US1264224A - Door-lock. - Google Patents

Description

0. K. TILLMAN,

DOOR LOCK. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8. 1911.

4 SHEETSSHEET 0. K. TILLMAN.

DOOR LOCK. APPLICATION man JUNE 8., l9ll.

Patented Apr. 30. 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 0. KQTI LLMAN.

DOOR LOCK. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, l9l7- I Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- a 4 iii-5% M 16' y! 1a; '6 12,

0. K. TILLMAN. D005 LocK; APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8. I911- Patanted Apr. 30, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

rm sat. ATWT W i ORION K. ITILLMALN, or HOBNER, wEs'r vrnernrn.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Onion K. TJLL AN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Homer, in" the county of Lewis and State of West Virginia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Door-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

,This invention relates to locks andthe primary object of the invention is to proconsequent release of the latch;

vide a lock which will eifectuallyresist all efforts to open the doorlfrom the outside except, by the use of a proper key. The in vention seeks to produce a lock which'may be applied to a door either as a mortise lock or a rim lock and which will beequipped with a dead latch controlled primarily by gravity which may be easily set to prevent manipulation of the latch toopen the door from the outside. A further object of the invention is to provide means for the escape of. dust which may possibly work into and collect in the casing, and a'still further object is to providela lockin which thebolt may be readily manipulated by the insertion of a properly fitted key but cannot be manipulated by a skeleton key or a bent wire or other implement. A still further object ofthe invention is to produce a latch bolt which maybe readily inverted or reversed so that the lock maybe applied to either a righthanded or left handed door.

The invention is illustrated in the accom' panying drawingspin which Figure 1 is a sideelevatio'n of a portion or" a door having myimproved lock applied thereto as a mortiselock; p

Flg. 2 1s. an edge elGVaUOILOf the door having the lock. arranged as shown in Fig. 3 is a view ofthe gravity dead latch shown "in Fig. 1, the parts being arranged to prevent rotation of the knob spindle and Fig. 4 is a sectionalelevation, the section being taken on the line of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a detail perspectiveview' ofthe dead latch shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the face plate of the casing being in position;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line 66ofFig.1; i Fig. 7 is a siinilarview with the lock applied as a rim lock;

8 is an'elevation of the lock ape plie as a'rim leek;

vfastening screws through the sockets ofthe knobs so that if bolt and the tumblers cooperating therewith, this figure showing the side of the bolt opposite that appearingin Fig. 4;

I Fig. l2 is a detail perspective view of the lmobspindle-engaging member of the dead latch shown in Fig. 1. v

The reference numeral l indicates a portion of a door having a mortise 2 formed therein, the outer or open side of said mortise being covered by a mortise plate 3 in the usual manner. p p

Within the mortise I fit the lock casing l which will be constructed of metal plates joined together by stud bolts a is now the general practice. Openings for thepassage of a knob spindle 5 are provided in the side V Specification of Letters Patent. 7 Patgntedl Apr; 3o.i9is. AppIication fi led June 8,1917. Seria1No.173,589.

saindle Send the evenin s to receive the may extend entirely aserew should be lost, a nailor pin maybe inserted so as to retain the knob on the spindle securely. The outer end of the knob spindle is enlarged, as shown at 8, so that the diameter of this end of the spindle will be greater than the diameter of the opening through which the spindle passes. Consequently, theattempts of a burglar or housebreaker to obtain access to the dwellingby removing the. knob and then. forcing the I spindle through the lock will be frustrated.

The hub 6 is journalecl at its ends in the lock casing and is constructed with a radial lug or tooth 9 which is adapted to" engage a notch 10 in the latch bolt 1 1 so that rotation of the knob spindle will actuate the said bolt. .The latch boltis shown most clearly in Fig. 8,in3which figureit will be noted,

that the, said bolt is constructed at its outer end with atongue 12 adapted to project through the voltienin'g in p the mortise plate 3,

said' e11d, being beveled as shown'at 13, so that thelatch may ride readilynpon. the M lock strikfeilt will also beneted that the body of the bolt is constructed with an elongated opening lawhereby the bolt may slide past the hub 6 and the knob spindle and a notch 10 is provided in both the upper and the lower wall of said opening or slot so that whichever Wall of the slot is uppermost, the bolt may be operatively engaged by the hub. The bolt is furthermore constructed in each side edge near its inner end with a notch 15 and between the said notch and its front end a recess 16 is provided in each edge of the latch bolt. It will thus be seen that the latch bolt is symmetrical and may be readily reversed within the lock casing so that the lock may be applied to any door whether the door swings to the right or to the left. A spring 17-is secured to the inner wall of the lock case below the latch bolt and has its upper free end bearing against the inner end of said bolt so that the force of the spring is exerted to hold said bolt in engagement with the socket 18 in the door frame and project ed through the strike plate 19. Below the latch belt, I pivotally mount within the lock case a gravity pawl or dog 20 which is inountedupon a stud pivot 21 at its lower inner corner and is provided at its inner upper corner with a tooth or spur 22 adapted to engage the notch 15 in the lower edge of the latch bolt. Upon reference to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the greater weight of this dog is disposed at the front of its pivot so that it tends to drop and thereby acts upon the bolt to project the same. The lock case will be provided with internal shoulders 23 to limit the outward movement of the bolt and thereby prevent breakage of the same or damage to either the dog or to the frame.

It will he noted that in the drawings, the latch bolt is shown projected by the action of both a spring and a weight and is furthermore so operatively connected with the knob spindle that it may be projected by locking the knob spindle in the proper direction so that, in the event that the spring should be broken and the weight also rendered inoperative for any reason, the latch may nevertheless be operated. In actual practice, I will generally omit .the spring as it is used primarily. to supplement the .action of the weight and may beomitted entirely without rendering the device inoperative. A guide .rib or way 2st willbe provided Within the lock casev so as to support the latch and guide the same in its movements, and this rib or guide will terminate short of the eXtreme forward position ofthe tooth I 22, as elearlyshown in Figsfland 8.

It will, of course, be understood that when the lock is arranged withina mortise, as illustratedin Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 6, the latch bolt is more or less inaccessible and a dead latch which depends for its success upon direct engagement with the bolt, cannot be easily employed. In this event, I provide the dead latch illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 4;, 5 and 6 which comprises a casing 25 secured to the inner face of the door and constructed with openings 26 to register with the openings provided in the door and the lock case 4: for the knob spindle. Within this case a hub 27 is secured upon the knob spindle 5 and this hub plays within an opening 28 in a gravitating holding member 29, a notch. 30 being provided in the forward end wall of the said opening to be engaged by a tooth or lug 31 on the said hub 27. The holding member 29 is a large weight resting upon the lower wall 32 of a recess 33 within the casing 25 and the said lower wall is inclined forwardly so that the weight of the member 29 will tend to retain it at the front end of the recess 33, as shown in Fig. 1, in which position the notch 30 will be out of engagement with the tooth or lug 31 and the knob spindle may rotate. A handle 3-1 is fixed in the lower edge of the holding block or plate 29 and projects through a slot 33 in the lower wall of the casing 25 so that the holding body may be shifted from one end to the other end of the casing, and the said slot also serves as an escape opening for any dust or dirt which may work into the casing and tend to collect therein. It will be readily understood that when it is desired to hold the latch bolt against opening movement, the handle 34 is pushed toward the inner end of the casing 25 and the notch 30 thereby brought into engagement with the lug 31, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, so that the rocking of the knob spindle will. be prevented inasmuch as the upper and lower edges of the weight or holding block 29 bear against the fiat upper and lower walls of the recess 33. To hold the plate or block 29 in either of its set positions, I provide a thumb lever 36 which is pivotally mounted at 37 in the upper portion of the casing 25 and has its inner corner projecting through thetop of the casing and suitably shaped for convenient engagement by a thumb or finger. Upon the lower edge of this thumb lever, at the free end thereof, I provide a depending tooth 38 which is adapted to engage a notch 39 in the upper edge of the holding block 29 or rest in the recess 40 at the upper inner corner of said block, the first-described position being illustrated in Fig. 3, while the last-described position is illustrated in Fig. 1. It will be readily understood that this construction permits the dead latch to be set or released as may be desired and it will be held in either position until the parts are manually manipulated from the interior of the building.

The dead latch arrangement just described is particularly designed for use when the lock is applied to a door as a mortise lock. lVhen, however, the lock is applied is a "rim" leagues described dead nah arrangement is omitted and instead ofthe same I employ the thumb lever 41 which is pivotally mounted in the upper end [of the lock case 4 and is constructed with an angiilar corner 42 adaptedto enter the recess 16 inthe latch boltf reference to Fig. 8, it will be noted that wlientl e shoulder or angular corner 421is in engagement with the recess 16, the latch bolt 11 cannot be with drawn and to holdthe thumb lever in this j position againstaccidental release by chance blows, I provide the dog 43 which is also pivoted vin the upper portion of the lockcase 4 between the thumb lever and the A front of the lock case and is [provided on one face with a recess44and a rib 45 adapted to ride overandengage a spur or rib 46on the side of the thumb lever, as

' When it is desired to permityreleaseof the latch bolt, thethumb lever and the dog 43 are swung to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, in which the free endof the dog bears againsttheinner end of the thumb lever and engages a transverse shoulder 48 on said lever to prevent the same accidentally dropping into engagement with thelatch bolt. Of course, it will-be understood that when the lock is applied as a mortise lock, the, thumb lever 41 and the dog 43 may be removed but this is not necessary as the mortise in the door may be made sufliciently them. i v

A partition 49 is provided within the lock case 4 below the gravity dog 20 and is shaped, as shown clearly in Fig. 4, to receive the lower torwardcorner of said dog when the same is in its lowestposition. Below the said partition, the key bolt 50 is large to accommodate slidably mounted in the lock case and rests upon the lower wallof said case, said wall being inclined rearwardly, as shown at 51, so that the bolt will tend to remain in a retracted position under the influence of gravity. .A dust escape opening 52 is provided through the lower wall or end of the lock case so as to permit "the escape of any dirtor dust that may accumulate therein. e The bolt-is constructed near its rear end with a transverse shoulder 53 adapted to engage a projection 54 on the inner wall of thelock case and be thereby limitedfin its retractingf movement, J and a transverse shoulder 55 is provided on the underside or edgeof the bolt to engagea shoulder 56 on the lowerjwall of the lock case andthereby' limit the projecting movement of the bolt! The projecting movement ofthe bolt is further limited by the transverse shoulder 57 at thetop of thebolt near. the trontuend thereof, and a web 58 extends longitudinally of the bolt from theirontend thereof to the rear end, the "said web jbeingof less width than the bolt so that a space is provided at eachjside of theweb in "which! the wards of a key may play. A transverse opening 59'is formed through the bolt and the said web 58and theupperfwall of this opening is defined by a substantially in verted ,V-shaped notch 60 formed in the lower edge of the web. 'On one side of the bolt, I form a step 61 which is adapted to be engaged by the reduced front end 62 of a tmnbler 63 which is pivotedatits inner or rear end "upon the side ot'the partitiolidt); and aspringj64 inay beisecured upon the partition so! as to bear upon the upper edge of "said tumbler and insure its engagement withthe' bolt at all times. lhenfthe boltis retracted as shown in Fig, 4, the reduced end of tlieltumbler fits overtlie step 61 and restsupon the upper or tread surface of the step, v When, however, thebolt is pro: jeete'd, the extremity; 10f the tumbler drops into engagementuj ith the jriserportion of the step andtherebyiserves' to prevent retraction. of the bolt. the opposite side of thebolt, a ledge 65 is 'providedlat the sideot thei'web 58and a tooth or'spur 66 is located this ledge between" the ends of the same' A t'umbler 67 isf'pivoted at its inner rear end on the side of thepartition 49 and the free end "of this tumbler isconstructed with a notch 68 and a hook or bill 69. When the bolt is retracted, the tooth or spur 66 will be engaged in the notch 68 and will, consequently, be held against movement in either direction. When a proper key, however, has been inserted and manipulated, the bolt will be projected and the hook or bill 69 will drop behind the lug, tooth or spur 66 and will, consequently, aid. the tumbler 63 in holding the bolt projected so that the door will be held locked. The key to release the lock will, of course, be fitted to the dimensions of the tumblers and the wall of the notch 60 inthe bolt, and

slight variations in the proportions of these parts will render any particular lock inoperative to any key except the one fitted j especially to it. The key will be constructed with a notched wing so that when it is in serted'through the keyhole 70 and turned as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4, the

notched edge of the wing will ride upon the rear wallof the notch 60 and will engage the front. wall of the same so as to exert a push upon the bolt through the web 58. The edges of the wing at the sides of the notch will bear against the under edges of v the respective tumblers "and will release the same so that the bolt-'mav be projected, and continued movement of the kev will, of course, releasethe tumblers so that they will drop intoengagement with the bolt to hold it in thelockedposition. Rotation of the key in the opposite direction will first release'the tumblers from the bolt and will then ride against the wall of the notch in the web-"so as to retract the bolt, as will be readily understood;

lfrom the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it will besee'n thatI have provided a very vell icient lock which willthoroughly guard a door againstunauthorized opening fromthe outside. The bolts are controlled by thelforce otjgravity and arenot dependent. upon the action oi springswhich are apt to befbroken andordinarily' thereby render a lock unusable. The holding dog is so disposed'that'it will act'fpositively upon the latch so as to normally project the same and will work on the latch with very little friction; While "I lia vedis closed a construction of knob spin lQ especially designed to prevent, unauthorized withdrawal of the same r injt f eek, he d na y- 9 0 pin le now n gene al u e may. be l ed if P d- The lock be applied to a door without any change, either, as a'rim lock or as a mortise lock, although'whenapplied as a mortise lock the supplemental casing and dead latchffshould beiused. By employing tumbler-sat opposite sides of the key bolt, I make it impossible to unlock thedoor by the use of, a bentfwire or nail or any ordinary ks to k Thee i 'ar ee s r y aze sit-t eatres as? assassi a fi cents each, by

be used in connection with my lock whether the'lock be applied as a rim or a mortise lock.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a lock, a symmetrical flat-faced bolt having a transverse opening to accommodate a knob spindle and provided with notches in the opposite longitudinal walls of said opening, the bolt being further provided with a notch in each longitudinal edge at its inner end and with a recess in each longitudinal edge intermediate its ends.

2. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt slidably mounted therein and provided with a recess in its upper edge, means for projecting or retracting the bolt, a thumb lever pivoted in the casing above the bolt and adapted to engage the recess in the upper edge thereof, and a dog pivoted in the casing above the bolt and adapted to engage the thumb lever in all of its positions whereby to hold the same out of or in engagement with the bolt.

3. In a lock, the combination of a lock case, a bolt slidably mounted therein, means for projecting or retracting the bolt, the bolt having a V-shaped recess in its upper edge, a thumb lever mounted above the bolt and adapted to engage the said recess, said thumb lever being provided with a rib on one side and a transverse shoulder at one end, and a dog having a groove in one face adapted to engage the said rib to hold the lever in engagement with the bolt and having its end adapted to bear against the end of the lever and engage the transverse shoulder to hold the lever out of engagement with the bolt.

In'testimony whereof I afiix my sign ature- ORION K. TILLMAN. [L. 3.

addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

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