US1175082A - Apparatus for the electric transmission of signs or speech in mines. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. RETNEKE APPARATUS FOR THE ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION OF SIGNS 0R SPEECH IN MINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1912.

Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

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JOSEF HEINRICH BEINEKE, OF IBOCHUM, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR- T'O STUDIENGESELL- SCHAFT FUR DRAHTLOSE GRUIBENTELEFONIE M. B. H., OF COLOGNE-LINDENTHAL,-

GERMANY.

-APPARATUS FOR THE ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION OF SIGNS OR SPEECH IN MINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 14, 1916.

Application filed July 16, 1912. Serial No. 709,660.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that-I, J OSEF HEINRICH REI- NEKE, engineer, residing at Graf-Engelbert strasse 33, Bochum, in Westphalia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Electric Transmission. of Signs or Speech in Mines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide improved means for the electric transmission of graphic acoustic signals or speech in mines, whereby telephonic and telegraphic communications between under-ground localities and between such localities and the surface are facilitated.

The invention essentially consists in utilizing, as electric conductors between the re ceiving and the transmitting stations, the existing metallic connecting systems such as rails, pipes, haulage cables, and the like, with the aid of electrostatically chargeable conductors connected to the terminals of .tween the transmitting station and the conductors, though possibly imperfect, directs the fiow of electricity so that signals can be received in a regular manner at difierent parts of the system. The special electrical conditions obtaining in mines are in this connection important, in that thebed-rock 1s,

face soil. This not only affords a kind of natural insulation, but establishes a difference of conditions between the surface and the interior of the mine. The surface soil,

the normal electrical state of which is disturbed by the working of the system, is not required to furnish a connection between the transmitting and receiving stations, but is used as a condenser of practically infinite capacity. The charge imparted to the suras a conductor, much inferior to the sur-" face soil is 'taken'up so rapidly, that a continuous current can be obtained. In the mlne, an artificial condenser of wire fabric may be used, or part of the pipe system or the like not used as line conductor may furnish the condenser. ing, as indicated, allows of using a very simple form of transmitter. Irrespective whether continuous circuit or alternating current is employed, the transmitter may be an instrument having a primary circuit contaming the microphone! and battery, the secondary coil being connected at one end only to line. The rapid variations occurring 1n speech. acting on the transmitter,

{produce oscillations in the secondary coil,

which, in conjunction with the high potential of the charge, produce oscillations of the ether. The line and the secondary coil thus form a linear oscillator, which may have a gap or gaps without detrimentto the transmission. The form and amount of energy required for the transmission of graphic or acoustic signals are in general practically the same as in ordinary telegraphic and telephonic practice. 1

By reason of the fact that the current in the imperfect, and possibly interrupted, conductor has a definite value and direction, Whereas the potential varies at different points, messages can be taken from the conductor by electrically bridging two points in series, between which there is an adequate potential difference and connecting a telephonic or telegraphic'instrument to the connecting wire.

, The fact that the oscillations produced by the current fluctuations generate fluctuating induction, lines may beutilizedby using a receiver which comprises antennae or an electric resonator whereby the oscillations are transmitted to a telephonic or other instrument. This is more particularly of advantage if the line is formed by a moving conductor, for eirample a haulage rope, or if the receiving station'is moving, as for example on a tram; it is also convenient if the receiving station requires to be shifted with facility, as for example at the working face of the mine.

One form of apparatus for carrying the improved method into efiect is diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying The method of work- 50 and operates the telephone.

drawing, which is an ideal vertical section of the mine.

.In this example the pipe R leading from the gallery Q through the shaft Sch to the surface soil E is used as the line conductor,

and is connected to one end of the secondarycoil W of the transmitting station V. The other end of this coil may be connected to a suitable electrical counterpoise, as for example the conductor 0 having a large surface capacity. The primary coil Z of the transmitter is connected to the microphone M and the battery B. The lower end of thepipe R=is connected to a conductor K having a large surface capacity, for example a wire fabric,'or, as indicated by dotted lines, to the rails V. The telephone T is connected to the pipe R at w, y, so as to bridge a portion thereof. Another telephone T is connected by a Wire loop or antennae S located a certain distance from the pipe R,

and capable of being moved along. the line,

as for example by the car G.

Sound Waves acting on the microphone of the telephone used as transmitter produce oscillations of high pressure and frequency in the coil W, and these are communicated by the pipe. The induction lines due to the oscillating currents act on the resonator 'S,

to which thetelephone T is connected. It

does not matter if there is relative movement between the line and the resonator S, because the velocity of such movement is of course so small, compared with the velocity 85 of the electric oscillations, that it can produce no perceptible.interference. Accordingl the haulage cable of the cage may be use instead. of. a stationary pipe, the telephone T at the surfacebeing in that case 40 also served by1means of a'ntennae or aresonator.

' Another method of serving the telephone T at the surface consists in joining a good conductor L to the pipe R, below the upper end of the latter, that is to sayin the shaft,

to secure by LettersPatent of the United States 1s: v

p 1. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, thecombination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with electrostatically chargeable conductors having large surface capacities and with sign transmitting and sign receiving means.

2-. In the electrlc transmlsslon of slgns 1n subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with means for'connecting such construction near one terminal thereof With.the surface soil which constitutes an electrostatically chargeable conductor having a large surface capacity.

3. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction 1n mine serv1ce with means for connecting such construction near one terminal thereof With the surface soil which constitutes an .current generator in circuit with said primary coil, and a secondary coil connected to the conductive metal construction.

5. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with electrostatically chargeable conductors having large surface capacities, and with a transmitting station comprising a primary coil, a mircophone and a current generator in circuit with said primary coil, a secondary coil, an additional electrostatically chargeable conductor having a large surface capacity, and means for respectively connecting the ends of said secondary coil to the conductive metal construction and to said additional electrostatically chargeable conductor.

6. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with electrostatically chargeable conductors having large surface capacities, and with a receiving station comprising a telephone, and means for connecting said telephone to said conductive metal construction.

7 In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with electrostatically chargeable conductors having large surface capacities, and with a receiving station comprlsing a telephone, and means for. connecting said telephone in parallel to a section of said conductive metal construction.

8. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines,"the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with electrostatically chargeable conductors having large surface capacities, a transmitting station composed of a primary coil, a microphone and a current generator in circuit with said primary coil, and of a secondary coil connected to the conductive metal construction,. and a receiving station composed of a telephone and means for connecting said telephone in parallel to a section of said conductive metal construction.

9. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional conductive metal construction in mine service with an electrostatically chargeable first conductor embedded within the surface soil, an electrostatically chargeable second conductor located within the mine and having a large surface capacity means for respectively connecting the ends of said conductive metal construction to said first and second conductors, a trans-.

mitting station comprising a primary coil, a microphone and a current generator in circuit with said primary coil, and a secondary coil connected to the conductive metal construction, and a receiving station comprising a telephone, and means for connecting said telephone in parallel to a section of said conductive metal construction.

10. In the electric transmission of signs in subterraneanmines, the combination of the conventional metal structures in mine service that extend along the mine-excavations, with means for electrostatically charging said structures, and with means for rendering said charging perceptible at a point distant from the charging point.

11. In the electric transmission of signs in subterranean mines, the combination of the conventional metal structures in mine service that extend along the mine-excavations, whereby the rock-formations lining said excavations constitute an insulator for said structure, with means for electrostatically charging said structures, and with means for rendering said charging perceptible at a point distant from the charg point JOSE}? HEINRICH REINEKE. [Lo 8.]

Witnesses:

WILHDLM BRUNn, inn'r Nurse.

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