US1116861A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

H. S. WILSON.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 5, 1913.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

- perature may cause such variation in the,

' prefer to place. in the. chamber a plurality non-combustible material, such as asbestos,

around the sheets and take up the fuel by l d. 'between .the Jcarbureting chamber and the 'engine'cylinde'rs.

vaporizedimore easily by passing a portion HERBERT s. wILsoN, or onio'aeo, ILLINOIS.

cAnBURn'rnR. f

Application filed February 5, 1913. Serial No. 746,270.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, HERBERT S. WILSON, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Ilinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters forinternal combustion engines.

In all the carburetors with which I am familiar, the supply of combustible fluid to the carburetin'g or mixing chamber is con= trolled by means of a needle valve. This is well known to be objectionable in many particulars, one objection being that such a valve must of necessity have a very small opening in order to properly control the supply of fluid and such anopening is easily clogged with'small particles of solids which may collect in the fuel container. Further- I more, the adjustment ofaineedle valve is difficult for the reason that changes in temfuel supply as will necessitate readjustment. Ihave conceived that a valve which shall ble fluid to the oarbureter is unnecessary and have entirely eliminated the'same. In myv construction I have provided-achamber through and over which the air for vproper mixture may pass, this chambercontaining; material which constantly holds the' combustible fluid, the fluid being maintained in constantreadiness forabsorption by the. air by means of capillaryattraction; that is, I

of strips or sheets of a fibrous, preferablythe sheets of materialbeing maintained substantially out of contact. 'whereby themcoming air may be'perm tted to circulateevaporation as required. In such construction I prefer tolocate the throttle valve at a point between the air intake and the carbureting chamber in distinction from those carbureters in which the throttlevalve is" mory on which afeaturev of the pres-j em; inventlonrests is that the fu'elflmay'beof the incoming charge of fresh air over the fuel moistened surfaces or referably over a large area of material which contains the fuel. The fuel thus supplied is actually given ofi? in the form of vapor and small particles of thefuel are not carried in suspension by the force of the incoming charge, depending upon complete vaporization at a laterpoint in the operation. By providing a relatively large area the necessary fuel may-be supplied by evaporation in the form of vapor, a much more efficient mixturebe-' ing secured than is possible by the actual spraying of the fuel into the charge of air.

However, if the feature of vaporization by evaporation were alone depended upon the results would be unsatisfactory. It has been found that. the mixture which is thus secured is too rich and the variable demands of thepresent day motor cannot be met. I have found, however, that by providing a deflector-at the junction of the air intake and the evaporation chamber I may deflect only asmall portion of the incoming charge of air into contact with the fuel moistened surfaces,theremainderof the charge of air passing directly into a mixing chamber where thehiglily enriched gas may mix with the-fresh'air to form the proper combustible mixture." Thus limits are possible. In place-of the'usual needle'valve which controls thesupply of fluid-to the mixing chamber, I provide a simple hinged valve variations .within wide arranged :for motion across the path of the incoming air whereby a'regulable amount of. air is. deflected 7 down into the mixing chamber where it may take up the required burdenofcombustible fuel that will produce with the-uncharged air passing over the valves a perfect-mixture. The combustible fuel may be maintained at a pre-determined height by "means 1 of the usual 'float controlling. the inlet valve. 1

yA-carbureter such .as just described may be constructed for a fraction of the sum necessary to manufacture a device-of the common 7 construction. Furthermore, my .carbureter is exceedingly, simple, easily controlled by one adjustment and maintains a uniform supply of properly 'carbureted air irrespective of'theJpositlon of the throttle.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein,

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a similar sectionon the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawings it will be seen that I employ a casing 10, having an open top and provided with a nipple 11 at the lower end to which may be connected a fuel supply pipe 12, by means of a suitable nut 13. The inlet opening 14 is controlled by a valve 15, secured to a rock arm 16, pivoted at 17, and actuated by means of a float 18. Thereby a uniform level of combustible fluid may be maintained in the chamber 10.

The top of the casing 10 is closed by a cover plate 19, which has formed as a part thereof, a circular pipe 20, in which is pivoted the usual butterfly throttle valve 21. At a point forward of the round portion, the cover plate is enlarged and squared as at 22, within which portion is mounted a flap valve 23, pivoted at 24, and controlled by a lever 25. This flap valve provides the means for controlling the mixture of air and fuel as heretofore described. Also in the member just described and at a point between the throttle valve and the engine cylinders, I provide a back-fire valve 26, which may be merely hinged as shown. Such a valve will normally be maintained tightly on its seat by the partial vacuum within the chamber when the engine is in operation.

Suspended from the cover member 19 is a casing 27, having an open top and a perforated bottom 28. The top of this casing may be advantageously covered with a strip of foraminous material 29. Mounted within the casing 27 are a plurality of strips of a preferably non-combustible absorbent material 30, such as'asbestos or cotton or linen, treated with aluminum sulfate, a material being preferred which will not deteriorate by gontact with the liquid fuel and which has ahigh co-eflicient of capillarity. These strips of material, in order to be properly supported, are lined on three sides with a stiff material such as shown at 31. These strips are preferably maintained a short distance apart, this distance being controlled by the thickness of the binding material at the edges. It will be seen that the absorbent material has its lower edge constantly projecting into the liquid fuel in the casing 10, and by capillary attraction such fuel is drawn upward, maintaining the material in a saturated condition. The air, as it is drawn in through the 1,11 e,so1

intake opening, will pass over-and around the saturated strips taking up therefrom a burden of fuel as required. After the portion of air which is directed around the fuel moistened surfaces emerges from the fuel supplying chamber 27, it combines with the uncarbureted air in the mixing chamber 33, which lies just above the fuel supplying chamber.

It may be found desirable in order to insure the proper direction of the charge of air which passes in contact with the fuel moistened surfaces to provide deflectors between the strips of material such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These may consist of a single piece of material having downwardly extending legs 32, the legs projecting be tween the strips of absorbent material. The ends of the pieces of material may be secured to the sides of the evaporating chamber 27.

It is obvious that modifications may be made in the structure herein shown and described, and such modifications as are within the scope of my claims I consider within the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A carbureter comprising a casing having an open top, an air conduit extending across the open top of the casing and in communication with said casing through its open top, a series of absorbent sheets in said casing, means for supplying liquid fuel to the casing, and an air deflector in the air conduit above the open top of thecasing.

3. A carbureter comprising a casing having an open top, an air conduit extending across the open top of the casing and in communication with said casing through its open top, a series of absorbent sheets in said casing, means for supplying liquid fuel to the casing. an air deflector in the air conduit above the open top ofthe casing, and a throttle valve in the air conduit in front of the deflector.

3. A carbureter comprising a casing having an open top, an air conduit extending across the open top of the casing and in communication with said casing through its open top, a series of absorbent sheets in said casing, means for supplying liquid fuel to the casing, an air deflector in the air'conduit above the open top of the casing, a throttle valve in the air conduit in front of the deflector, and a back-fire valve between the throttle valve and the deflector.

' 4. A carbureter comprising a casing, a compartment therein having an open top and a perforate wall affording communication between the casing and the compart ment, the casing being provided with an inlet for liquid fuel, a valve controlling the inlet, a float controlling the valve, a series conduit in front of the deflector, and a back of upright laterally spaced absorbent sheets fire valve for the conduit and located be- 10 in the compartment, an airconduit extendtween the throttle valve and the deflector.

ing across the casing and communicating through one side with the compartment HERBERT WILSON through its open top, a deflector in the air Witnesses: conduit to direct air from the conduit to CHAS, F. MURRAY,

the compartment, a throttle valve in the air T. D. BUTLER-

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