US1149710A - Heavy-oil carbureter for explosive-engines. - Google Patents

Description

M. BECK. HEAVY on. CARBURETER'FOREXPLOSIVE enemas.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-28, I913- Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEETI M. BECK.

HEAVY OIL CARB'URETER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

Patented Alig. 10, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

f 67%- //Zz%a/ 3e e/ APPLICATION FILED NOV-28,1913.

D I l OO OUT .0 6. 3 &O .7, l2? 9 W 5 4 W p z 1 4% w. 2 r 5 6 L 3 0 W /W MICHAEL BECK, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

HEAVY-OIL CARIBURETER FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

Application filed November 28, 1913. Serial No. 803,451.

To all whom it may concern "Be it known that I, MICHAEL BECK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heavy-Oil Carbureters for Explosive-Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has for its objectitoploylde an improved carbureter for explosive en gines, by the use of which, kerosene and heavier hydro-carbon oils or liquids may 'be used as a fuel for explosive engines. 7

Generally stated, the invention consistsof the noveldevices and combinations of devices hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

As a feature of the invention I utilize the exhaust from the explosive engine as a means of heating the heavy oil and converting the same into a gas or vapor before it is introduced to the carburetor, This is preferably'accomplished by utilizing the oil heater as an exhaust muffler.

Further, the invention provides means for converting one or several explosive charges of the heated oil into a gas or vapor for use in starting the engine. The invention also involves the further novel feature of utilizing the thermo pile'or series of thermo electric couples as a part or element of the oil heater as a means for charging the storage battery; and it further involves electric connections and an automatic thermally actuated switch, whereby the charge of the storage battery is utilized to convert the heavy oil into gas or vapor, as required in starting the engine.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the complete apparatus as applied t'o' an explosive engine; Fig. 2 is a View chiefly in vertical section with some parts in full, showing the chief elements of the apparatus removed from the explosive engine; Fig. 3 is a detail in elevation showing the thermally actuated switch; and Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line a? w on Fig. 2.

The explosive engine which may be of any suitable type, is indicated as an entirety by the numeral 1. Its exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the casing of the combined oil heater, exhaust mufiler, and electric generator, presently to be described.

The carbureter may be of any suitable or well known standard type. This carbureter, as shown, comprises a casing 3 having a float controlled oil inlet valve l-5, and a hand operated needle valve 6, and provided at the lower portion of its main chamber with an air intake chamber 7. Air drawn into the carbureter from the air intake chamber 7 is drawn upward through a tube 8 that terminates in the upper portion of the main chamber of the carburetor and delivers the air where it will be commingled with gas or vapor drawn into said carbureter casing through the port controlled by the said valve 4. The top of the carbureter casing 3 is connected to the admission port of theengine through a pipe 9. In the bot-' tom of the air intake chamber 7 is a metallic cup 10, which, as shown, has a threaded hub screg ed into the bottom of the said chamber' The casing of. the combined oil heater, mufiler and thermo electric generator, as preferably constructed, is made up of two heads 11 and a connecting shell, which latter is made up of a multiplicity of annular thermo electric couples 1213. ments of these thermo electric 'couples are connected together at their inner and outer edges much after the manner of an accordion or bellows, so that they form a thermo electric pile adapted to generate an electric current when submitted to heat, and at the same time, constitute'a part of the casing of the heater. The elements 1213 of this thermo pile may be of any suitable dissimilar materials, such for. instance, as copper, bismuth and antimony, the engine exhaust pipe 2 is connected to a threaded hub of The eleone of the heads 11 and both of the said heads are provided with perforations 14 for the passage of the exhaust products of combustion from the engine. Preferably, the

heads 11 are axially connected by a tie bolt 15 convey pipe 20 that is wound in several concentric coils, and increases in size toward its outer end. The extreme outer end of the said coil 20 is connected by a pipe 21 to the extreme lower end of that portion of the carbureter casing 3 which has the oil inlet port controlled by the inlet valve 4.

The numeral 22 indicates a storage battery. V

Thenumeral 23 indicates the casing of a thermally actuated electric switch. This casing 23 is preferably made of copper or brass but may be made'of any other material which is a good conductor of heat, and it is formed with an extended hub portion that immediately surrounds and has direct contact with the oil or vapor delivery pipe 21. On its exposed side, the casing 23 is provided with a diaphragm 24 between which, and the body of the said casing, a body of mercury 25 is confined. The diaphragm 2d carries a sleeve like hub 26, preferably constructed of metal but insulated from the diaphra m 24c and the mercury 25. The numerals 2 28 and 29 indicate three cooperating electrical contacts. The contacts 27 and 28 are shown as applied to but insulated from the casing 25, and the free end of the said contact 28 is connected to, and give a lateral movement into and out of engagement with the contact 27 by movements of the diaphragm 24. The contact 29 is a relatively fixed contact with which, as shown, the outer end of the metallic hub 26, is adapted to be moved into and out of engagement, by movements of the diaphragm 24. The contact 27 is connected by a wire 30 to one terminal of a small heating coil 81, preferably constructed of very fine platinum wire and located within the oil cup 10 and immediately below the port controlled by the valve 6 of the carbureter. The other terminal of this coil 31 is connected to the cup 10 and is grounded through the carbureter pipe 21, and the casing of the combined heater, mufiier and thermo electric generator. The contact 28 is connected to one terminal of the battery 22, by a wire 32, in which a switch 33 is preferably interposed. The other terminal of the battery 22 is connected to one of the casing heads 11. by a wire 34, and is connected by a wire 35 to one of the terminal plates 13 of the thermo electric pile. The terminal plate 12, at the other end of the thermo electric pile is con nected to the fixed contact 29 by wire 26. The said fixed contact 29 may also be conveniently attached to the switch casing 23 but must be insulated therefrom. Operation: Before the explosive engine has been started and while the parts are cold, the mercury or heat explosive element 25 of the automatic switch will be contracted and the contact 28 will then be in engagement with the contact 27, thereby closinsane ing the circuit from the battery 22 through the fine wire coil 31. The said coil 31 will thus be made red hot, so that when the heavy oil is allowed to drop onto the same and into the cup l0, by opening of the starting valve 6, the said oil will be converted into a gas or vapor, or at least so highly heated that it 1 will be readily taken up by the air drawn into the carbureter through the air intake chamber 7, and thus an explosive charge suitable for starting the cold engine is rendered available.

When the engine has been started and run for a very short time in this way, the heat from the exhaust produced between and around the generating coils 20, will heat the oil on its way to the carbureter, and this heat by conduction, will warm and expand the mercury 25 of the automatic switch, and thus cause the diaphragm 24 to move the contact 28 out of engagement with the contact 27 and into engagement with. the contact 29. This will break the circuit through the coil 3h, and will close the battery circuit through the elements of the thermo electric pile l2-13. The action of the heat from the exhaust on the thermo electric pile will generate a current which willre-charge the storage battery 22 during the entire time that the engine is in action.

When the engine has been once started in action, the heat from the exhaust will so heat the oil that it will be delivered to the carbureter in a very hot condition or in the form of a vapor which will very readily eommingle with the air drawn into the carbureter. Kerosene and even much heavier oils may be used in this way.

'St-atements have been above made to the effect that the oil will be vaporized by the heat from the exhaust in the one instance, and by the head coil 31 in the other instance, and this is the desirable and ideal action. However, in many instances, the heat may not be sulficient to produce complete va orization, but it will be suficient to super eat the heavy oil, so that it will vaporize very quickly when brought into contact with air which is being drawn into, or which has been drawn into the carbureter.

What I claim is: v

1. The combination with an explosive engine, having a carbureter, of an electric fuel heater associated with the carbureter thereof, a thermo electric pile exposed to the heat of the exhaust from said engine, an electric switch subject to the heat generated by combustion in said engine, and an electric circuit including said heater thermo electric pile? and switch.

2. The combination with an explosive 'engine, having a carbureter, of an electric heating coil associated with the carbureter thereof, a thermo electric pile subject to the heat vof the exhaust from said engine, an

its

meemo electric switch subject to the heat generated by combustion in said engine, a storage battery, and an electric circuit including 'said heater, said thermo electric pile, said switchand said storage battery;

3. The combination with an explosive engine, having a carbureter, of a thermo electric pile, exposed to the heat oi the exhaust from said engine, a storage battery, an elec trio heating coil associated with the said carbureter, for use in starting theengine,

two electric circuits, the one including said thermo electric pile andbattery, and the.

MICHAEL BECK.-

Witnesses:

Y D. KILGORE, F. D. MaRcHAN'r.

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