US1288460A - Lightning-arrester. - Google Patents

Description

F. W. ADSlT.

LIGHTNING ARRESTER.

APPLICATION FILED 050.4. 1916.

1,288,460. Patented Dec. 24, 1918.

ava/Z07 PATENT OFFICE.

UNITED STATES FRANK W. ADSIT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

. Q *LIGHTNING-ARRESTER.

- To all whom it may concern:

for maintaining an are between the two points on the circuit that the arrester is designed to protect.

One object of my invention is to in a lightning rrester means for the gap in length.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide in a lightning arrester having a gap of considerable length means for maintaining an ar in said gap under certain voltage and amperage con ltions.

' Another object of my invention is to provide in a lightning arrester means for mak ing a path of lowresistance across the arrester under break-down conditions, that will be self-cleansing as soon as the breakdown conditions are ended.

Another object of my invention is to provide a lightningarrester that may be readily mounted and be accessible and easily re; placed in its mounting.

provide YVith these and incidental objects in view.

the invention consists of certain novel features of construction and combination 'of parts, the essential elements of which areset forth in appended claims and a preferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter described with reference to the drawing which accompanies and forms a part of this specification.

In the drawing, Figure 1, discloses a longitudinal section of my invention with the wire loops 1 forming a contact member shown in full. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of an alternate construction, and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of thesame.

The arrester case is preferably made in the form of a glass bulb, although other material may be used, and is shaped insuch fashion that mercury or other suitablematerial will settle to points as at 3 and a, with Specification of Letters Patent. Pate Application filed'December 4, 1916. Serial Ii'o. 135,268.

having" the arrester of considerable nted Dec. 24, I918.

' i a predetermined gap 5 between the two mercury elements.

The loops 1 are in a plane substantially at right angles to the axis of the. bulb and are so arranged as to always make contact with the mercury as at 13, no matter what position the bulb 2 may be turned about its longitudinal axis. The ends of the wire loops 1 sealed through the glass as at 6 are brought out and soldered to metal caps 7 which are firmly secured to the case 1 by cementing with gypsum plaster, or other suitable material, the cap 7 being referably turned down as at 8 and the bulb bein proyided with an extension flange 9 to make the oint more secure.

The construction as shown in Fig. 1 allows the ar'rester to be. readily placed in a fuse block, such as disclosed in Fig. 2, which I is of ordinary construction and consists of a pair of sprin clips 9 and'lO at each end of'the fuse bloc s to receive the caps 7, thus allowing a circuit to be led through from the points 11 and 12to receive protection from the arr-ester.

The bulb 2 with the mercury therein is preferably partially exhausted of air so that a voltage abnormal to the circuit will readily break down the gap 5, and if the current is of any considerable volume the mercury will form an arc across the gap 5, thus placing .a short circuit across terminals 11 and 12, and in eneral practice one of the points 11 or 12 Wlll be grounded.

Fig. 3 discloses another form of my improved arrester in whichthe caps la are adapted to be received by the spring clips 15, and the central ring 16 to be received by the spring 17 ,s0 that two sides of a metallic v ground through the mercury vapor will be of low resistance the line within will be thoroughly protected from the abnormal voltage, as all current will be led through this low resistance to the ground.

While I have described my invention and illustrated it with the drawing herewith, I

do not wish myself-to be understood as confining myself to the particular construction shown, as it is evident that my invent on may be embodied in various ways within the 500 e of the following laims. (llaims;

1. "In a lightning arrester the combination/ of a substantially dumb-bell shaped bulb, a terminal cap at eitherend' of said bulb, a terminal loop substantially circular located at either end of the interior of said bulb, and

one set of loops connecting with each ter minal cap, mercury within said bulb of such amount in respect to the size of the bulb, that when said bulb is positioned horizontally a portion" of mercury will settle at either end, making contact with either loop, andhaving a substantial air gap between the two portions of said'merciiry.

2. In a lightning arrester the combination of a case having a substantially roimd e11 larged ortion on each end, and a. third substantia 1 round portion intermediate of said en s, terminal loops iii-each of said enlarged portions, saidl loops being ina plane, substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said case, exterior cirwith said terminal loops within .said case, liquid Within cular terminals connecting said case of such amount in respect to size of said case and said enlarged portions thereof, that when said case is positioned FRANK w. ADsrr;

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