US1251287A - Synchronizing mechanism for motion-picture and sound-reproducing means. - Google Patents

Description

H. w. ROGERS. SYNCHRONIZING MECHANISM FOR MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING MEANS. I

' APFLICATION FILED FEB. I, 1913.. 1,251,287. Patented Dec. 25, 1917.. I r 4 SHEETSSHEET I.

Attorneys H. w. ROGERS.

S YNCHRONIZING MECHANISM FORMOT ION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING MEANS. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1913- 1,251 ,287 Patented Dec. 25,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W lnventor Attorneys H. W. ROGERS.

SYNCHRONIZING MECHANISM FOR MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCING MEANS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1.191s.

1,251,287. v Patented Dec. 25,1917.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Mabvm .1? w

' Inventor Witnesses Attorneys H. w. ROGERS.

svucunomzme MECHANISM FOR MOTION HCTURE n SOUNDVREPIRODUCING mums. v

' APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. I913. 4 V 1,251,287. Patented Dec. 25,1917.

witnesses I mwwflmnventor UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRISON W. ROGERS, OF WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO B. & E. SINGING PICTURE (30., 0F WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA.

SYNGHRONIZING MECHANISM FOR Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 25,1917.

Application filed February 7, 1913. Serial No. 746,890.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRISON W. ROGERS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wheeling, in the county of Ohio and State of West Virginia, have invented a new and useful Synchronizing Mechanism for Motion-Picture and Sound-Reproducing Means,

of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in synchronizing mechanisms for motion picture and sound reproducing means.

Heretofore, in practising inventions of this character, where endeavors have been made to have an exact starting to produce synchronism or harmony between the movement of the actors produced by the projection of the image of the film, and the voice or sounds supposed to emanate simulta neously therewith, it has been impossible to secure at all times the necessary harmonious action of the sound reproducing machine with the'motion picture machine, and it is therefore one object of the present invention to produce a means for automatically starting and stopping the synchronizing mechanism interposed between the projector of the motion picture machine and the sound record carriers, and through the action or instru'mentality of the record of the former.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of means, whereby it-is unnecessary that the sound reproducing record be produced simultaneously with the photographing of the image, it being possible with the present apparatus, to employ any good sound reproducing record and operate a photographing mechanism of a motion pic-. ture machine so that the motions of any actor may be taken in harmony or sympathy with the sound reproducing record, and independently thereof, so that as is the present practice the risk in having a good film and a fair or poor record, or vice versa, is

avoided. 7

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a clutch mechanism inter.- posed between the motor of a projector of a motion picture machine and the sound rec- -ord carrier, which may be mechanically or electrically controlled through the medium of the moving film within the projector mechanism, thereby insuring the proper Ina-- ni-pulation of the clutch so that the sound record carrier will be started and stopped according to the movement of the film, which thus insures absolute harmony or synchronism in the operation of the film and the sound record.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of a synchronizing device which may be timed'for operation, as to its starting and stopping in harmony with the film, at any point or points upon the film, such points being selected upon the film, so means can be placed upon the film to coact with means carried by the projector, to, at the proper time throw in or out the clutch and thus insure the proper actuation of the sound record carrier, the breakage ofthe film simply necessitating the filling in of an equal length of film removed so as to com pensate for the loss thereof, and without interfering with the synchronous action between the projecting motor and the sound record carrier.

Up to the present time, it has been impracticable to exhibit by the moving film,

while the sound record was being operated,

titles and announcements, for the reason that no provision has been made for halting the sound record carrier during the presentation of the titles or announcements by the film, and further as a full film is usually of sufficient length to necessitate the employment or use of two or more sound records, and therefore permits the projection of means for illustrating in songs, several songs, it is desirable that each song be announced by title. The present device is capable of performing these functions, there being provided means controlled by the film for connecting the clutch members so that the sound record is rotated at the desired instant and after the presentation of a title upon the screen, through the film, such sound record being disconnected and halted while the next succeeding title for the following sound record is presented, the second record and sovice to free the clutch members so that the sound record is brought to a stoppage even though the film is continued in movement to present the title and the next succeeding scene. It is also apparent with the present device that the sound record may be started with the film and that a stopping device for the sound record be controlled entirely through the instrumentality of the film and not necessitate the stoppage of the projector and film mechanism to bring the sound record to a halt as is the usual practice, or to manipulate a manually controlled means for releasing the sound record from the projector.

It is also apparent that the closure of the electrical circuits for energizing the clutch throwing and lock releasing electromagnets is only for an instant, thus conserving the electrical energy and not necessitating the closure of the circuit during the entire operation of the sound record carrier.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood thatchanges in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a front elevation of the projector mechanism of a motion picture machine and a portion of a cylindrical sound record carrier connected for operation according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the projector mechanism taken from the right as viewed in Fig. 1 with the means for communicating motion therefrom to the sound record carrier.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the mechanism carried by the projector and the film for controlling the operation of the clutch.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a film having the two switch closures.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail View of another form of film actuated electrical contact, wherein the film or operating part carried thereby does notconstitute a portion of the circuit.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the position of a film within the projector mechanism with the contact shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view 7 of the clutch of the motion communicating Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail view showing the mechanical clutch throwing device.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the film controlled mechanical mechanism for actuating the clutch lever.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of a film provided with the means for throwing the clutch actuating device as shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a top plan view illustrating one method of connecting a series of sound record carriers for successive operation.

Fig. 12 illustrates another method.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates the main frame and mechanism carrying portion of the projector, having in the present instance the manually operated handle 2, which in motor machines is displaced by the usual electric or other motor. The gearing 3 of the projector mechanism is of any construction, the present projector being indicative of any form of projector now on the market. The present invention and apparatus is designed to be applied to any projector now in use, and not necessitate the rearrangement or reconstruction, or the production of a new projector mechanism. The shaft 4 is extended to be operated by the gearing of the projector mechanism, and as shown, is j ournaled in the sleeve 5 carried in the outer end of the brackets composed of the diverging arms 6 and 7, which are connected at 8- 8 to the forward portion of the projector frame. lhis structure is therefore applicable to any projector, the brackets 6 and 7 being the only part that is changed according to the projector gearing to which it is applied.

Disposed upon the outer end of the shaft 4, beyond the brackets", is a clutch, which consists of the sliding member 9, keyed at 10 to the shaft 4, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 6, the said clutch being provided with the detachable pin 11, disposed to, at the proper time, engage one of the many apertures 12 formed in the freely rotatable clutch member 13. The member 13 is keyed to and carried by the sleeve 14, which is freely rotatable upon and held against outward movement upon the shaft 4 by means of the set screw collar 15. A spring 16 is interposed between the sliding member 9, and the freely rotatable member 13, and maintains the sliding 'nember out of engagement with the rotating member, thus necessitating as will presently appear, the maintaining of the clutch member 9 toward and in cooperative relation with the member 13 when it is desired to transmit the rotary movement of the shaft 4 to the member 13.

Carried by the member 13 is the small pinion 17, which is in mesh at all times with the small pinion 18 carried integral with or fixed to the large pinion 19. These pinions 18 and 19 are keyed upon the shaft 20, which is journaled in the two plates 21 which constitute the frame for supporting the gearing, interposed between the driven shaft 4 and the transmitting shaft 25 of the sound 5 record carrier 100. A pinion 22, carried upon the shaft 23 which is also journaled in the plate 21, is in mesh at all times with the large pinion 19, so that motion is transmitted to the shaft 23 and through the disks 24 and 24 to the shaft 25, the opposite end of the shaft being provided with the disk 26, which is connected to the disk 26 of the sound record carrier shaft 27 of the sound record carrier 100.

By this means it will be seen that when the clutch members 9 and 13 are in engagement, and the motor of the projector mechanism is operated, that the shaft 27 will be rotated simultaneously with the gearing of the projector, and that due to the peculiar gearing carried by the plate 21, a synchronous movement due to the direct drive is produced .between the projector and the sound record carrier.

In order, to provide a means, whereby the sliding clutch member 9 may be operated at the proper time, and automatically, thus dispensing with the manual actuation or starting of the sound reproducing machine with 80 the projector mechanism, as is the usual custom, the pivoted armature 28 is provided, The upstanding arm 29 is carried by the armature 28 to abut the inner face of the spool portion of the clutch member 9, and

as the armature is electrically actuated, as will presently appear, the upper end of the arm 29 will be moved outwardly to slide or shift member 9 from the left to the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, so as to connect 0 the pin 11 with the rotating member 13 of the clutch. The arm 29 is pivoted to the lug 30 by means of the hinge connection 31, said lug 30 being carried by the brackets attached to the projector and thus forming a support {)or the armature and clutch operating mem- In order to lock the armature 28 and the arm 29 in clutch locking position, the bar or arm 32 is pivoted at 33 to the projector below the bracket and has its free end disposed to present the catch 34 through the aperture 35 of the arm 29 so that when the armature is electrically operated, the catch 34 will engage the outer face of the arm 29,

I as at 36, to maintain the sliding clutch member in mesh with the rotating member, and thus holding the projector motor operably connected to the sound record carrier 100.

As clearly shown in Fig. 5, the portion 37 80 of the projector mechanism, and against which the forward face of the film is held by the usual mechanism, constitutes one ground of the electrical circuit for actuating the armature 28, the electromagnet 38 '5 being disposed to influence'the armature 28 and connected by meansof a bracket 39 to the projector casing and being grounded through the wire 40. The wire 41 connects the electromagnet 38 to the battery 42, which has leading therefrom the conductor 43, which is connected to the contact 44. This contact 44 is pivoted in the arm 45, and has its free end held toward the portion 37 of the projector resilientlyby means of the spring 46, the said free end being disposed to engage the rear face of the moving film 47, which under normal conditions, constitutes an insulator between the free end of the contact member 44 and the metal portion 37 of the projector. Thus under normal conditions, no current will fiow to the electromagnet 38.

In order to provide a means to actuate the electromagnet 38 to initially operate the clutch, so that the sound record carrier will be operated from thegearing of the projector mechanism, a metal contact 48 is connected to and carried by the film at any selected portion, this being determined according to the sound record used in connection with the film, It will thus be seen that as the metal contact 48 passes beneath the contact arm 44, that the same will close the circuit to the electromagnet 38, and thus the electromagnet will be instantly energized to attract the armature 28, and cause the arm 29 to move the sliding clutch member 9 into engagement with the rotating member 13, sothat the same will rotate therewith and consequently cause the motor of the projector to synchronously operate the sound carrier.

It will thus be seen that the operative connection of the sound record carrier with the gearing of the projector, is controlled entirely through the movement of the film.

Simultaneously with the movement of the armature 28 to the position as shown in Fig. 1, the catch 34 will engage and maintain the armature in such position and hold the sliding member 9 of the clutch in mesh with the rotating member so that as long as the film is being operated by the projector mechanism, although the electromagnet 38 will be deenergized, the clutch will be connected so that the, projector mechanism controls the operation of the sound record carrier.

In, order to hold the contact member 44 out of engagement with the back of the moving film after the electromagnet 38 has been initially energized to throw the clutch, a locking arm 49 is pivoted to engage member 44 and is moved so that its toothed edge 50 will engage the edge 51 of the sup porting structure and thus maintain the contact member 44 in dotted line position, Fig. 3.

In order thatthe catch or trigger 32 may be electrically released, an electromagnet 52 is employed and is disposed to attract the member 32 at the proper time and to elevate the same so as to release the catch 34 from the arm 39 and at the same time release the armature 38 to the spring 16 of the clutch so that such spring will operate to disconnect the sliding member 9 from the rotating member 13, thus'automatically throwing the clutch to disconnect the projector mechanism from the sound record. In order to accomplish this, a contact device, or as many of them as is desired, such as 48 is attached to the film and disposed to engage a spring actuated contact member 44 disposed along side of the contact member 44, there being a conductor 53 led from the battery 42, to the electromagnet 52, the conductor 54 leading from the electro-magnet 52 to the contact member 44. By this means a single battery is employed for operating both electromagnets 38 and 52, the contact members 44 and 44 in connection with the film carried contacts 48 and 48, constituting the selecting means for operating the arm 29 to cause the proper actuation of the clutch to connect or disconnect the projector mechanism to and from the sound record carrier.

By this means the sound record carrier may be connected to and disconnected from the projector mechanism at any selected point of and during the operation of the film, so that such connecting and disconnecting of the clutch is entirely controlled by the film during its passage through the projector.

The projecting end of the trigger 32 may be released manually when desired, but it is preferable that the same be released automatically and entirely through the action of the film.

In order to provide means, whereby the battery 42 is not grounded, the contact device as shown in Fig. 4, is employed, said device being actuated by the .film to close its respective circuit to the electromagnets 38 or 52, there being two of the devices located adjacent each other and in the path of the moving film. In this instance, a guide roller 55 is provided and between it and the guide roller 56 passes the film 47, so that either one of the contacts 48 or 48', will cause its roller 56 to be moved away from the roller 55, and consequently elevate the lever 56 carrying the roller 56 so that the contact end 57 thereof will be placed in contact with. the stationary contact 58 which is connected to and insulated from the frame of the machine.

The lever 56', as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4, is pivoted as at 57 to the frame of the machine, and is insulated therefrom as at 59, the conductor 60 being led to one side of the battery 42, while the conductors 61 and 61' displace the conductors 43 and 54 respectively, as shown in Fig. 5, and are connected to the two contacts 57 and 58 of ma ns? therespective circuit closing devices controlled by the projections 48 and 48, which when used with the structure as shown in Fig. 4, may or may not be composed of metal, they simply being projections u on either or both sides of the film that-ten separate the rollers 55 and 56 and thus mechanically close the circuit for actuating either one of the electromagnets 38 or 52.

As is often the case, several sound reproducing records are employed with a single film, and it is therefore necessary to connect the sound record carriers for successive operation, and such successive operation should be automatic, so that the desired synchronism between the projecting machine and the selected sound record carrier will be synchronous and be maintained entirely so during the operation of the projector. In order to accomplish this, a clutch 62 (Fig. 11) is disposed upon the motor shaft 27 of the first sound record carrier 100, while operably connected to this shaft through the gears 63, 64 and 65 is the main driving shaft 66 of the second sound record carrier 200,

there being a clutch 66' interposed between the ends of the latter shaft and the shaft 67 of the carrier 200, so that the carrier 100 is operated first and the shaft 66 is-simultaneously rotated therewith but without affecting the second sound record carrier 200.

In order to operate the clutches of the carriers 100 and 200 alternately, so that the clutch of the carrier 100 be in operable engagement, while the clutch of the carrier 200 will be out of engagement, a pivoted lever 68 is carried by the fixed portion of the carrier 100 and in the path to be en gaged by the stylus 69 of the reproducer 70, said lever operating the two yokes 71 and 71' extending in opposite direction and connected to both of the clutches, so that when operated by the stylus in opposition to its spring 72, the carrier 100 will be disconnected from the shaft 27, while the carrier 200 will be connected for operation therefrom. By this means the successive action of the sound record carriers is produced, and it will be noted that this action may be con-- tinued successively through any number of carriers as is desired, it, however, having been ascertained by practice that two sound record carriers are. allthat are necessary.

Asclearly illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, a mechanism for controlling the operation of the clutch member 9 mechanically instead of electrically is provided, the film 47 in this instance being provided with an elongated slot or slots 73, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10, so that when said slot is placed in registration with the roller 74 carried upon the inner free end of the lever 75 which is carried by the bracket 76, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 9, the'said lever will release the notch 77 formed in the free end 78 thereof from the hooked end 79 of the clutch actuating rod 80. This rod 80 is provided with a button 81 and has mounted thereon the spring 82, which has a normal tension to move the button 81 away from the bracket 76 to engage the free end 82 of the lever 83. This lever 83 is pivotally connected .to the projector casing and is connected by means of a pin and slot connection 84 to the upper end of the bell crank lever 85 which is also pivotally connected to the projector casing. The lower end 86 of this bell crank lever 85 is disposed in operable relation to the clutch member 9, to, when actuated bythe spring released trigger 80, move the clutch 9 into engagement with the clutch member 13 and thus operably connect the sound record carrier with the projector. The two springs 87 and 88 which are connected to the lever 75 normally maintain the same in a neutral position, so that no undue pressure upon the roller 7i and the film 17', will result.

When the film in this instance automatically releases the clutch member 9, a similarly constructed mechanism as shown in Fig. 9, engages the rod 80, operating the lever 83 in an opposite direction, however, as is clearly apparent.

In this instance, the trigger 80 may be manually set and the clutch member 9 manually released at the end of a film, the operation of throwing the clutch to connect the sound record carrier with the projector mechanism being however automatic.

The mechanism as shown in Fig. 9 is connected to and carried by the hinged member of the projector, and the lever 83 is pivoted off to one side thereof, so as not to interfere with the opening of the same, said lever also being further pivoted so that the same may be readily lifted from engagement with the projector mechanism so as not to interfere with the proper positioning of the film.

Although mechanical clutch devices are illustrated to connect successively the sound record carriers 100 and 200, it is apparent that the electrical devices may be operated to operate the clutches without departing from the present invention, it simply being the intention to produce a means whereby one carrier will successively connect another and disconnect itself so that there will be proper harmony between the. actuation of the film and the sound record upon the carrier, it being essential that the film cause and rendered unnecessary, and that a record produced by a star or star cast of performers upon a sound recording machine may be attached to and controlled by a film either acted by the same performers or imitators thereof, so that the voices of the performers will be operated synchronously with the gestures thereof, such synchronism being entirely due to the moving of the film and the connecting and disconnecting of the clutch members 9 and 13 through the film itself.

It is also apparent, as before stated, that should the film break at any time, anecessary section of film, as is the present custom in repairing films, may be out therefrom and a similarly sized section be inserted so ,as to insure the synchronous action between the film and sound record, and without totally destroying the film or rendering it useless as is the case where the sound reproducing record is taken simultaneously with the photographing of the performers.

It is obvious that many devices for performing or establishing the connection of the motor of the projector with the sound record carrier may be resorted to and still be within the spirit of the present invention, which resides mainly in the fact that the film during the movement thereof through the projector controls the connection and disconnection of the sound record carrier to and from the projector.

In Fig. 12 is illustrated another method of successively operating the sound record carriers, the shaft 27, having mounted thereupon the two clutches C and C, which are made similar to the clutch members 9-13. The freely rotatable member of each is connected to the gears (not shown), of a sound record carrier.

The switches 57 and 58 are controlled by the projections 18 and 48 of the film, projection 48 closing the switch 57, which closes the circuit including the conductor 101, the battery 102, the conductor 103, the electromagnet 38, the conductor 104, the electromagnet 52*, and the conductors 105 and 106. This energizes both electro-magnets 38 and 52, and attracts the armature 28 to cause arm 29 to throw the clutch C, the armature catch 32' looking the arm 29 as heretofore described. As electro-magnet 38, is inactive the energization of the electro-magnet 52 will not affect the clutch O, and thus the record carrier controlled by the clutch C will be operated. As the film approaches the point for changing to the clutch C, the projection 48 thereof passes between the rollersv 55 and 56, and closes the switch 58 closing the following circuit to throw out the clutch C and throw in the clutch C. This circuit includes the conductor 107 ,the battery 108, the electro-magnet 52, the conductor 109, the electro-magnet 38, and the conductors 110 and 111. Thus the electromagnet 52 releases the armature catch 32 to permit the arm 29' to throw out the clutch C, while the electro-magnet 38*, attracts the armature 28 to cause the arm 29 to throw the clutch C, the armature catch 32, locking the arm 29*.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, it is evident that means is provided whereby the moving film controls the clutch for determining the time of actuation of the sound record carrier-s, as for instance, the sound reproducing record, the starting and stopping of the carrier being automatically controlled by the film and operated solely by the projector mechanism.

In putting into practice the present invention, it is essential that the sound record carrier, which may be the mandrel of a cylinder record machine or the disk platform of a disk machine, be operated from a standstill to full speed and directly from' the operating mechanism of the Projector, which projector may be operated by hand or by an electric motor as may be found most expedient and desirable. It will thus be .seen that the usual motor with'a sound reproducing machine is entirely dispensed with, the sound record carrier in the present instance being an adjunct of the projector mechanism, which being the heavier mechanism to operate, is primarily operated gradually to full speed and controlled to operate the sound record carrier from a standstill to full speed at any desired or selected point of the film. i

It has been found in practice, that the method of starting a projector mechanism slowly to obtain the desired speed for the proper movement of the film, is best, so that no undue strain will be thrown upon the film, and that as. the mechanism for operating the film is a much heavier mechanism than that for operating the sound record, either of the cylindrical or disk type, it is therefore essential to control the latter from the projector mechanism, and not operate the projector mechanism from the sound reproducing machine. Where the sound reproducing machine is employed as the motor 01' mechanism for operating the projector, the too sudden strain thrown upon the gearing of the projector, tends to, and often does tear the film, and further as the sound record has attained full speed, it is impossible to bring the film from an inert positlon to full speed or to the necessary speed to insure synchronous action. This installation requiring the projector to be operated from the sound record reproducing machine is impractical and as far as practice has demonstrated, useless. The reverse operation, however, and as herein set forth, has been demonstrated to be the best possible way in which to control the operation of the two records, that is the filmvand the disk or cylinder, so that the proper synchronous action between the projection of the image upon the screen and the sound is maintained and secured, the operating of the cylinder or disk being of less resistance than the pull placed upon the film. Therefore such a light or easily operated mechanism is moved readily and practically connected and disconnected to and from the operating mechanism of the projector, without throwing any apparent strain thereupon, either when the projector is operated manually, as by the crank as illustrated, or by an electric motor. Further as the operating mechanism receives the strain of the'sound record cargig, no strain is placed upon the delicate It is therefore the present intention to employ the record carrier as an adjunct to the projector mechanism of a motion picture machine and to solely operate such record carrier by and from the projec-. tor' mechanism, the power communicating means between the two, being as herein described provided with a. positive clutch which is actuated solely through the instrumentality of the moving film.

What is claimed is:

1. The combination with a motion picture. projector, a film, independent circuit controlling members carried by the film, and a record carrier, of a driving element for the record carrier, a clutch, an electromagnet for causing the engagement of the clutch, and another electromagnet for causing disengagement of the clutch, independent circuits including a source of electrical energy, one of the electromagnets being included in each circuit, and switches, one in each circuit, one circuit controlling member serving to close one switch to energize the clutch engaging electromagnet and the other circuit controlling member serving to close the. other switch to energize the clutch disengaging electromagnet.

2. The combination with a motion picture projector, a film, independent circult controlling members carried by the film, and a record carrier, of a driving element for the record carrier, a clutch, electromagnets, one for causing engagement of the clutch and the other for causing disengagement of the clutch, independent electrical circuits including a source of electrical energy, and each including a switch, there being one electromagnet in each circuit, and independent switch controlling members carried by the motion picture projector film, whereby one circuit controlling member. closes one switch to energize the clutch engaging electromagnet and the other circuit controlling member closes the second switch to energize the clutch disengaging electromagnet.

3. The combination with a motion picture projector, a source of electrical energy, a film controlled switch, and a circuit including the source of electrical energy and the switch, of a sound record carrier, two cooperable clutch members operably connected one to the projector and the other to the sound record. carrier, a spring for releasing the clutch members, an electromagnetically controlled means for operating one of the clutch members against the action of the spring, the electromagnet of which isin the circuit, whereby, when the circuit is closed by the film, the electromagnet is energized and the clutch members engaged to directly connect the sound record carrier with the projector, a lock for holding the clutch members engaged, and means for reieasing the lock to release the clutch memers.

4. The combination with a motion picture projector, a source of electrical energy, a film controlled switch, and a circuit including the source of electrical energy and the switch, of a sound record carrier, two 00- operable clutch members operably connected one to the projector and the other to the sound record carrier, a spring for releasing the clutch members, an electromagnetically controlled means for operating one of the *clutch members against the action of the spring, the electromagnet of which is in the circuit, whereby when the switch is closed by the film theelectromagnet is energized and the clutch members engaged to directly connect the sound record carrier with the projector, a lock for holding the clutch members engaged, and electrical means controlled by the film for releasing the lock to free the clutch members to action of the spring and to disconnect the sound record carrier from the projector.

5. The combination with a motion picture projector, a film, a projection carried by the film, a source of electrical energy, a switch closed by the projection on the film, and a circuit including the source of electrical energy and the switch, of a sound record carrier, two cooperable spring separated clutch members operably connected one to the projector and the other to the sound record carrier, an electromagnetically controlled means for operating one of the clutch members to engage the other member, the

electromagnet of which is in the circuit,

whereby, when the switch is closed by the projection on the film, the electromagnet is energized and the clutch members engaged to directly connect the sound record carrier with the projector, a lock for holding the clutch members engaged, and means forreleasing the lock to free the clutch members.

6. The combination with a motion picture projector, a film, a projection carried by the film, a source of electrical energy, a switch closed by the projection on the film, and a circuit including the source of electrical energy and the switch, of a sound record carrier, two cooperable spring separated clutch members operably connected one to the projector and the other to the sound record carrier, an electromagnetically controlled means for operating one of the clutch members to engage the other member,'the electromagnet of which is in the circuit, whereby, when the switch is closed by the projection on the film, the electromagnet is energized and the clutch members engaged to directly connect the sound record carrier with the projector, a lock for holding the clutch members engaged, and electrical means controlled by the film for releasing the lock to free the clutch members and disconnect the sound record carrier from the projector.

7. The combination with a motion picture projector, a sound record carrier, and means for operating the projector and earner; of a clutch for connecting said'carrier to the operating means; means controlled by the projector for engaging the clutch; means for disengaging the clutch; means for locking the clutch engaged; and means controlled by the projector for releaslng the locking means.

8. The combination with a motion p10- ture projector, a film, a sound record carrler, and means for operating the projector and carrier; of a clutch for connecting said car the speeds of the two in the proper ratio, a a

clutch in said transmission mechanism, means controlled by the rojector for engaging the clutch, means or disengaging the clutch, an automatic lock for the clutch, and means controlled by the projector for operating the lock to release the clutch.

10. In combination, a motion plcture projector, a sound record carrier, a transm ssion mechanism between the two to maintaln the speeds of the two in the proper ratio, aclutch in said transmission mechanism, electromagnetic means controlled by the projector for engaging the clutch means for disengaging the clutch, an automatlc lock for the clutch, and electro-magnetic means controlled by the projector for operating the lock to release the clutch.

11. In combination, a motion picture projector, a film operated thereby, a sound record carrier, a transmission mechanism between the projector and sound record carrier ratio, a clutch in said transmission mechanism, means controlled by the film for engaging the clutch, means for disengaging the clutch, an automatic lock for the clutch, and means also controlled by the film for operating the lock to release the clutch.

12. In combination, a motion picture pro.- jector, a film operated thereby, a sound record carrier, a transmission mechanism between the projector and sound record carrier to maintain the speeds of the two in the proper ratio, a clutch in said transmission mechanism, an electro-magnetic means controlled by the film for engaging the clutch, means for disengaging the clutch, an automatic lock for the clutch, and a second electro-magnetic means controlled by the film for operating the lock to release the clutch.

13. The combination with a motion picture projector, a film operated thereby, and a sound record carrier, of mechanism for operating the record carrier from the projector, including means controlled by the film for connecting such mechanism to the projector, means for disconnecting such mechanism, means for locking the first named means in closed osition and another mechanism controlled by the film for releasing the locking means, whereby the sound record carrier is alternately started and stopped in its action relatively to the moving projector.

14. In an apparatus of this character, the combination of a motion picture projector, a film having a plurality of circuit closing means carried thereby, a sound record carrier, speed reducing and transmitting mechanism including a clutch interposed between theprojector and sound record carrier, and

whereby the sound record carrier is operated by the pro ector in the proper ratio of speed, yielding automatic means for disengaging the clutch, two electro-magnets for controlling the clutch, one to engage it and the other to insure its release, two electrical circuits, each including a source of electrical energy and its electromagnet, and two switches one in each circuit and in the path to be closed by its respective circuit closer of the film. v

15. In an apparatus of this character, the combination of a motion picture projector, a film having a plurality of circuit closing means carried thereby, a sound record carrier, speed reducing and transmitting mechanism including two spring released clutch members interposed between the projector and sound record carrier, and whereby the sound record carrier is operated by the projector in the proper ratio of speed, a lock for holding the clutch members engaged, two electromagnets one to move one clutch member into engagement with the other member, and the other to release the lock and free the clutch member, two electrical circuits, each including a source of electrical energy and one of the electromagnets, and two switches one in each circuit and in the path to be closed by its respective circuit closer of the film.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto atfixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRISON W. ROGERS.

Witnesses SELINA WILLSON, I. E. SIMPSON,

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