US1179805A - Electric regulation. - Google Patents

Description

J. L. CREVELING.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-29,191].

l 1 79,805 Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

WITNESSES M/I/E/VTOR THE COLUMBIA vumomuum c0., \VAMIINGTUN, )7 c.

JOHN L. CREVELING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

ASSIGNOR T0 SAFETY CAR HEATING AND LIGHTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

Specification of Letters Iatcnt.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

Application filed September 29, 1911. Serial No. 651,897.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. CnEvnLINo, a resident of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Regulation, as set forth in the annexed specification and drawing, forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of electric regulation wherein it is desired to regulate a dynamo or generator in a predetermined manner and has for its particular obj ect to provide means for automatically thus regulating a dynamo.

As my invention is particularly applicable to systems of electric distribution wherein a dynamo is used to charge a storage battery and furnish current to lamps or other translation devices, it will be described in connection with such a system.

The drawing is a diagrammatic representation of one type of system embodying the essentials of my invention.

In the drawing, 1 represents a dynamo or generator provided with the usual field coil 2, having in series therewith resistance 3 indicated as of the carbon pile variety, and it will be obvious that the dynamo may be regulated by proper manipulation thereof. This resistance 3 is controlled by the lever 4 normally drawn in an upward direction as by adjustable spring 5, in such manner as to tend to compress the carbon pile 3 and lower the resistance thereof. The lever 4 carries at one extremity a core of magnetic material 6 and thus motion imparted to said core may serve to regulate the generator.

7 represents the positive lead of the generator which is carried to one side of the switch 8 which is preferably of the automatic variety adapted to close the circuit when the voltage of the generator is substantially that of the battery, and as many such switches are known in the art and the particular type of switch forms no part of mypresent invention, one of the well known types is merely indicated diagrammatically. From the switch 8 the lead 7 continues to one side of the switch 9 and is connected with the positive side of the storage battery 10, the negative side of which is connected as by wire 11 with one end of the solenoid coil 12 surrounding the core 6 and having its other terminal connected as by lead 13 to the negative brush of the generator. From the switch 9 the main 14 is carried to one side of the lamps or other translating devices 15 having their negative terminals connected with the main 16 which is carried to one side of a translation circuit. regulator, in this instance indicated as a carbon pile 17, having its opposite terminal connected as by wire 18 with the solenoid coil 19, the opposite end of which is in connection with the lead 13 through wire 20 and solenoid coil 21.

The solenoid coils 12 and 19 are so wound that if either be alone energized the same will tend to draw the core 6 downwardly against the action of spring 5 and increase the resistance 3, and so wound that current passing through the coil 12 when the battery is being charged will set up a magneto-ma tive force in the same direction to that set up by the coil 19 when the current is passing through coil 19 from the lamps or translating devices to the battery. I

22 is a solenoid coil in shunt across the generator circuit surrounding the core 6 in such manner that, when energized, it tends to draw said core downwardly and increase the resistance 3. The carbon pile 23 is controlled by the lever 24 normally drawn in an upward direction as by spring 25, the limit of such movement being determined by the adjustable screw 26. The lever 24 is provided at one extremity with the core 27 surrounded by a solenoid coil 28 in shunt across the generator and battery circuit. The coil 28 when energized tends to draw the core 27 downwardly and decrease the resistance 23, and the coil 21 is so wound as regards core 27 and coil 28 that current in the said coil 21 from the lamps or translating devices to the generator assists the action of coil 28. The resistance 17 is controlled by the lever 29 normally drawn in a downward direction as by spring 30. The lever 29 is provided at one extremity with a core of magnetic material 31 surrounded by the solenoid coil 32 in shunt across the translation circuit.

An operation of the herein shown system comprehending my invention is substantially as follows :If the dynamo be running at such speed that the electro-motive force be sufiicient to charge the storage battery, the switch Swill be closed and current will flow from the generator through lead 7, switch 8, storage battery 10, wire 11, solenoid coil 12 and lead 13 to the generator, and I so adjust the spring 5 that when the maximum charging current from being exceeded. If, now, the battery be charged at this maximum rate until its voltage has risen to the maximum voltage desired to have impressed across its terminals, I so adjust the spring 25 that upon any further increase in voltage across the solenoid coil 28 the same will cause the core 27 to be drawn downwardly against the action of spring in such manner as to increase the pressure upon the carbon pile 23 and decrease the resistance thereof and by thus increasing the current in coil 22 prevent this maximum desired voltage being exceeded by the generator in a well-known manner.

By use of the pilot resistance 23 operated by the solenoid coil 28, I cause considerable variations in the current in the coil 22 upon extremely slight voltage changes across the coil 28 at such times as the generator tends to exceed a desired maximum voltage and, therefore, I hold the voltage across the generator from exceeding a desired amount within very narrow limits, and if the battery be charged until its voltage be substantially the maximum voltage for which spring 25 is set, the current in the solenoid coil 12 will be practically nil and the regulation of the generator will be substantially voltage regulation throughout speed changes. If, now, the lamp circuit be closed, as by closing the switch, current will flow through switch 9, main 14, translating devices 15, main 16, resistance 17, wire 18, solenoid coil 19, wire 20 and solenoid coil 21 to the lead 13, thence to the generator, and as the coil 19 is wound in such direction that this coil when thus traversed by current assists the action of the charging current in the coil 12 and the voltage controlled current in the coil 22, the effect of the lamp load will be to cause alesser current to be necessary in the coil 12 or 22 or both in order to draw the core 6 downwardly against the spring 5 and this current alsdfiowing in the coil 21 will cause a lesser voltage to be necessary across the coil 28 in order to decrease the resistance 23 and increase the current in the coil 22 to hold this voltage from being exceeded. That is, the standard voltage for which the pilot operated by the solenoid coil 28 is set to operate will be varied upon variations in current in the translation circuit. If the battery be receiving its full charging current at a voltage below that for which the pilot 2823 is set there will be little, if any, current in the coil 22 and the regulation of the gen- 0, in such manner as to hold this desired erator'will be current regulation controlled by the charging current in the coil 12 and, the translation circuit current in the C011 19, by assisting the current in the coil 12,

will cause a lesser current to be necessary in the latter 1n order to regulate the generator throughout speed changes and, the

charging rate to the battery will thus be lessened or modified in proportion to the desired maximum charging current may be Q delivered to the battery when this is the total load upon the generator and that this current will be held from being exceeded by the effect of the coil 12 upon the resistance 3, and if load be thrown upon the translation circuit the output of the generator may be varied or increased in a desired proportion. That is to say, two aniperes lamp load, for example, in the solenoid coil 19 may cause 1 arm pere less to be required in the coil 12, and thus the generator output may be increased 50% of the lamp load and, with this proportion taken for example merely, it will be noted that if coil 19 alone were operative, the generator output could not be increased more than 100% and thus pro tection is afiorded. If the coils 22 and 12 be operating conjointly to regulate the generator, for example, in such manner that the maximum voltage is held from being exceeded by the coil 28 and this maximum voltage is causing 50% of the charging rate to be delivered through coil 12, then the addition of the lamp load will, through the effect of the coil 19, lessen the current furnishedto the battery through coil 12 and thus the charging current will be cut down as load is thrown on the translation circuit and the translation circuit current flowing through the coil 21 will also adjust the pilot so that a lower voltage will be necessary across the coil 28 in order to so operate the resistance 23 that coil 22 will prevent the standard voltage from being exceeded. On the other hand, if the generator has charged the battery until its voltage is substantially equal to that held constant by the coil 22 and its pilot, the current in the coil 12 may be considered as negligible and, if lamp load then be thrown on the coil 19 will assist the coil 22 requiring a lesser current in this coil and the current in coil 21 will adjustthe standard voltage of the pilot so that a lower voltage will be held constant across the generator circuit than was held constant when no load was upon the translation circuit. These are desirable conditions if the battery has been charged to that point that the voltage regulating means is playing an important part in the regulation of the generator, for, it is not then desired that a heavy charging current shall be supplied to the battery merely to force its voltage upward when there is a load upon the translation circuit which is held at a lower voltage, as the rise in voltage across the battery would cause considerable loss in the drop across the resistance 17 of the translation circuit regulator, which has the spring 30 so adjusted as to hold the normal voltage which may be supplied by the battery alone on the translation devices in a well known manner.

I do not wish in any way to limit myself to the exact system set forth in this application merely to illustrate one type of system comprehending the essentials of my invention, for it will be obvious that wide departure may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention which is as set forth in the following claims.

I claim 1. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator, means for controlling the regulating means responsive to voltage fluctuations, and means in shunt with said controlling means for modifying the same, means for controlling the regulating means responsive to current fluctuations, and means for modifying the operation of both said controlling means and additionally modifying the voltage controlling means when the generator is supplying current to the translation circuit.

2. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of a regulating element for controlling the generator, voltage responsive means for controlling said element, means inshunt with the controlling means for modifying the same, current responsive means for controlling the regulating element, and means for adjust ing the operation of the current responsive means and voltage responsive means and additionally adjusting the voltage controlling means when the generator is supplying the translation circuit.

3. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for controlling the electromotive force of the generator, means for preventing the electromotive force of the generator from exceeding a predetermined limit, means in shunt with the last-named means for modifying the same, means for operating the controlling means for preventing a useful current supplied by the generator from exceeding a predetermined limit, and means whereby the value of the current and volt-.

age held from being exceeded by the current and voltage responsive means is adjusted when the generator supplies current to the translation circuit, and the value of the voltage responsive means additionally adjusted.

4. The combination with a generator having a field winding, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for controlling the generator comprising a variable resistance in circuit therewith, means for controlling said resistance responsive to voltage fluctuations, means for modifying said controlling means in shunt therewith, means for controlling said resistance responsive to current fluctuations, and means for modifying the standard of operation of both the controlling means and additionally modifying the standard of the voltage controlling so means when the translation circuit is being supplied by the generator.

5. The combination with a generator, a main circuit and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator, means for operating the same responsive to current fluctuations, means for operating the same responsive to voltage fluctuations, means for modifying the last-named operating'means in shunt therewith, and means for modifying the standards of current and voltage regulation of the generator and additionally modifying the standard of voltage regulation when the same supplies current to the translation circuit.

6. The combination with a generator and regulating means therefor, of means for at fecting said regulating means responsive to voltage fluctuations, means for modifying said last-named means and in shunt with the same, means for aflecting said regulating means responsive to current fluctuations.

a translation circuit, and means actuated when the translation circuit is supplied by the generator which modifies the standard of operation of the voltage and current responsive means, and additionally modify ing the standard of operation of the voltage responsive means.

7. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator, means for controlling the regulating means to charge the battery on a constant current circuit, means for controlling the regulating means to charge the battery on a constant potential circuit, means in shunt with the last-named controlling means to vary the same, and means for adjusting the standard of both the controlling means and additionally adjusting the standard of the voltage controlling means when the generator supplies current to the translation circuit.

8. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator responsive to voltage fluctuations, means in shunt with the regulating means for varying the action of the same, means for c0ntrolling the regulating means responsive to current fluctuations, and means for adjusting the standard of operation of the current responsive means and the voltage responsive means and additionally adjusting the standard of operation of the voltage responsive means controlled by current in the translation circuit.

9. The combination with a generator, a battery circuit and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator, means for cont-rolling said means responsive to voltage fluctuations, means in shunt with the controlling means for modifying the same, means for controlling the regulating means responsive to current in the battery circuit, and means whereby both controlling means are afl'ected by current fluctuations in the translation circuit, and the voltage controlling means additionally affected.

10. The combination with a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit, of means for regulating the generator, means for controlling the same responsive to voltage fluctuations, means in shunt with the controlling means for modifying the action thereof, means responsive to current changes in the battery circuit for controlling the regulating means, and means for adjusting the operation of both said responsive means and additionally adjusting the operation of the voltage responsive means 111 accordance with current in the translation circuit.

11. The combination with a generator, of acircuit supplied thereby, a regulator for the generator, voltage responsive means for controlling the same, means in shunt with said controlling means for affecting the operation thereof. and means actuated by current in the circuit supplied by the generator for modifying the action of both said means.

12. The combination with a generator, of a circuit supplied thereby, a regulator for the generator, current responsive means for controlling the regulator, voltage responsive means for controlling the regulator, and means actuated by current in the circuit sup plied by the generator for separately assisting both of said controlling means.

13. The combination with a regulator, of a circuit supplied thereby, a regulator for the generator, means for controlling the regulator responsive to current fluctuations, means for controlling the regulator responsive to voltage fluctuations, and means comprising an element for assisting each of the controlling means, said elements being in series with each other.

14. The combination with a generator and a circuit supplied thereby, of means for regulating the generator responsive to voltage fluctuations, means also responsive to voltage fluctuations for varying the action of the first-named controlling means, means for controlling the generator responsive to current fluctuations, and means associated with the current responsive controlling means and means for effecting the voltage responsive controlling means for assisting the action thereof, said means comprising coils in series with each other and with the translation circuit.

15. The combination with a generator and a circuit supplied thereby, of means for regulating the generator, means for controlling the regulating means responsive to voltage fluctuations, means for controlling the regulating means responsive to current fluctuations, and current actuated means for assisting the last-named means when the said circuit is being supplied by the generator.

16. The combination with a generator and a circuit supplied thereby, of a regulator for the generator, means responsive to voltage fluctuations for controlling the regulating means, means responsive to current fluctuations for cont-rolling the regulating means, and means actuated by current in the said circuit for assisting the last-named means.

JOHN L. CREVELING.

\Vitnesses:

M. HERsKovrrz, ANNA W. WALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

- Washington, D. 0.

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