US1114511A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. PAULSEN. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.'

APPLICATION FILED JAN.25,1912.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOI? 0. H. PAULSEN.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. I APPLIGATION FILED JAN.25, 1912.

1,1 14,51 1. Pat canted 001;. 20, 1914.

" 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

;/ IVENTOR rm/m I much of the friction.

' ing and discharging.

the grooves,

, into the other- QARLEY H. FAULSEN or new YORK,'N. Y.

'EXrLosrvE-ENeINE.

' Specificationof Letters Patent.

Patented Oct, 20, 1914.

To all whom. it may concern Be' it known that I, CARLEY HERBERT PAULSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Bronx, in the city and State of New York, have invented a certain and useful Improvement in Explosive Engin,es, of which the following is a specification.

My improvement applies to the class known as four-cycle. It pertains to the provisions for admitting, compressing, explod- I make a. successful machine capable of revolving at high velocity with great efficiency and avoiding extreme and destructive heat onany part. The motion-of the valves or of the large plates or ported disks which perform the functions of the valves and also contribute usefully to constitute the bearing, is continuous and uniform,.one plate revolving in one direction and the ot l. r in the opposite.

I have 'made a discovery,-that it is prac ticable to revolve ported disks in opposite directions between ported heads. I make that the basis of a main parti'of the invert tioin I arrange the ports in a single circle so as to have space available for several balls which relieve The absence of friction allows a slender shaft to carry one of a pair of. revolving disks or plates and ,a slender sleeve inclosing such shaft may carry the other plate or disk, geared to have equal and opposite motions. Less than usual areaof the head in such .engines is'required in mine for the center space because of the lightness of. the resistance of friction. I have made another discovery and worked it out in this invention. To offset the revolutionsv of the plates even with their anti-friction aids involves a strong lateral force impressed through the. gearing. I have made which extend continuously around at various distances from the center, of semi-circular cross-section, and proportioned the parts so that the balls are sunk half their diameter into one part and half It causes them to not only relirgze the direct pressure face-wise in the ordinary manner but also ,to perform an additional duty in aiding to carry the lateral force.

The following is a description of what. I consider the best means of carrying out the invention. The accompanying drawings series of antifriction ,form a partof this specification.

Figure l is a central vertical section with the piston near the mid-point of its downward stroke. It is inducting the proper mixture of air andexplosive gas. .Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on'the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, seen from below. The next 16 views, all ofc'ircular outline, and uniform size are diagrams showing the two plates and the two apart in four positions. All are in plan view, seen from below. Figs. 3, 4,5, and 6 show the positions during the act ofinhaling. I will term this position I. Figs. 3 4, 5 and 6? show the positions during the act of the compression of the gaseous mixture; I will term' this position II. Figs. 3 l", 5",'and 6 show the'positions during the act of exploding and giving power to the engine. I will term this position III. Figs. '3, l, 5, and 6 show the positions during the act of exhausting the spent products of combustion. I will term this position IV. Describing these 16'diagrams more critically and in the order of their successive positions. r

Position I: Figs. 3, 4:, 5, and 6 show the the revolving plates (Figs. 4 and 5) relatively to each other and to the adjacent stationary faces against which they apply 'during the; process of induction.

Position II: Figs. 3*, 4*, 5 and 6*, show the positions of the aperture in the same two revolving plates afte they have been turned oppositely a quarter revolution of each durthe positions of the apertures in the same turned oppositely another quarter of a revolution relatively to each other and to the apertures in the stationary parts, in the important process of exploding. This also shows thestationary faces.

Position IV-z Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, show the positions of two revolving plates after they have been turned oppositely another quarter of a revolution-relatively to each other and to the apertures in the same stationary parts, during the process of exhausting the spent products of combustion. This also shows the stationary faces.

Fig. 7 is a side view of the head of the cyltinder and the gearing there employed to.

fixed faces between which they work, spread positions approximated by the-apertures in ing the process of' cornpression. This also shows the stationary faces. Position III: Figs. 3, .4", 5 and 6, show two revolving plates after they have been the'apertures in the same operate the plates. Fig. 8 is an outline'hori zontal section, illustrating another practicable arrangement of the novel parts.

I Similarletters and marks of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures where they appear.

the innerhead made integral with themain .part A. -Each part A'and A is thick and liberally cored for the easy andactive circu- .lation of cooling water.

- Af isa separately forined outer head liberally water-cooled. This'hea-dwith its con- 'nections for circulating watertherein may be easily'removed to allow of introducing and removing the plates to be presently de-' scribed.

. Ixa'ttach much importance to the ample provision which my invention affords for cooling all the parts. The main part of the cylinderhas a water jacket W extending smoothly over the lateral surface in which the cooling water is circulated actively by a pump and connections, not shown, andthis inner jacket connects quite around with thecorresponding jacket-'W cored or otherwise produced in the innerhead A and extending across. The whole. area of this ead, except a central seat for the entirel bearings, and the two apertures and a limited breadth around them, is subject to an active freedom in any convenient direction,

- fi'ow of ,wat'erreceived from the main water jacket W and delivered with correspondirlilg T e removableou'ter head A is also' cooled with efficiency and thoroughness. It is hollow throughout, and receives a strong flow of that all parts, including the portion which is overheated in other engines, the exhaust passage from the interior of the cylinder, is kept down at a practicably moderate temperature; Ais an additional, separatelyformed stationery head, also .water-cooled,

secured by bolts. This head is formed with two nozzles A and A, arranged quartering as shown in Fig. 7, which connect to pipes or manifolds not shown. One. ofthese noz-' zles Af-receives by ordinary manifolds the fresh charge of gasole'ne and air at the proper rapidlyrecurring intervals, the other A? leads away the s ent gases after each explosion has been utllized. There aretwo apertures, A and A in each of these'heads exactly coinciding with each other and with the upper face of the inner-headA and also The parts not shownmay be of any ordinaryor suitable const-ruction, and may perform their usual functions.-

A is the main portion of the cylinder and A imam parallel.

' B is the piston and G the connecting rod leading tothe crank shaft below, not shown. D is the ordinary sparkplug aperture. These parts and all'others not specially referred to may beas is usual in this widely used class of motors;

' G is a shaft extending vertically through i the outer head A having the bevel gear wheel G carried at its upper end, and what I- term the inner plateGr carried at the lower end. The lower face of this inner plate revolves against the outer face of the fixed inner head A This plate G has the apertures g and 9* correctly proportioned and located as; shown with relation to the relative positions of the apertures in the separately formed outer head A and to the corresponding apertures of the cylinder A and those in the inner hea'd A By taking the machine apart and changing-the shape andsize ofthese' apertures g and g, the

action of the explosive charges can be modified within wide limits. H is what I term the outer plate. It"is fixed on a hollow shaft or sleeve H, inclosing the shaft, G, andrevolved by a gear wheel H at the top. It has one aperture p, see Fig. 4c", of the same size and shape as g t. These plates G and H are; revolved simultaneously in opposite directi'onsby their respective shafts G and H by means of the bevel gear] wheels G and H engaged respectively bybevel gears I and I carried by a transverse shaft I, driven by the engine from the crank not shown. The gearing is such that the plates are revolved once for each two revolutions of the crank shaft.

K are steel balls running in circular grooves in the stationary parallel supporting faces of the heads A and A and in the revolving plates G2 and H The grooves are of circular cross section matchin exactly together and the metal in which they are formed in each case is firmly held. The balls must be of such diameter as to allow therubbing surfaces to bear only slightly at first, but after the engine has been; run lightly for a little time they will bear more heavily as the rubbing faces are worn down. The balls are sunk half their diameter into the heads ofA and half into the plate H Other grooves and balls serve the plate H and the upper face of thelQwer plate G and others between the lower face of Gr and the fixed metal A ad j'acent serve both to support the face-wise pressure and to aid the shaft G and the sleeve H in carrying the lateral strain due to the force of the driving gear I and I in revolving their respective parts.

L, L. are slender rings of metal or other lnated on a common diameter extending in suitable material "let into other circular the same direction from their non-ad acent grooves between the fixed parts A andA radial edges, inclosing cylinder heads havarranged to serve as packing toincrease the tightness of the joint; These grooves are not like the grooves for the balls K, of semicircular cross section.

The ignition is shown as effected by an electric spark from a spark plug fitting in the aperture D, in the ordinary long-approver manner. v

In making the ffective stroke-the power streke,- after the descent of the piston is nearly completed, the 'exhaust is opened by the coincidence of the passages in position IV as shown, by Figs. 3, 4L, 5, (5, and the spent gas is liberated and allowed to escape.

By the construction and mode of operais attained with less than the usual noise, without separate valves and without their liability to become overheated or pitted orto hammer or stick.

' mechanics without departing from principle or sacrificing the advantages of the Modifications may be made by good the inventlon.

There may be any style of the annoyance of the sound the explosions.

Fig. 8 shows in muffler to avoid occasioned by outline a cross section of a portion of a cylinder having the same provisions for inducting and educting gas at one side instead of at the head. I esteem this within the invention.

I claim as my invention 1. In an explosive engine, two circular plates having faces presented toward'each other and'both apertured in theform of segments of a circle at the same distance from the center, the one .plate having one aperture and the other two apertures siting passages, and. means for revolving said plates in opposite direct, me and adapted by coincidence of said apertures and passages to control the induction and eduction.

2. In an explosive engine, two circular plates havin faces presented toward each other and 'botdi apertured in they form of seg ments of a circle at the same distance from the center, the one plate having one aperture and the other two apertures situated on a common diameter extending in the same direction from their nonadjacent radial edges, inclosing cylinder sages, means tor revolving said plates 1n opposite directions and adapted by coincidence of said apertures and passages to control the induction and eduction, and antifriction balls movable in circular grooves and constructed to resist both face pressure and lateral displacement.

3. In an explosive engine of the four cycle type, ported disks, ported heads, said disks being revoluble in opposite directions between said heads, the ports being in a single heads having pascircle, a, shaft carrying one pair of disks, 2.

CARLEY H. PAULSEN.

Witnesses 2 THOMAS DREW STETSON, S. H. Sroonna;

Images