US1274964A - Carbureter for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

lntentm. Ang. (i, M18..

2 SHETS'- SHEET l.

A. WEIUMED.

CARBURHEH FOR :MERNM CGMQUS'UUN Emmaus APIUCATION ULEB ihk Fi Y@ Patented Aug. (L 19H5,

2 SHEETS--SHEET 2.

A. WEILAND.

ALFRED WEILAND, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY.

CARBURETER FOR INTERN Ii-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

ppllcation tiled February/'17, 1917. Serial No. 149,185.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALFRED iVmLANn, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Orange, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carhureters for Internal-oinbustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates generally to the control. regulation and feeding of liquid fuel to' explosive engines and relates more Specifically to the supply of liquid fuel to the carbureter or earhureting medimn and the discharge of hueh fue] to the motor intake. i

It is an object of the invelntiou to provide automatic meanel for maintainingl a supply of liquid. fuel available at all times, and under the eontrol of pressure Condiv tions, to furniah the requisite fuel to the carbureting ehamher for the use ot the. motor.

It, is a further objeet to provide fuel feeding means which automatirally vary aeeording;r to speed and load renditions so that sueh eonditions, as flooding' the earbul'eter when a mininmm supply is required and having it relatively empty when a maximum supply is needed. are entirely overeome.

further ohjeet of the invention is to provide a eomplete unitary fuel feeding der vive. the parte of which have a rommon housing or easing forming eompart 'fuel rereiving, storing.;` and eariuu'eting;l rhanr bere` and wherein pressure eonditioml are utilized to autoniatieally replenish the. liquid fuel exhausted by use, sueh replenisshingr taking plaee without eintritt-tingr or interfering with the regular and eontiuuous feeding to and operation of the liquid fuel jet or nozzle.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have hhown in the neeomparyiug drawings one form thereof which is at pre ent preferred by me. sinee the same has been found in praetiee to givey satisfaetory and reliable. resulta. although it is to he umlerstood that the various instrumentalit'iea of whieh my invention eousisty eau he va riously arranged and organized and thatv my invention is not. limited to the, preeiee arrangement and organization of the. instrumentalities as herein `Shown and deseribed.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 represents a plan of a earbureter embodying my invention, the throttle lever being onutted.

Fig. 2 represents a section 0n line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. l represents a section on line 4--4 of Fig. 1. i

Figi?) represents a sectional elevation of a modified form of the earhureter.

Fig. (i represents a section on line (ie-6 of F ig. 1.

Fig. T represents a section on lille Fig. l.

Fig. 8 representea detail of one of the valve levers.

Fig. tl repreeents a bottom plan of the valve levers.

l designates the easing of the earlmreter forming. in the present inatanee two Hoat ehamherl '2 and 3 spared hy the intel-me diate body wall 4 in whieh the earbureting ehamber 5 is formed. This chamber as eustoniary. eommunieates with the main air.

intake passage t at one end and with the motor intake T at the opposite end. Adjaeent this latter end the throttle valve tt is loeated and is under the control of the throttle lever tl as will be understood. The easing l is further formed with a main liquid fuel reservoir 1() loeated below the level of the two float ehambers 2 and 3 and serving: to supply the main jet or nozzle ll with liquid fuel to he. mixed with the air in ehanlher and supplied to the motor. 'l`he liquid fuel for the reservoir 10 is supplied from either ot' the ehamhers 2 and Si. theaetion of repleuishing beinzgr submittintially alternately earried out, that is one ot' the ehambers it an aetivo feedingr lnedilun for the reservoir l0 while the other eliamher is replenishintgr its t'uel supply from the main low level tank (not. shown) lov-ated at a eouvenient pointA tonsidvringif tiret the ermetruetion of rhamher 2 it will he noted that it is pref-y erable. though not neeessaty, to provide means whereby its fuel volume is normally lees than the fuel volume of the chamber Il since this is the ehamber which under working renditions ie' the active feeding agent for the reservoir lll.

'lhe ehamher .2 is provided-with a fuel inlet l2 eonuuuuieating with the main fuel eonduit 13 whit-h eonveys the said fuel from the low level tank as will be understood.

As here shown, the wall 4 is provided with a boss 14 on thechamber side, through which the fuel inlet conduit passes, carry ing a fiap valve 15 in the nature of a fiat plate held by'the stud 16 with sufficient lost motion to permit it to open under fuel pressure but to be normali held closed.

17 designates the outlet or the fuel from the chamber 2 to the reservoir 10, the same having a seat at one side to lreceive the cowl?"L trol valve 18. In the present instancetll'fl. valve 18 is provided at one side with a relatively long stem 19 which is guided through a ortion of the wall 4 and termi-` nates in ab float 21. The oposite side of the valve 18 has a split ro 22 and turn buckle 23 connection with a pivoted lever 24- for a purpose to be later described, and the rod ends join their respective parts by b'all joints 25 which permit tb(` required relative movement.

2G designates an unobstructed passage forming communication between the carbureting chamber 5 and the float chamber 2 above the normal liquid level in the said a chamber 2 and consequently the chamber 2 is subject to some extent to the saine vacuum oonditionsas exist in the chamber 5. Belowthe chamber 2, the casing 1 is suitably recessedto form an auxiliary overflow receiver 27 which prevents the liquid fuel from overflowing through the nozzle 11 intothe carbureting chamber 5 when the 'motor is at rest or when the vacuum is broken in either of the chambers 2 and 3., An hir vent 28 is provided to conduct air to the receiver 27 and maintain it under atmospheric conditions. A similar vent 42 for ailA is formed in the wall 4 and has its outlet 29 in relatively close proximity to the chamber outlet 17 and below the normal level of the liquid fuel. The Boat chamber 3 is substantially similar in details ofcon- .struction as the chamber 2 and Vit is thought unnecessary therefore to more than point out the corresponding parts. Thus ithas an outlet 30, a control valve 31 therefor, the long stem 32 connected by a ball joint with the iioat 33- also the split rod construction 34 and 35 joining the valve to a lever 36. It is also provided with a. passage 37 for establishing vacuum conditions in the float chamber 3 and the. fuel inlet 38 is controlled by a ila valve 39 similar to that for chamber 2. here is also the overiow receiver 40, its 'air vent 41 and the air passage 42 having an outlet below the fuel leve adjacent the outlet 30.

In connection with the levers 24 and 36, it should be noted that arms 43 are provided respectively for engaging the opposite lever .in order t at the downward movement of either lever under the opening of one or the other of the valves 18 or 31 causes the movall jointed connection Z0 to the ing. arm to engage the adjacent lever and close the outlet valve of that lever. There is, however, suiiicient lost motion in the valve connections to allow them to simultancously open slightly if necessary. i

Referring to Fig. 1,it will be seen that the main reservoir 10 extends beyond the wall of the casing on the throttle side and forms tivo auxiliary receptacles 45 and 46 the former being located adjacent the position of the throttle valvev and having 4a jet 47 in which the liquid fuel is normally mail?, tained at the level of the liquidilevel llrldle reservoir 10. It will be understoodthat both receptacles 45 'and 46 are forflitdvin an, extension of the casing 1 and that ,ewh" is chambered and in communication with the reservoir 10, so that each chamber, as a matter of fact, forms a part of the reservoir 10. 48 designates a suitable-bushi secured to the casing 1 and extending within the chamber 45 and having a bore 49 therein to receive the nozzle 4l as appears in Fig. 3. The bushing 48 for the ma]or part of its length is reduced in diameter in order to form a channel by which the air entering throu h the port 50 may reach the open end of tie lbushing 48 and thus mix with the fuel drawn out of the-jet 47. The bore 49A communicates with a conduit 51 which passes through the casing wall and discharges the mixed air and fuel outside of the throttle, that is to say, between the throttle and the motor intake. The throttle valve is here designated by the reference numeral 8 and is connected to the rotatable sleeve 53, this latter being suitably pinned as shown at 54 or by like equivalent means to the spindle 55 which carries the throttle lever 9.

57 designates a bushing or sleeve fixed within the casing 1 and bored out to form the above mentioned chamber 46, the said bore having a reduced portion extending through the part 57 and communicating with the reservoir 10, so thatthe fuel flows freely into the chamber 46 to the normal level. In the present instance, the s indie, 55 is provided with a passage 58 the inner end of which terminates below the liquid level while the outer end has *ree communication with the atmosphere and therefore forms a passage for air which is drawn in and bu bles through the liquid fuel and the resulting mixture is then-drawn out into the carbureting passage 5 by way of the port 59 formed in a laterall disposed boss 60 connected to the throttle sleeve 53. B reference to Figfl, it will be seen that t is port 59 discharges the mixture on the carburetor side of thethrottle valve and that its dischar e end is in close proximit.` to the wall ofY t 4echamber 5 when the t rottle is in closed position, but as the throttle opens' it moves nearer to the central portion of the chamber 5 so that the mixture drawn out'of the port 59 mingles with the body of the ex lesive mixture moving to the motor inta e. This action is distinguished from an auxiliary fuel feeding outlet which is in the wall of the carbureting chamber, since in that case articles of the liquid fuel adhere to the wa 1s and the value ol the mixture considerably lessened..

Referring to Fig. 5 of the drawings, a modified type of carbureter is shown wherein the supplemental or reserve float chamber is somewhat varied in construction,

'though still within the broad principle of my invention, while the active float chamber and its adjuncts remains unchanged and for that reason the same reference numerals are applied to the like parts of Fig. 5 as already applied to the parts of Fig. 2.

61 designates the supplemental float chamber which in the present instance, as compared to the float chamber 2 is relatively small but is provided with a discharge outlet 62 to allow the supply of liquid fuel to ilow into the reservoir 10 accordingto require ments and this outlet. as heretofore described is controlled by the valve (i3 which is ccnnected to the lever 64 and operated by the movement of the float 2l. Since the lever 64 is a onepiece lever pivoted at substan tially middle point any movement of the valve stern 19 will he correspondingly transmitted to the valve 63 and that valve o )cned or closed, as will be understood. e fuel supply conduit 13 communicates with the u per portion of the float chamber by way o a passage 65 which is suitably drilled in the body of the casing and terrninates in a valve seat 6 to receive the valve 6T of the float` and it will bc understood that the float 68 is maintained in operative position with respect to the Jfuel supply eonduit passage valve seat (ifi by suitably guiding the float stein in tl;` casing Wall, A port (i9 forms a communication between the carbureting chamber 5 and the chamber 61. so that the latter is subjected to a vacuum condition approximating that of the chamber An air vent 70 is provided similar to the air vent 28 andrserves to conduct air to apoint adjacent the outlet 62 so, that. whenl the valve G3 is opened the air bubbles through the' stored fuel supply and breaks the vacuum sufficiently to forni a. gradual feeding of the fuel to the nozzle in accord ance tvith thedemands of the motor.

By reference to Fig. 2, the operation of the carbureter will be understood to be as foll'owsz--ln this figure, the carbureter is shown with the supplemental chamber 3 serving as the Supply for the main iet nozzle 11, since the chamber 2 has been in use, its fuel diniinished to the low level necessary te cause tlu1 float 21 to lower sutliciently to close the valve i8 and itis being automatically replenishe' by a supply of fuel from the conduit 12. In connection with the action of -the chamber 3, it should be noted that while the valve 31 is open, it is not possible for the Stored liquid fuel to rush 0r fall out suddenly, since .the outlet 30 has its' mouth submerged and as there is a vacuum or a partial vacuum in the chamber 3 owing to the port 37, this liquid fuel is consequently trapped in the chamber 3 and may only be discharged in small increments due to air bubbling through the opening 3() from the passage 42. As this action is a continuous one, the liquid fuel is gradual] dis charged through the opening 30 in sulilcient quantities to replace the liquid fuel drawn out of the nozzle 1l by the o erationof the motor. While this auxiliary eed to the nozzle 11 is in operation, the chamber 2 has been filling and the suction tending to hold the valve 18 closed is sufficiently strong to overcome for a limited time the tendency of the float 21 to force the said valve from its seat and the result therefore is that the float is submerged for this short period be low the normal level of the liquid and when it does open the valve 18, it `)'uinps quickly to its normal floating position ,and thereby snaps the valve 18 to its full open position. This action is promptly transmltted through the double levers to the valve 31 and causes this latter to close so that the auxiliary chamber 3 may be refilled or replenished and placed in condition to serve as a substitute for the active chamber 2 when the latter has been practically exhausted. In case both the chambers 2 and 3 should be relieved of a vacuum condition as would take place when the motor is at rest, then the overflow chambers 27 and 4() take care of the excess fluid fuel which could run by gravity out of the chamber having its valve open, though, of course, this excess fluid would be drawn back into its reservoir as soon as the vacuum conditions were restored. The respective vents 28 and 41 allow the air in these overflow chambers to escape so that the liquid may enter as will be understood. In connection with the replenishing of the chambers 2 and 3, it will be evident that when either is empty or nearly 'empty and the outlet valve for that chamber closed, there will be a building up of the vacuum to such an extent as to draw fuel from the low level supply tank by way of the conduit 13 and the inlet valve forced oper. so that. the chamber is replenished in the required manner.

Referring to the auxiliary supply jets located adjacent the throttle, it will be evident, since the passage 51, from what I have called the slow speed jet, communicates with the motor intake directly there a definite mixture supply available even when the throttle is closed and which is particularly adapted to give a rich mixture for j for thejet nozzle. 11 while the c Aliqu slow speed .and starting purposes.y This priming mixture is always availale under starting conditions owing to the fact that the 1i uid level in 'the reservoir 10 rises considera ly above the normal when the motor is at rest, because of the excess-discharge from the vacuum relieved feedin chamber with the result that the liquid uel overflows the nozzle 47 and rises-Well within the chamber 45. The otherfau'xliary jet which I have preferred tofcrm as a movable part of the throttle is used more par-A ticularly for those conditions existln under intermediate speeds and wherefthe t `rottle is 'partiallyopen In this construction, the discharge passa 59 for the auxiliary mixture has its outet on the carburetor side of the throttle lvalve -but inoves with the throttle in' suchte manner that its outlet travels 'awa from the wall ofv the intake passa e an4 consequently approaches the ,centra portion of the intake assage so that the fuell mixture discharged rom it mingles directly with the main jet mixture without losses due to theiliquid particles adhering to the walls of the passage.

The o eration of the modified form of the device siiown in Fig. 5 is substantiall similar to that described for the preferre form, though it differs somewhat in minor details. Thus, for example, the chamber 2 is rela- -tiv'ely large as compared to the chamber 61 and o rates as the active supply chamber iamber 61 is proportxonedwith a view to having it serve as an active chamber only when the chamber 2 is idle and is being` replenished. Both chambers in this modification are provided with a -liquid sea-l for the discharge outlet and the discharge of the fuel is directly controlled bv the airwhich is allqwed to bubble through/the body of liquid and thus replace the minute quantity of 'fuel constantly drawn olf from'or required by the jet nozzle. The fuel su ply for the chamber 61 is controlled by a. goat operated valve which opens only upon a lowering of the float and at which time the vacuum in said chamber is capable of drawing in a freshsupply of fuel. :It will now be apparent that I have devised a complete unitary carbureter wherein the main reservoir br feeding chamber for y the nozzle is continuously replenished from one or the other of the suppl chambers 2 and 3. andthese supply cham ers are normaintained under a vacuum condition and` so controlled according to level lcondi- .tions existingwithin them that one is sup- ,plyin the main reservoir with fuel while the ot is automatically being filled from n) loivlovelliquid supply. I t will furtherthat each of the fuel supply 'isrovided with a li uid sea ed puidet, t 'at i s,- an outlet the mout of which Lamezial isnormally below the operating level of the mam reservoir and a jacent each outlet there is an air inlet which delivers air to the fuel volume o the other supply chamber whereby a considerable excess of liquid fuel is maintained yin the reserve or inactive chamber for us'eor at least available while the active chamber is automatically being replenish y by fuel drawn from the low level su p y. n this connection it should be observeA that thereservoirfvolumeo the active supply ,chamber and also the reserve chamber may be varied, either by changing` the dimensions of the chamber, or by provid ing chambers of the same dimensions, and employing Boats of different dimensions. In either way the fuel volume Aof the chambers ma be varied according to requirements.

l/ fhile I have in the presentdrawin s illustrated the carbureter as substantie. ly rectangular and with the supply chambers ar ranged in olpposed relation, it will be understood that do not wish to be restricted in any manner to the location of the suppl chambers with respect to each othercr wit i respect to the main reservoir nor do I wish to be limited to any particular form or shape of the device since, obviously, it may be varied in these particulars in many ways without departing from the invention.

It will now be apparent that 4I have devised a novel and useful construction which embodies the features of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above description and while I have in the present instance shown and described the preferred embodiment thereof which has been found in practice to give satisfactor' and reliable results, it is to be understoo that the same is susceptible ofmbdilication in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or'sacrificing any of its advantages.

What I claim is: b

1. In a device of the character stated, a carburetor having a main reservoir separate liquid fuel chambers communie ting with a low level.. liquid fuel supply, means to normally 4maintain both chambersunder vacuum conditions, and means includ- \ing liquid sealed outlets to control the ada volume of liI uid fuel less' than theliq'uid carburetor having a main reservoir and separate li uidfuelchambers communicatwith a ow level liquid fuel supply and `A`having outlets respectively to said main` reservoir, means to maintain both chambers under vacuum comlitions` a plurality of air inlets communicating with said main reservoir below said outlets` and means controlled by the liquid level in either chamber for controlling the admission of air from one or the other of said air 'inlets to one or the other of said fuel cl'iambers.

3, In a device of the character stated, a main reservoir and separate liquid fuel chambers romnmnicating with a low level liquid fuel supply and having outlets respectively to said main reservoir, means to maintain both chambers under vacuum conditions, air inlets communicating with said main reservoir at substaiitially the normal liquid level and respectively adjacent said outlets` and float controlled valves for the respective chambers to altcri'iatcly close andl open said outlets whereliy air is alternately admitted to said chambers to supply liquid fuel to said main reservoir,

4. ln a device ot' the character stated, u. carburetor ha ving a main reservoir and separate liquid fuel chambers f onmiunieat-4 ing with a lou' level liquid fuel supply, each chamber having a liquid outlet to said main reservoir, `said outlets being normally sealed by thc liquid in said main reservoir, and means under the control of level conditions to respectively admit air through said outlets alternately to said chambers` whereby a continuous supply of liquid fuel is delivered to said main reservoir.

5. ln a device of the character stated, a carburetor havingr a main reservoir and separate liquid fuel chambers communicating with a low level liquid fuel supply, cach chamber having' a liquid outlet to said nrain reservoir. said outlets being nornially scaled by the liquid in said main reservoir, means under thc control of level conditions to respectively admit air through said outletsV alternately to said. chambers, and means to automatically rcVlenish the, supply of liquid fuel to one cham 1er while the other chamber is feeding the main reservoir.

ti. In a. device of the character stated, a carburetor having a main reservoir and separate liquid fuel chan'ibers communicating with a low level liquid fuel supply, cach chamber having a liquid outlet to said main reservoir, said outlets being normally sealed by the li uid in said mam reservoir, means to norma ly maintain a vacuum condition in both chambers, means under the control of level condltlons 1n sind chambers to respectively admit air through said outlets respectively, a nozzle in communication with said main reservoir, and means to temporarily retain an excess of li uid fuel in case said vacuum condition is (broken in said chambers whereby the main reservoir level fuel in said main reservoir, a float in each chamber` valves controlled by the respective floats and operating to open and close the respective outlets` and air inlets to said main reservoir terminating adjacent the respective outlets whereby the opening of either valve admits air to one or the other chamber to cause liquid fuel to replenish said main reservoir.

Si ln a device of the character stated, a casing forming a carbureting chamber, a main Yreservoir and two separate auxiliar supply chambers, each chamber communleating with a source of low level liquid fuel supply andY adapted to deliver liquid fuel to said main reservoir, one of said chamber; being actively operative and the other being in reserve, means rendering said active chamber of less fuel volume than said reserve chamber, means to normally produce a vacuum in both chambers and a nozzle for delivering liquid fuel to Said carbureting chamber.

9. ln a device of the character stated, a casing forming a carbureting chamber, a main reservoir and two separate auxiliary supply chambers, each chamber communieating with a source of low level liquid fuel supply and adapted to deliver liquid fue] tor said main reservoir, valve controlled outlets from the respective chambers to said mainV reservoir, floats for respectively controlling:

the valves of said outlets, one of said floats beingr larger than 'the other so that the fuel volume of one chamber is less than that of the other chamber, means to normally produce a vacuum in both chambers, and a nozzle for delivering liquid fuel to said carbureting chamber. n

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.

ALFRED WEILAND.

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