US1117024A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

J. B. GATHRIGHT.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED APR.28, 1913.

1, 1 1 7,024, Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

Cam 8E8 6 hwmro w, j W B) i A TTORNEY JOSIAH B. GATHRIGHT, 0F LOUISY ILIJJ, KENTUCKY.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Tratcnt.-

Patented NOV. 10, 1914.

Application filed April 28, 1913. Serial No. 764,209.

To all whom it may concern:

3e it known that I, JOSIAH B. GATHRIGIIT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in gripping tools of that class having crossed levers and jaws so correlated that the jaws move in parallel planes while being adjusted, and in which handles are employed which are gripped while the tool is being used.

Nut wrenches form a leading type of hand tools of the class herein referred to and such wrenches have been selected to exemplify the present improvements: but it should be understood that it is my purpose to embody the present improvements in such hand tools, generally, as lend themselves to the utilization of the features hereinafter set forth, and hence reserve the liberty of embodying the improvements hereinafter described and claimed in hand tools other than. those known specifically as nut wrenches and to all such tools in which said features may be usefully employed.

One of the important objects of the present invention is to provide a tool of the class herein set forth which will be of strong, durable, neat and well, balanced construction and which may be most readily and conveniently adjusted to fit different sizes of articles without causing the handles to be moved so wide apart as to be not conveniently held within the grasp of the the invention is toprovide a tool of the class.

stated having adjusting means so located that the tool may be held and adjusted with one hand, the adjusting means to be provided with a grip located between the jaws and the hand-grips.

Another of the important objects of the invention is to provide a tool of the class stated having an indicating means which will disclose when the jaws have been adjusted'accurately to fit articles of particular diameters.

j The foregoing objects of the invention and others which will appear from the following description and accompanying draw ings disclosing the preferred embodiment thereof, are best secured from the-constructions illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein Figure 1 is an elevation of a nut wrench embodying the invention showing the parts in closed position. Fig. 2 is a like view of the parts in theposition thypccupy when the jaws have been openedto operateupon a nut of the widest diinension within the limits of the tool. Fig. 3 is alongitudinal elevation on a plane at right angles to that from which the device is viewed in Figs. 1 and 2.

Like characters of-reference denote like parts in the several views.

The tool of the present invention includes two handle members having jaws A A fixedly connected to one end thereof; two or more pairs of crossed levers l and 2 whose forward ends are pivoted to the jawsfand whose rear ends are pivoted to the handle members, the said levers being also pivoted to each other at their place of intersection and serving to keep the parts in parallelism with each other while the tool is being ad justed; and an adjusting means which is arranged rearward of the pivot connecting the crossed levers to each other and extends transversely of the tool and comprises a screw having right and left-threaded ends respectively engaged with the handle-members. Between the screw ends is provided a knurled finger grip, and it is to be observed that this finger grip will lie at all times in the central longitudinal axis oft-he tool and that the adjusting means lie in the plane of 4 the members are designated B, B respectively and the body sections of said members are designated C, C respectively.

In the particular form of the device herein exemplified the jaw A, body section C and handle B are integral with each other, and the A, body section 0' and handle B are also integral with each other.

The lever '1 is pivoted atits forward end,

at the place marked 3, to the aw A and'has its rear end provided with a guide pin or projection which traverses a slot 7 formed 5 lll tlle forward end of the body section C: and the lever 2 is pivoted at its forward end, at the place marked 4, to the jaw A and has its rear end provided with a guide pin or projection 6 which traverses a slot 8 in the forward end of the body section C. These two levers are pivoted to each other,

at their place of intersection 9, midway the length of the levers and in a p ane longitudinally between the confronting surfaces of the jaws A,- A'. The body sections C, C near their junctions with the jaws I A, A, preferably project inwardly beyond the vertical planes of the inner longitudinal surfaces of said jaws, the said inwardly g projecting portions forming shoulders or stops 10 and 11, which definethe extent of movement of the jaws A and A toward each other to positions in which said jaws are'separated by a space between them, as shown in Fig. 1. Said body sections are alsov formed rearward of the stops or shoulders 10 and 11 with recesses, leaving between them at this point a space 12 which receives the roughened head 13 forming part aojof the adjusting means D. This adjusting "means comprises, in addition to said head,

, right and left threaded screws 14 and 15,

which are respectively threadably engaged with parts of said body sections near the 85 iunction of the latter with the handles B, B. Said handles are relatively so. formed that when the wrench is closed to its fullest extent. they will overlap each other longitudinally. In the particular form of the device shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the contiguous lorig'tudinal surfaces of the handles are of reduced thickness, as shown at 16 and 17 being preferably beveled, inporder that they may lie closely one upon another when the wrench is closed. This reduction in the thickness of the handles preferably does not extend to the outer longitudinal portions 18 and 19 of the respective handles, the latter portions being thereby thick enough,

and preferably rounded, to aiford a satisfactory gripping portion. From the foregoing it will be apparent that the construction described provides a neat appearing, strong, durable and easily 60 adjusted wrench of well balanced constructiop and one wherein the jaws may be .opened to a very wide extent, to operate upon nuts. of considerable diameter, without moving the handles B, B to a position in which they would be so wide apart as to be inconveniently grasped when held by the user. closed to their fullest extent are not in contact with each other but are separated b a space which is of the same or slightly less It will be noted that the jaws when diameterthan small nuts and that as the adjusting means operates to move both jaws simultaneously in opposite directions, the jaws are quickly openedthe required distance to fit even the widest nuts, and it will also be notedthat as the handles overlap each other when the jaws are closed to their fullest extent, the movement of the handles even when the jaws have been adjusted to take large nuts and notwithstanding that they move with the aws in parallel planes are still sufficiently close together to be properly grasped by the user. It will further be noted that as the adjusting means is arranged between the jaws and the handles and rearward of the pivot 9, which connects the crossed levers with each other (preferably at or near the longitudinal center of the wrench), its power is so applied as to insure accurate movement of the parts and to resist any tendency of the jaws to open from their adjusted positions, under the force exerted on the wrench by the user. It will be.understood that the jaws, handles and body sections movetogether in parallel planes in the adjustment of the jaws to fit diflerent sizes of nuts, this movement in parallel planes duritig the adjustment of the jaws being brought about by the crossed levers 1 and 2. Preferably, there are two pairs of crossed levers employed, one pair at each side of the wrench, as shown in Fig. 3.

In order that the jaws may be accurately adjusted to different sizes of nuts, when the 10?) sizes of the latter are known, without requiring preliminary guess work and subsequent adjustment of the jaws onto'the nuts, an indicating means is provided which shows accurately the distance between the jaws in the various adjustments of the latter,-and hence shows when they have been adjusted to a position to fit a particular known size of nut which it is intended to tighten or loosen. -This indicating means comprises two parts, to wit, a scale and a pointer, respectively provided on adjacent portions of the crossed levers 1 and 2. As shown in Fig. 1, the pointer, designated 20, is formed as a projection 1 from the crossed lever l, and a scale, designated 21, is provided on the lever 2. This indicating means is particularly advantageous when the nut to be operated upon is located in a place which cannot be conveniently reached, as are many nuts upon automobiles. From the foregoing, the construction, op ,eration and advantages ,oflthe present invention will be readily understood, and it will be apparent th at 'chapges in the'form, construction and relativeirrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the s irit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

It will be understood that the part named 130 in the foregoing description and following claims as the body section is intended arbitrarily to include that part of the device which is between the particular surfaces which do the gripping and the particular parts which are included in the grasp of the user: and also that while particular devices constituting stops have been disclosed any means or correlation of parts which will prevent the two 'aws from coming into contact with each ot er will be withinthe spirit and scope of the claims which do not particularly define the construction or locatio of such stops.

Having now described the invention what I believe to be new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A hand tool, comprising jaws, handles, body sections between the jaws and handles, crossed levers pivoted to each other at their place of intersection and having their forward ends pivoted to the jaws and their rear ends pivoted to the body sections, said body ---sections having concaved confronting edges between the handles and the pivot which connects the crossed levers with each other, said handles being arranged to overlap each other when the tool is closed, and an adjusting means comprising a head which is mounted in the space formedby the concaved edges of the body-sections and right and left-threaded ends which extend in oppositedirections from said head and are respectively engaged with the body sections,

said head being in alinement with the central longitudinal axis of the tool..

2. A hand tool comprising, in combination, a pair of handle members having. jaws fixedly connected thereto, crossed levers piv-' members and extending transversely of the tool and arranged rearward of the pivot which connects the crossed levers to each other, said adjusting means lying in the plane of the jaws and provided with a finger grip alined in the central longitudinalaxis of the tool, and a stop which defines the inward movement of the jaws to a position in which they are spaced apart when the jaws have been adjusted to their fullest extent toward each other, said handle members also having gripping portions which are arranged to overlap each other when the jaws have been adjusted to their said fullest extent toward each other.

Intestimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- IICSSQS.

JOSIAH B. GATHRIGHT.

Witnesses:

H. K; SOLOMON, E. S. Foo'm.

copies 0! this patent may be obtained (or five cents each, by addressing the" Commissioner of intents,

Washington, D. 0."

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