US1285810A - Lock. - Google Patents

Description

1. H. SHAW.

LOCK. APRI-NATION FILED IAN. 23| 1918- 1,285,810. Patented Nov. 26, 19'18 "k Rf F i f7 fr? O 15 I6 4 35 L25 21 $210 /1/A/ 17 f e1 X 4 f O O 30 a L /f0 27 Sz if i $2/ hill; 5 "l'" f2@ w INVENTOR ATTORNEY UruTnD sTATEs PATENT oren. i'

JOHN H. SHAW, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 SARGENT & COMPANY, OE NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

LOCK.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN H. SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of New Haven, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to locks, and more particularly to mortise locks having what are known as inside and outside dead bolts, which l bolts are commonly provided with tumblers and also with means for connecting the tumblers upon one bolt to the tumbler upon the other bolt, whereby the tumblers upon one bolt may be released by operating the tumbler upon the other bolt.

Heretofore, it has been common to provide mortise locks having inside and outside dead bolts with a plurality of tumblers mounted on the outside dead bolt, and with a single tumbler mounted on the inside bolt, and it has also been common to provide 'means for connecting the tumblers upon one bolt to the tumbler upon'the other bolt, so that when the tumblers upon one bolt are operated, they will operate the tumbler upon the other bolt, and vice versa.

The object of my invention is to improve the means which releases the tumbler or tumblers upon one bolt when the tumbler or tumblers upon the other bolt are released. A further object of my invention is to so construct the releasing means just referred to, that the tumbler mounted upon the inside bolt will not be operated unless one particular tumbler mounted upon the outside bolt is operated; that is, to so construct the releasing means between the two sets of tumblers that the difficulty of releasing the inside tumbler by inserting any key in the outside key hole, except the key particularly designed for this purpose, will be materially increased.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

1n the accompanying drawing- Figure lis a fragmentary side elevation of my improved mortise lock, having the cap plate removed and showing both bolts 1n their retracted position;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing both bolts partly protracted, the outside key Specification of Letters Patent.

`side of the door.

Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

Application led January 28, 1918. Serial No. 214,136.

being shown in operative engagement with its bolt and positioned to continue the outward movement of the bolt.

Fig. 3 is a rear edge view of Fig. 1, showing the rear of the case broken away;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows; f

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of the tumbler which is mounted upon the inside bolt;

Fig. 6 is a detailview of a tumbler-connecting bar; and

Figs. 7 and 8 are side views of keys used in connection with my lock.

Referring to the drawing, the mortise lock case is designated by the numeral 10. This case is provided with a sliding bolt 11, which is operated by a key inserted fromv the outside of the door in which my lock ismounted, and with a second sliding bolt 12, which is operated by a key inserted from the inwith an elongated slot, through which slot projects a pin or lugs 13, rigidly secured to one face of the lock case 10, upon which Va plurality of tumblers., hereinafter de- The bolt 11 is provided mounted. Each of the tumblers is provided with a spring 16, by which the tumblers are retained in the desired position.

In the lock which 1 have selected to illustrate my invention, 1 have shown ve tumblers pivotally mounted upon the pin 13, which tumblers 1 have designated by the numerals 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21. The tumbler 17 is provided with a pin 22, adapted to operate one or more of the other tumblers. The tumbler 17 is for this reason often termeda master or carrier tumbler. 1n this-particular instance, 1 have shown the pin 22 of sufficient length to operate the tumblers 18 and 19, but not long enough to operate the tumblers 20 and 21. Rigidly formed upon the bolt 11 is what is known as a fence or locking stump 23, and formed upon each of the tumblers 18 and 19 is a lug or projection 24, which cooperates with the fence 23 to hold the bolt 11 in either its protracted or retracted position. The tumbler 20 has formed upon the outer end thereof a lug or projection 25, theobject of which will be hereinafter described. r1`he tumbler 21 is known as an emergency tumbler, and operates in a well-kncwn manner. From the arrangement so tar described, it will be seen that the bolt 11 cannot be moved to either its locked or unlocked position until the lugs 24 upon the tumblers 18 and 19 have been moved out of engagement with the fence 23.

1t will also be seen that since the pin 22 is positioned to contact with the twotumblers just referred to, that these two tumblers may be moved out of engagement with the fence 23 by moving the tumbler 17 against the tension orn its spring 16.

lEhe tumbler 15 is provided with the usual lug or projection 27, which cooperates with the usual tence 23 formed rigidly upon the bolt 12. Upon the rear end of the 'tumbler 15 is formed a projection 29. 'Rigidly formed upon one side of this tumbler is a projecting1 arm 30, which arm extends at substantially right angles to the body of the tumbler and extends across the space between the bolts 11 and 12, the outer end of this arm being positioned to Contact with one edge of the tumbler 17, upon which tumbler the pin 22 is mounted, the arrangement being such that when the tumbler 15 is rocked about its pivotal mounting 1e to disengage the lug` 27 from the tence 28, as shown in Fig. 2, the outer end ot the arm 30 will contact with the tumbler 17 to move. the same and the tumblers 1S and 19 operated thereby, so that the lugs 24e will be disengaged from the Jfence 23 and both bolts 11 and 12 will be released, so that they can be moved either into or out of the lock. The arrangement just described. by which all ot the tumblers may be simultaneously moved out of lockingengagement with the fences formed upon the bolts`11 and 12 by moving the tumbler 15 is desirable, since the bolts 11 and 12 are connected. by the pivoted member 31, which is so constructed that the projection of one bolt will retract the other bolt in a well known manner. This movement of the bolts cannot take place unless both bolts are released, so that they are 'free to move. rlfhe Yfunction performed by the arm 30, as above set forth, is necessary when the door upon which my lock is mounted has been locked from the outside and it is desired to unlock the door from the inside of the same, in which case the key may be inserted in the kev hole from the inside ol' the door and rotated to protract the inside bolt 12, which, in turn,

Should it be desirable to open the door, upon which my lock is applied, from the outside of the same when the inside bolt is protracted, this may be accomplished by using a key which is especially designed for this purpose, such. a key usually being designated the emergency master key, which key is illustrated in Fig. 8. This key is so constructed that apart of its bit moves into operative engagement with the tumbler 20. which tumbler is the only one havingthe projection formed thereon. nWhen this tumbler is operated by the emergency master key just referred to, the tumbler 15 will also be operated, as shown in 131222, since the projections 25 and 29 formed on these two tumblers are connected by the connecting bar 32. 1t will, therefore, be seen that when a door having my lock applied thereto has been locked from the inside ot the same, the door cannot be unlocked from thel outside thereof except by means of a key especially designed to operate the tumbler 20, which tumbler, it should be noted, has its key-engagingr edge positioned considerably back oit the key-engagine4 edge of the tumbler 19. rThe edge of the connecting baroperating tumbler can be located much tarther away Jfrom the axis oi the key hole than is the edge oit tumbler 19, as shown in Fig. 3, which arrangement makes it very difficult for anyone attempting to pick the lock to locate the particular tumbler whose movement is necessary to release the inside bolt,

By referring to Fig. 8. it will be seen that the bit of the key 33 is provided with a reduced portion 33', which is adapted to enter between the tumblers 19 and 21. to engage the tumbler 20 and move it to the position shown in Fig. 2. in which figure the key 33 is shown operating the tumbler 20 to disengagze the lug 27 from the fence 28, so that the bolt 12 may be retracted as the bolt 11 is protracted by its key. In Fig. 7, I have shown the next highest key in the series ot' keys with which my lock is provided. rl`his key is usually termed the grand master key. It will be noted that the construction of this key would not permit a portion of its bit to enter between the tumblers 19 and 21 to operate thc tum- 1oler 20, nor should any of the other keys with which my lock may be provided be constructed to operate the tumbler 20, in

rthe manner above described, except the emergency master key 33.

From the above description, it will be apparent that by providing` two separate and independent elements and 32 for operatingthe tumblers which conerate with the bolts 11 and 12, in place of a single element, 1 have materially increased the difliculty of pickingr a lock provided with my improved device over the devices now in use, having a single tumbler-connecting slide or bar to operate both sets of tumblers.

I have not attempted to describe the modifications of the construction which may be adopted without departure from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means operated by the inside tumbler for moving a plurality of the outside tumblers to their unlocked position, and separate means for operatively connecting one of the outside tumblers which is not operated by the above mentioned means to the inside tumbler, whereby the inside tumbler will be released only by the operation of said last mentioned outside tumbler.

2. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means operatively connecting one of the outside tumblers to the inside tumbler for releasing the inside tumbler when said outside tumbler is operated, said means permitting the remaining outside tumblers to be released Without moving the inside tumbler, and separate and independent means for releasing other outside tumblers from said inside tumbler.

3. In Va mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means comprising a connecting bar for operatively connecting one of the outside tumblers to the inside tumbler without connecting the remaining outside tumblers to said inside tumbler, and means independent of said connecting bar for operating said remaining outside tumblers from the inside tumbler.

4. In a mortise lock having an inside and outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means for releasing a plurality of outside tumblers when the inside tumbler is operated, said means comprising a rigid projection formed upon said inside tumbler, the outer end of which abuts against one of the outside tumblers.

5. In a mortise lock having an inside and outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, integral means formed upon the inside tumbler for operating a plurality of outside tumblers, the outer end of said means being positioned to have abutting contact with one of said outside tumblers, and means for operatively connecting one of said outside tumblers to said inside tumbler.

6. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, integral means formed upon the inside tumbler for operating a plurality of outside tumblers, said means being positioned to extend across the space between said bolts with its outer end' positioned to operate said outside tumblers, and separate independent means for operating said inside tumbler from an outside tumbler.

7 In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, integral means formed upon the inside tumbler for operating a plurality of outside tumblers, said means being positioned to extend across the space between said bolts with its outer end positioned to operate said outside tumblers, and means for operatively connecting one of said outside tumblers to said inside tumbler.

8. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means comprising an arm projecting laterally from said inside tumbler for releasing a plurality of outside tumblers, and separate means for releasing said inside tumbler when one of said outside tumblers is operated, said last mentioned means comprising a projection formed on each of the two tumblers last mentioned and a bar connecting said projections.

9. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means for releasing the inside tumbler when a predetermined outside tumbler is operated, said means being independent of the other outside tumblers, whereby said releasing means is operated only by the predetermined outside tumbler, and separate means operated by said inside tumbler for releasing a plurality of outside tumblers.

10. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means provided upon one tumbler to move the tumbler upon the other bolt to releasing position, and separate and independent means for releasing said irst mentioned tumbler when one of said last mentioned tumblers is operated.

11. In a mortise lock having an inside and an outside dead bolt, tumblers cooperating with said bolts, means provided upon one tumbler to release the tumblers for the other bolt, and separate and independent means operated by one of the last mentioned tumblers to release the first mentioned tumbler. In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 25 day of January, 1918.

JOHN H. SHAW.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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