluid chest 14 from which motive fluid is fed by annular passage 15 to the first ring of intermediates 11. The arrangement it Wlll be noted is for complete peripheral admission. One or more conduits as indicated at 16 may be used to sup ply elastic fluid to the chest 14:. At 17 is a labyrinth packing which acts to prevent leakage of motive fluid and also to balance the end thrust of the machine. The stationary elements of packing 17 are carried by an annular plate 18 fixed to casing 10 and the rotating elements by an annular ring 19 bolted to the drum 9.

Each art of the divided low pressure section is siiown as comprising a single ring of buckets, the ring 7 being carried by a wheel 20 and the ring 8 by a wheel 21, such wheels being located close up to and one on each side of the drum 9. Surrounding the inner casing 10 is an outer casing 22 spaced from and connected to the inner casing by webs 23. In other words, the inner casing 10 is supported in spacedrelation to the outer casing 22 by the webs 23. Carried by the outer casing 22 are two rings of intermediates or nozzles 24 and 25 for directing elastic fluid to the bucket rings 7 and 8. The space between the two casings 10 and 22 forms a passage for conveying elastic fluid from the high pressure turbine section to the ring of intermediate 24. Connected to the outer casing 22is an exhaust housing comprising two sections 26 and 27, one on each side of the machine. The two sections merge into each other to form an exhaust conduit 28. In the present instance they are shown as beingbolted to flanges 29 on the casing 22. Where the shaft 5 passes through the exhaust casing section, suitable packlngs 30 are provided to prevent leakage of air into the exhaust housing. 31 is a ring bolted to the rotor drum 9 whichserves to direct the elastic fluid from the ultimate ring of buckets on the drum 6 toward the ports of the low pressure turbine section.

In operation, elastic fluid entering by means of conduit 16 is fed from the chest 14 tothe high pressure turbine section comprising bucket rings 6 and intermediates l1, and after passing therethrough divides between the two parts of the low pressure section from which it exhausts to the exhaust housing sections 26 and 27. Since each part of the low pressure turbine section has to handle only half the elastic fluid, the buckets 7 and 8 can be kept within the necessary limits as to length.

The pressure of the elastic fluid on the ring 19 carried by rotor 9 which produces a thrust toward the left, balances the pressure on the rotor Which produces a thrust this means encl thrust toward the right.

natecli By the above describecl arrangement 1 obtain a very short compact turbine capable of: handling; eficiently in the low pressure encl a large volume of elastic fluirl. As will be noted there are in substance three concentric passages for handling the fluid, first the passage through the high pressure turbine section, second, the passage between the inner and outer casing 10 and 22, and third, the exhaust housing, and it is clue to this that l are enabled to greatly diminish the shaft length. Since the elastic filllhl chest 1 directly surrounds the casing 10 no extra length is required for this. and the bringing of the conduit or conduits 16 directly through the exhaust housing 26 and outer casing 252 to the chest 14: greatly simplifies the piping arrangement. It Will also be noted that the shaft on both sides of the machine passes out of the turbine casing at points of low pressure so that no high pressure packings are required. at these points. Also by having the exhaust housing sections forinecl separate and bolted to the casing 22, they can be readily turnecl to any angle so as to discharge the exhaust fiuicl downward, as one sicle, or upward as may be tonne uesirable in particular installation.

in {10L patent" ciple or with the ance with the provisions of the tes, I have described the princration my invention, together garatus which I now consider to the best ernbcclirnent thereof; but

are it unclerstoocl that the apillustrative and that t. n can he carried out by other hy the a, a cliviclecl low pressure turbine section having its two moving; parts located each side of the high pressure seca stationary housing; for the turh surrounds the high pressure ancl ure sections and carries the staail sairl sections saicl housing embodying inner and an outer casing Wall between nich is an annular conduit for conveying; elastic :icl to one of the low pressure parts,

and an exhaust housing surrounding sai stationary housing and haust outlet.

2. an el stic fluic turbine, the combination of shaft, a high pressure turbine section having its moving elements carriecl by the shaft, an inner casing surrounding saicl carried by the inner casing for directing fluid to the moving elements, a divided low pressure turbine section having its moving parts locateol on opposite sides or" the high pressure section, an outer casing, stationary elements carried thereby for directing fluid tothe saicl said inner outer casings forming conrluits, an exhaust housing connected to the outer casing and at least partially surrounding it, whereby saicl exhaust housing, outer casing and inner casing are concentric.

3. in an elastic iluicl turbine, the coinbination-of a shaft, a high pressure turbine section having its moving elements carried by the shaft, an inner casing" surrounding said moving elements, stationary elements carrie'ol by the inner casing for directing fluid to the moving elemen s, a rlirirlecl low pressure turbine section having its moving parts locatec on oppos te sides of the high pressure so an casing, stationary elements car thereby for directing fiuirl to the saicl w e p lts, ancl xhaust J n i t tents, casing l to the moving elercmpressure tur i ts locat .L Q QLletff Cal,

c which exhaust, sairl exeying; a single discharge outthe high prestion, a conrluit which saicl casiin for moving elements, stationary elements moving" parts, the space between Y

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