US1122879A - Brick-kiln. - Google Patents

Description

w. DRAYTON.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1a, 1913. 1 ,1 22,879. Patented D9029, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES INVENTOR flamjmgyfon ATTORNEYS W. DRAYTON.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION nLnn JUNE 13. 1913.

1 1 22,879. Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

1 SHEETS-SHEET Z all mm 858 INVENTOH ////z/// j /urr f 0/7 Br 7774 ATTORNEYS um W. DRAYTON.

BRICK KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JUN 13, 1913. v 1 1 22,879. Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

4 sums-sum a.

ATTORNEYS W. DRAYTON.

BRICK KILN.

'APPLIGATIOH FILED JUNE 13, 1913.

1 ,1 22,879. Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ATTORNEYS UNITED s'rArEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM DRAYTON, F GREENDALE, OHIO.

BRICK-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

Application filed June 13, 1913. Serial No. 773,568.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM DRAYTON, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident bricks, cooling one or more stacks of burnt bricks, and preheating one or more stacksof green bricks, tlie bricks being moved periodically through the successive stages from the receiving to the discharge end of'the tunnel or kiln.

p The invention has for its general object 'to improve and simplify the construction of kilns of this character so as to be reliable and effective in use and so designed as to have a large burning capacityand at the same time be economical in operation.

Another object of the invention is the proision of means whereby the tunnel or kiln is divided into a plurality of chambers communicating with each other in such a manner that there is an up draft through the stack or stacks of brick in one section and a down draft through the stack orstacks of brick in a succeeding section, whereby the effective heating can be carried on in a comparative short length of kiln, this dividing of the kiln into chambers being accomplished by portable partition trucks mounted between the brick-carrying trucks and cooperating dampers that are inserted between the partitions and the walls of the tunnel so as to cause the draft to follow downwardly in one chamber, thence under a separating partition, upwardly in the next chamber, thence over the successive separating partition, downwardly through the next chamber, and so on indefinitely.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a furnace intermediate the ends of the kiln, which furnace is adapted to receive air from the cooling section of the kiln, and a suitable fuel is mixed with this heated air to burn in the combustion chamber of the furnace, the products of combustion being drawn downwardly through the bricks placed in the furnace, and then conducted through the trucks carrying such bricks and discharging into the preheating section of the kiln to heat the green bricks therein.

A further object of the invention is the employment of a draft system whereby air is conducted through the cooling section of the kiln and divided into two parts at the inner end of said section, one part of this air, which is heated by cooling the bricks, being supplied to the furnace to mixwith the fuel for combustion, and the other part of the air being conducted to the receiving portion of the preheating section of the kiln for heating the green bricks, which green bricks are further heated in their progress toward the furnace by the products of combustion received from the latter.

lVith these objects in View, and others as will appear as the description proceeds, the invention comprises various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which will be more fully described hereinafter and set forth with particularity in the claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and wherein similar reference characters are employed to designate corresponding parts throughout the several views,.Figure 1 is a horizontal section of the cooling and furnace sections of the kiln; Fig. 1 is a horizontal section of the preheating section of the kiln and is intended to be read in connection with Fig. 1 to represent a complete horizontal section of the kiln; Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. l with portions broken away; Fig. 2 .is a side view of Fig. 1 with portions broken away; Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section of the furnace taken on the line 3-3, Fig. 5; Fig. 4. is a longitudinal section of a portion of the train of trucks or cars showing the manner of dividing the train into sections by the separating portable partitions, whereby a down draft is produced through the bricks in one section of the train and an up draft in the adjacent section of the train; Fig. 5 is a central vertical section taken transversely through the furnace on the line 5-5, Fig. 3; and Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the kiln in a plane coincident with one of the portable partitions.

Referring to the drawing, A designates the-furnace section of the kiln, and between the furnace A and the receiving end 1 is a preheating section B, in which-the green nace A; and betweenthe fur'nace A and the delivery end 2 is a cooling section C, the

said sections A,.B and C being arranged in a line and forming. a continuous tunnel shaped structure and extending entirely through the tunnel are track rails 3, on which travel the brick-carrying trucks D and the v partition-carrying trucks E. The train composed ofthe trucks D and E is formed into a plurality of sections each consisting of several trucks D, and the sections of the train are separated by the trucksv E that carry the separating partitions F.

Each truck is composed of sets ofwheels -fl mounted on axles 5 that support longitudinal I-beams' 6, and on the I-beams are v transverse beams 7 closely arranged to form a support for the platform 8' of the. truck,

. gitudinally-extending passages 10, and aliningjwith these passages are passages 11 in the platforms of the t ucksE that support the separating partitions F, which part1- tions are made of fire brick or any other suitable heat-resisting substance. The floor portion 12 of the trucks D isprovided with numerous perforations or ports 13 so as to communicate with the vertical passages formed in the stacks or piles of bricks 14. carried-by the. trucks, so that it is 'to cause an up or downdraft to be,v produced through the piles of bricks forburning on preheating the same. Between ad-' possible jacent trucks D and-between trucks D and I trucks E are arranged fillers 15 which are provided with ports 16 to communicate with the. passages- 10 and 11 in the trucks, said fillers being so constructed as to provide for expansion a (1 contraction. As shown in I Fig. 4, the p atform's of adjacent trucksdo.

not, come in contactalthough the fillers 15 bridge the space between the platforms, and

. longitudinalbeams 6 of adjacent a the understructure, or particularly the cks, ap-

proximately contact, the, fillers canbe supsidewalls of the kiln to prevent the heat ported on such I-beams, and it is to be un-- derstood that the adjacent trucks are adapted -to'be suitably coupled together'in the forming of the-train. A seal is formed between the sides'of the platforms and the f [from] obtaining access to the imder structure of the trucks, and for this purpose a channel or trough 17 extends longitudinally alongand is supported-by each 'side wall of the tunnel or kiln, as clearly shown in Figs-5. and 6,.andinto the sand contained.

.in the troughs extend depending flanges or tongues -,18 formed on the trucks D and E,

as shown in Figsr5 and 6 respectively, and also on the fillers 15, the flanges on the latter not being shown. The bottom of the tunnel is formed with a channel or pit 19 of such depth as to permit operators to traverse the tunnel under the trucks of the train for.any desired purpose, and this passage formed on the trucks also serves to provide for the circulation of air to keep the under structure of the trucks'cool.

The construction of the furnace A is shown in detail in Figs. 3, and 5, and in the present construction the furnace is adapted to use gaseous fuel as the combustible, and

this fuel is of such a nature that it is mixed with ,a suitable quantityof air before burning in the combustion chamber 20. The

gas is-made by a producer G of any approved construction'and is led therefrom by a flue or. pipe 21 to the top of the furnace where the pipe communicates with horizontal flues ormanifolds 22 ,extending.longi-.

tudinally in the walls of the'furnace-at the top thereof near the sides. The manifolds or horizontal fiues 22 have downwardly-extending passages 23 which terminate in throats 24-into which the gas discharges to meet air which is discharged to passages25 that communicate with horizontal ducts 26 extending longitudinally in the sidewalls of the furnace. The gas and air pass out of the throats or passages 24-into the fire pockets 27, from which'the burnt gases pass.- iupwardly and inwardly toward the center "of the combustion chamber 20,;completely' enveloping the bricks 14 stacked on the trucks and finally passing' through the.

stacks of bricks and entering the passages 10 in the platforms of the trucks. From these passages 10 the .gases are conducted into the preheating section B of the kiln.

The supply of gas to the furnace maybe controlled by valves 28 at the upper ends of the passages 23. The air supply for the furnace is derived from the'inner end of thecooling section C of the kiln, and for this purpose the passages 26 are separately connected through ports 29 with the section 0, so as to receive air therefrom, which is heated in the process of cooling the hot bricks asthey are led away from the furnace, the course of the cooling air'being indicated by-the arrows 30, Fig. 1, and the direction of'travel of the bricks being indicated by the arrow 31.

For the purpose of starting the furnace the side walls of the furnace ar provided with 'fire boxes 32 which communicate combustion chamber, and after the furnace is under way the fire boxes 32 are closed and the supply of fuel is taken from the producer G. Theside walls of the combustion chamber 20 are formed by *piers 33, Fig. 3, which are spaced apart to form the fire .through the throats or passages 24 with the i CIR traction of the lateral walls of the combustion chamber. On the piers and plates 34 are breasts 36 which overhang the flanges 37 on the trucks, which flanges prevent bricks that might fall from the piles during the burning operation from lodging between the trucks and walls of the kiln. The breasts 36, inlfact, extend the whole length of the tunne During the burning operation in the furnace A, communication between the latter and the cooling section C is cut off by side dampers 38, anupper damper 39 and a bottom damper 40, all of which dampers cooperate with one of the portable partitions F. These dampers are in the form of flat plates, and those at the sides and top of the kiln are slidable in pockets 41, while the damper 40 under the portable partition F is mounted in the truck E for such partition. Corresponding dampers are arranged between the furnace A and preheating section B of the kiln to cooperate with another portable par-i tion F, but in this instance the. damper 40 in the partition truck E is open, as shown for instance at the middle of Figure t, and consequently the products of combustion pass downwardly through the bricks in the furnace A and enter the passages 10 of the trucks, and from these passages the gases flow to the right under the partition F at the right end of the furnace and enter the preheating section B. In the preheating section B dampers or bafiie plates 38, 39 and it) are employed for dividing the preheating section into chambersa, b, c, d and 6. Communication between the chambers a and Z) is afforded at the top of the intermediate portable partition F by the upper damper 39 being removed, and consequently there is an up draft through the bricks in the chamber a and a down draft through the bricks in the chamber 7). The chambers 22 and 0 communicate with each other through the truck from the partition F between such chambers, as the damper lO of the said truck is in open position. In this manner the draft through the chambers of the preheating section is alternately up and down successively. The top of the chamber 0 is connected with an outlet duct 43 which extends downwardly along one side of the kiln and connects by a horizontal duct 4A with a rotary fan or blower e5 which discharges the product of combustion upwardly into the air through the exhaust duct 46. The compartments d and e are adapted to be heated hot air which is taken from the cooling section C of the kiln by means of a duct 47 at the side of the kiln opposite from the gas producer, said duct 47 having its end 48 connected by a port 49 with the inner end of the cooling section C slightly in advance of thepoint where air is taken from such section for supplying the furnace, and the opposite end of the duct a7 is connected with a distributing; duct 50 on the top of the chamber (Z, the hot air passing from the duct 50 downwardly through'the stacks of bricks in the chamber d.v From this chamber (Z the heated air nace A. The draft is not only produced by the fan if), as a fan 52 is arranged at the delivery end 2 of the kiln and is connected commodate three brick-carrying trucks, but

it is to be understood that the furnace and chamber may be of any desired length.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the .accompanying'drawings, the advantages of the method of operation and of the apparatus shown will be readily understood by those skilled in the .art to which the invention appertains, and .1 .while I have described the apparatus wh1ch 1 now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that such changes may be made when desired as are Within the scope of the appended claimsn Having thus described my lnvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a kiln, the combination of a section, brick-carrying trucks movable therethrough, partition means entrained with the trucks, said trucks and partition means having passages, dampers cooperating wlth the, sldes and tops of alternate partitlon means, and dampers cooperating with the sides and bottoms of the remaining partition means,

produced in the successive parts ofthe section-.. H

2. A kiln comprlslng a preheating section, a furnace section, a cooling section, a-

being treated, means for connecting the ini v Q ner end of the cooling'section with the fur- 1 nace to supply heated air to the latter, said preheating section having separate outlets arranged respectively adjacent the brick-receiving end and at a point intermediate such end and the'furnace, and means for connecting the inner endof the cooling section with the preheating section at a point be- "tween the said outlets, whereby the heated air received from the cooling section will- 1 divide and pass to the said outlets.

I 3. A kiln comprising a preheating section,

sides of the said intermediate chamber,

wherebythe heated air from the cooling section enters said intermediate chamber and flows in opposite directions, said suction device being connected with a chamber between said intermediate chamber and the furnace for drawing products of combustion from the latter to a portion of the preheating section. J

4. A kiln comprising .a preheating section, a furnace section, a cooling section, a train of brick-carrying trucks and partition trucks in the kiln, means for separating the furnace from the cooling section,'means cooperating with the partition trucks in the pre-heating section for dividing the preheating section into communicating chambers in which there is an up draft through the bricks in one chamber and a down draft in an adjacent chamber, the draft in the cooling section being longitudinal thereof.

5. In a kiln of the class described, the combination of a chamber, a brick-carrying truck including a platform provided with a longitudinal passage and ports in the floor of the platform communicating with the said passage, apartition truck having a passagelcommun'icating with, the passage of the truck, a damper for controlling the passage in the partition-carrying truck, a partition on the said latter truck, and'dampers in the wall of the chamber cooperating with said partition for controlling communication of' the said chamber-with an adjacent chamber. 6. Ina kiln of the class described, the combination of a tunnel or section, brickcarrying trucks therein having alining pas sages, a partition truck between the firstmentioned trucks having a passage alining with the passages of the brick-carrying; trucks, fillers disposed'between the trucks and having passages communicating with the-passages of thetrucks, a damper mountcommunication'between adjacent chambers 'of the tunnel.

1 ed in the partition truck to control the passage thereof, a partition on the partition truck, and dampers in the tunnel coiiperat-j 7 ing with the said partition for controlling nace to protect the under structure-of the truck from the heat.

In testimony whereof I have signed my WILLIAM DRA'YroNf Witnesses DANmLJ. REAGAN, C ARLES T. Comm.

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