US1258006A - Lens. - Google Patents

Description

H. W. HESS.

LENS. APPLICATIONFXLEDJUNE29,191F.

lutentvd Mar. .3, 1918) flfizveu for /ak 7 W 1/ a 7(7) JV. r/u 1/0 HARRY W. HESS, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

LENS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

Application flled lux e 29, 1917. Serial No. 177,790.

To all wrwm it may comern:

Be it known that I, HARRY W. Hess, citizen of the United States, and resident of Providence, R. I., have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lenses, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to lenses for the transmission and refraction of light rays and is intended to rovide'a lens for such purpose which shal reduce the most eflicient results by blen ing as uniformly as possible the transmitted light ra s over the area that is required to He i uminated. Such lenses may be effectively used for motor car head-lights, search 1i hts, and other purposes and serve to afl'o eflicient illuniination while intensity of the are. g The invention ementiall comprises a main body or disk pro id with rows of convex bosses or projections on one face in closely arranged series whose individual convex elements progressiveli decrease in height and diameter from t e peripheral portion to the center of the disk as will be more particularly explained hereinafter.

" Referring to the drawings in which I have illustrated concrete applications of the principles of this invention,

Fi re 1 is an elevation or front view of one' arm of the lens.

2 is a section thereof extending from the periphery to the center on the plane indicated by dotted line X.

Fig. 3 is an elevation or front view of a ortion of a lens having a slightly modiiied arrangement of the convex refracting elements, in Which the radial series of elements are arranged on straight radial lines.

In the practice of this invention according to the form illustrated in Fig. 1 the disk a of glass or other translucent material is formed with one plane surface as indicated at a while on the opposite side are formed a series of closely arranged convex elements which in this case are arranged in series forming radial curves from the center to the periphery as indicated by dotted line X in Fig. 1. It will also be noticed by reference to dotted line 3/ on Fig. 1 that the arrange ment of elements in this case is such that they form radiating curves in opposite directions the curves in one direction having a different modulus of curvature from those in the other direction. In this case both curves are in the form of logarithmic spirals which arran ement makes possible'a greater." number of ifierent sizes of individual eles ments, the sizes progressively doc i 1*". from the periphery to the center by' a. determined ratio and givin a amount of refraction to the light rays ing through the entire lens. z

The convex elements 6 are preferably cit-f1". cular in cross-sectional planes intersecting 35 their individual axes at n t angles or per; allel tothe rear face a o the Jens.

3, The profile curvature of each individual element may be varied accordinfg to the particular requirements of service r which the 7 lens is intended. If the curvature or contour of each element in a plane intersecting its central axis or, in other words, at right an Eles to the rear face of the lens be of paraolic form there will be a greater concentration of the light rays passing through the central or apex portion of each convex element than if the elements be given a curvature or contour of more nearly circular form.

While I prefer, generally speaking, to use an arrangement of the light refracting' bosses similar to that shown in Fig. 1,,in which they form oppositely curved series radiating from the center, nevertheless these 86 elements may be arranged as shown in Fi 3 with each radiating series extending 1n straight lines from center to circumference. This arrangement. however, involves a greater ratio of reduction in size for each 90 successive element in the series extending from the circumference to the center while the :u'rnngemrnt of radiating curves makes Q possible to progressively reduce the size .f each successive element in the series by smaller ratio of difference- The resultant effect particularly where elements of the parabolic contour or convex curvature are employed is a diffusion of a portion of the rays with a forward projection of the strongest rays passing through the apex or central portions of the refractr ing elements, thereby greatly reducing the dazzling or glare efl'ect of the transmitted lights while afl'ordimr abundant and strong illumination. The c ose order or arran es ment of the refracting elements enab es them to act with maximum obtainable eflZect on the entire body of light rays passing through the lens. 1

What I claim is:

1. A light transmitting lens embracing in its construction a disk of translucent material provide on one face with closely arranged series of convex bosses of circular contour, the individual bosses gradually increasing in size from center to circumference and being arranged in oppositely curved radiating spirals, substantially as described,

2. A light transmitting lens embracing in its construction a disk of translucent material provided on one face with closely arranged bosses gradually increasing in size 15 from center to circumference and arranged in oppositely curved radiating spiral rows terial one side of which is a plane surface,

the op osite side being formed with closely arran ed series of convex bosses of circular form and having a parabolic cross sectional contour, said bosses gradually increasing in size from center to circumference and arranged in oppositely curved radiating spiral rows, substantially as described:

In witness whereof, I have subscribed the above specification.

HARRY W. HESS.

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