US1022724A - Process of producing castings having chilled and machinable surfaces in permanent molds. - Google Patents

Description

E. A. OUSTEB.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING GASTINGS HAVING GHILLED AND MAGHINABLE SURFACES IN.

PERMANENT MOLDS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 12, 1910.

Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

IJI villilliili wi/tvwooeo aw EDGAR A. CUSTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SANDLESS CASTING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A. CORPORA- TION OF DELAWARE.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING CASTINGS HAVING CHILLED AND MACHINABLE SURFACES IN PERMANENT MOLDS.

Specifieationof Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDGAR A. CUs'rER, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Producing Castings Having Chilled and Machinable Surfaces in Permanent-Molds, of which the following is a specification.

The primary object of this invention is to produce a casting in a permanent mold which will have chilled surfaces and which will also have parts or surfaces of relatively soft and easily machinable metal.

A further object of the inventionis to produce such a casting which will be free from strains or distortion of casting without a subsequent annealing or similar treatment.

The various other objects of the invention will be more fully set forth in the following description of my improved process, which consists in the new and novel steps and combinations of' steps hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawing is shown one form of apparatus adapted'for carrying out my improved process, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section of a mold adapted for carrying out my process, showing the casting in place therein. Fig. 2' represents an end view of the mold.

The mold shown in the drawings is adapted for casting car wheels or similar articles, and comprises a plurality of parts which are movableindependently of each other. The mold is mounted preferably upon a suitable platform a having suitable levers pivoted thereto for actuating the parts of the mold.

The mold comprises two main sections, 0 and d respectively, one of which can'be drawn apart by the levers c to remove the casting b, and these sections provide bearings for the other parts or sections of the mold. A movable core 6 is mounted in the section 0 and is preferably tapered to form the axle bearing. Said core may be withdrawn by the lever e. The section 7, which may be withdrawn by the lever f operating through links F, is mounted in the section 03 and is recessed to form the spokes. The sectiondis suitably recessed to form the tread and may be provided with an insert d. The

section a is correspondingly recessed to form a portlon of the flange. These recesses in the several parts register to form the matrix Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

of the mold. The metal is supplied to the matrix through a suitable. sprue h preferably formed in the meeting faces of the sec-' tions 0 and d.

In practicing my improved process the heat is conducted away from certain portions of the casting such as the rim, much more rapidly than from other portions of the casting by making the adjacent sections of the mold of large heat-absorbing capacity, so as to cause the metal to set more deeply and thus prevent the parts of the wheel from pulling apart. The molten metal which fills the matrix of the mold is brought swiftly to the point of setting and the core 6 is withdrawn as soon as the metal has set, so that it will be soft and easily machinable. Promptly thereafter the section f and the section 0 are withdrawn, thus freeing both the hub and the spokes from contact with the mold. The wheel, however, is left in position and in contact with the section d for a suitable period of time after the metal has set, and may be left until the tread and flange have become chilled. Thereupon the wheel is removed and allowed to cool to normal atmospheric temperature. Consequentlyv the hub and spokes of the wheel will consist of relatively soft and easily machinable homogeneous metal, but the tread and flange will possess the desired hardness which results from chilling.

By means of this process I am enabled to produce castings having surfaces or parts of varying degrees of hardness, and at the same time produce a casting of homogeneous structure free from internal strains. If desired the rim and s okes may be made of harder metal than t e hub by allowing the same to remain in contact for a longer period of time with the contiguous portions of the mold. Although the mold shown in the drawings is adapted for casting a car wheel on edge, it is obvious that the same maybe cast in a horizontal position and that my improved process is not limited to car wheels but may be used in the production of castings of any shape or design in which it is desired to produce surfaces or parts of varying degrees of hardness. 1

I claim as my invention:

1. The process of producing castings having chilled and machinable surfaces in permanent molds, which consists in removing the mold from one portion of the casting as soon as the metal has set, causing another portion of the casting to set-more deeply than the first mentioned portion and permitting a part of said last mentioned portion of the casting to remain in contact with the mold until it has chilled, and then removing the casting from the mold and allowing it to cool.

2. The process of producing castings having chilled and machinable surfaces in permanent molds, which consists in pouring the metal in a permanent mold comprising a plurality of parts, bringing said casting throughout swiftly to the point of setting, vremoving a portion of the mold out of contact with the casting as soon as the metal contiguous to said portion of the mold has set, conducting the heat more rapidly from the remaining portions of the casting, and causing a portion of the casting to remain in contact withthe mold until the metal in said portion of the casting has chilled.

, 3'. The process of producing castings comprising a hub and a tread portion in permanent molds, which consists in bringing the.

portion to remain in contact with the mold until the same has chilled, and. then removing said casting from the mold and permitting-the same to cool to normal'at-mospheric temperature.

4. The process of producing wheels having a chilled tread and a machinable hub in permanent molds, which consists in bringing the metal of the casting swiftly to the point of setting, then first removing the mold out of contact with the hub portion, then secondly removing the mold out of contact with the spokes and then thirdly removing the mold out of contact with the rim, and permitting the tread portion of the casting to remain in contact with the mold until the same has chilled, and then removing said casting from the mold and permitting the same to cool to normal atmospheric temperature.

5. The process of producing casting comprising machinablesurfaces and relay tively hard surfaces in apermanent moldi:

which consists in bringing the castin swiftly to the point of setting'and snnul taneously causinga portion of the castm to set more deeply [than other portion thereof and then removing the casting from} 1 the mold and allowing it to cool to normal A atmospheric temperature.

This specification, signed and wan this 1st day of December, A. D.,,11910.' "1

EDGAR A. CUSTER. 1

Signed in the presence of AMBROSE LJOSHEA, HELEN M. DAMES'.

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