US1099449A - Fuel-pump for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

F. J. KIMBALL.

FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION mum HD1325, 1912.

1,099,449. Patented June 9, 1914,

w 2 SHEETS-SHEET L F. J. KIMBALL.

FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION TILED JUNE 25, 1912.

Patented June 9, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FRANK J. KIMBALL, OF LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA.

FUEL-PUMP FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE3.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 25, 1912. Serial No. 705,873.

' fuel into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine without the use of any mechanical connection to the crank shaft.

'A further object of the invention is to provide a fuel pump in which the pressure roduced by the pump increases correspondlngly with the pressure in the cylinder, so

that there will always be sufficient pressure to force the fuel into the cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for controlling the period during which the fuel is admitted bothas to time of beginning and the length of such period.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention, and referring thereto: Figure 1 is a plan of an internal combustion engine provided with my improved pipe. Fig. 2 is an end'elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of said engine. Fig. 4 is a side'elevation of the connections for the pumpf Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a relief valve used in the device. Fig. 6 is a plan of the pump and operating devices therefor. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section on line w-w, Fig. 6.

The internal combustion engine to which my invention appliesmay be of any suitable type, the engine here shown being a two cycle engine of the differential piston type, and comprising for each cylinder, large and small cylinder portions 1 and 2 with a piston having large and small piston portions 3 and 4, adapted to work in said cylinder portions andconnected in the usual manner to the shafts of the engine. Ignition'means is provided in each cylinder consisting, for

example, of a hot-ball 6 communicating through passage 7 with the interior of the smaller diameter cylinder portion 2. Suitable ports are also provided for controlling the admission and exhaust of air to the respective cylinder portions, the same not being herein described in detail, as they form no part of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the fuel, preferably oil, is injected into a cylinder by a pump operated by pressure of gases from the engine cylinder. The fuel is supplied to the engine cylinder through a nozzle 8 fitted in the wall of the cylinder and having a duct 9 which opens at its lower end. into the combustion chamber or cylinder in position to dischar e the oil on top of a lip 7 at the inner en of the hotball passage 7 The upper end of said duct 9 in the nozzle communicates through pipe 10 with the outer end of the oil pump cylinder. A passage .11 is formed in the head of the cylinder portion 2, communicating through pipe 12 and suitable connections as hereinafter set forth, with the fluid. pressure cylinder for operating the oil pump.

An oil pump may be provided for each cylinder and it is sufficient to describethe construction, v connections and operations of one pump. The pump is mounted on a frame 14 secured to the engine frame, said frame having two vertically extending head plates 15 and 15 provided with stufiing boxes 16 in which slide respectively, a pump piston rod 18 and a fiuidpressure operated rod 19, said rods abutting and being in alinement. The pump piston rod 18 works in an oil pump cylinder 20, secured to the vertical plate 15 and havin an outlet 21 at one end communicatingwith the pipe 10 aforesaid. Anv oil supply pipe 26 is connected'through check valves 27 with the pump cylinders 20. The fluid ressure operated piston rod 19 is provided at its outer end with a piston 22 working in a cylinder 23, secured to the other vertical plate 15. Said cylinder 23 is provided with. a lateral port 24 opening into the space between-the piston and the inner end of the cylinder, for com municating fluid pressure to said space, tending to hold the iston in outermost position, and said cyinder is further provided with a port 25 in its outer end for receiving fluid pressure to drive the piston inwardly, said port communicating with pipe 12,aforesaid, which is in constant connection with the interior of the corresponding cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Piston 22 is larger than the ump piston rod 18, so that pressure from t e engine cylinder operating on piston 22 operates the Patented June 9, 1914.

. cylinder.

pipe 31 also communicates through pipe 33,

Areceiver or storage tank 30 communicates through pipe 31 to a pipe 42 connected with branch pipes 39 leading to the lateral ports 24 aforesaid, in cylinder 23, and said check valve 36, pipe 35, manual valve 38 and pipe 37 with the pipe 12 aforesaid, which is in communication with the interior of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the same storage tank 30 serving for control of all the pumps. A pressure gage 41 maybe connected through pipe 42 to the supply pipe 39 for said storage tank to indicate pressure therein, and a relief or safety valve 43 is provided, connected by a pipe 32 to said pipe 31 for the storage tank to allow escape of air when the same reaches a definite pressure, said relief valve being adjustable to enable it to be set to hold the pressure at any desired amount. This safety valve with the adjacent portion of the pipe 32 is broken away in Fig. 2 to show more clearly the parts behind. the same. I The oil pump piston rod 18 is spring op erated in opposition t'o the pressure operated pistonfbeifig with a cross-barw45, engaged by springs 46 which extend between said cross-bar and nuts 47 on bolts 48, said bolts screwing through the vertical plate 15 aforesaid, so

that by adjustment of said nuts the pressure of the springs 46 on the oilpump piston rod may be adjusted. Means are provided for limiting the movement of'the oil pump piston rod 18 under the action of said springs,

said means being controlled bya governor responsive to the speed of the'engine-and consisting, for example, of wedge 50 pivotally mounted by link 51 ion anarm 52 and mounted to slide on a bearing block" 53 mounted .on frame 54, said bearing block having an inclined dovetail track55 form- .ceiving a correspondingly formed rib 56 on said wedge and; the opposite, face of said wedge 'being vertical and adapted to engage a collar 58 on the oilpump pistonrod 18.

Said wedge is slotted as at 60 for passage of the two piston rods. The bearing block 53 is slidable longitudinally on the frame 14 and may be adjusted in any position thereon by means of a bolt .62 extendin through a slot 63 in said frame and provlded with a nut .64 for clampingthe said block in posi-' -tion. Arm '52j1s. mounted on a shaft 65 I carrying arm 66 which is connected by rod 67 to any suitable governor device, not shown, whereby the position of said arm 52 and of the wedge 50 carried thereby, may be varied in accordance with the speed of the engine.

The operationis as follows: Assuming that the engine has been in operation and that a supply of compressed air has been example, provided messes the pressure of such air is communicated through pipes 31 and 39 and port 24-to the cylinder 23 on the inner side of the piston rod being caused by the springs 46 to follow forced into the storage tank or reservoir.

up this movement until it is arrested by env 'gagement with the wedge 50. Thisposition of the wedge thus determines the length of stroke of the pump piston' rod and the amount of oil injected at each stroke. During each compression stroke in the internal combustion engine cylinder, the pressure of the compressedgases" is exerted, through the pipe 12, on the outer end of the piston 22 and when this pressure becomes suflicient to overcome. the constant pressure on the inner face of the piston, the piston will be forced inwardly, and engaging the pump piston rod, will force the pump piston outwardly in its cylinder, injecting oil through the pipe 10 into the internal combustion engine cyl-.

inder. As'such oil is delivered-or supplied onto the lip of the hot-ball passage, comhustion takes place and the temperature and creases, but this pressure is immedicommunicated through pipe 12-to the .within thecombustion cylinder rapouter face of the piston 22 so that nomatter what may be the pressure in the combustion chamber, the difierence' in areas of thepis,

tons 22 and 18 will insure sufficient pressure "on the oil to force it'into 'the combustion chamber. When the pressure in the combustion chamber is relieved during the clearing j stroke, the piston 22 is restored to normal. position by the operation of the constant pressure on the otherfa'ce thereof, communicated through port 24 and pipes 39,42 and 31 from the storage reservoir 30 and this movement is followed up by the pump piston I 18, causing oil to be drawn in from the supply pipe 26; check valve 27 opening in this movement, and closing during the injecting operation. a

The timin 0f admission of fuel to the cylinder is e ected by varyin the pressure in the receiver 30v by suitab e adjustment of the relief valve .43 therefor. For exam- "Pie, by increasing the pressure in the receiver 30. The pressure tending to hold the piston 22 outwardly isgincreased and the time at which this pressure is overbalanced by the communication of pressure to the outer side of the piston from the engine cylinder is correspondingly delayed. The admission of fuel into the cylinder can be impulse. stroke. The regulation of speed of the engine is eflected by raising and lowering the wedge-50, for example, by means of the overnor.

at I claim is:

1. In combination with a combustion cylinder, of an internal combustion engine, a pump cylinder, a piston working therein, uel supply means communicating with said pump cylinder, said pump cylinder having an outlet communicating with the said combustion cylinder, means acting on said iston to move the same'so as to draw uel into the said pump cylinder, fluid pressure operated means acting .on said piston to move the same to force fuel from said pump cylinder into the combustion cylinder, and comprising a piston, a cylinder in which said piston works, said. cylinder communicating at one side of said piston with the combustion cylinder to receive compressed elastic fluid therefrom for o eration of said ton to move the same so as to piston durin 'the compression stroke of the internal com ustion engine, and means for supplyin elastic fluid at a definite pressure at the ot er side of said piston in the fluid pressure operated cylinder.

2. In combination with a combustion cyl inder of an. internal combustion engine, a pump cylinder, a piston working therein, fuel supply means communicating with said pump cylinder, said pump cylinder having an outlet communicating with the said combustion cylinder, means actin on said pisraw fuel into thesaid pump cylinder, fluid pressure operated means acting on said piston to move the'same to force fuel from said pump cylin der into the combustion c linder, and comprising a iston, a cylin er in which said piston wor s, said cylinder communicating at one side of said piston with the combustion cylinder to receive compressed elastic fluid therefrom for operation of said piston during the compression stroke in said combustion cylinder, means for supplying elastic fluid at a definite pressure at the other side of said piston in the fluid pressure operated cylinder to elastically resist the movement of said piston, and means for variably regulatin the pressure of said supply of elastic fluid at said other side of the piston.

3. In combination with a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion en ine, a pump cylinder, a piston working t erein, fuel supply means communicat ng with said pump cylinder, said pump cylinder having an outlet communicating with the said comment of the pistons, means on said bustion cylinder, means actingi on said iston to move the same so as to raw fue into the said pump cylinder, fluid pressure 0perated'means acting on said piston to move the same to force fuel from said pump cylinder into the combustion cylinder, and c0mprising a piston, a cylinder in which said piston works, said cylinder communicating at one side of said piston with the combus tion cylinder to receive compressed elastic fluid therefrom for operation of said piston during the compression stroke in said combustion cylinder, a storage tank communicating with the combustion cylinder to receive compressed gases therefrom, and provided with a relief valve for variably controlling the pressure in said tank, and means for establishing communication from said storage tank to said fluid pressure operated means.

4. In combination with a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, a pump cylinder, a piston working therein, fuel supply means communicating with said pump cylinder, said pump cylinder having an outlet communicating with the said combustion cylinder, means actin on said pis-' ton to move the same so as to draw fuel into the said pump cylinder, fluid pressure op erated means acting on said piston to move the same to force fuel from said pump cylinder into the combustion ylinder, and com prising, a piston, a cylinder in which said piston-works, said cylinder communicating atone side of said piston with the combustion cylinder to receive compressed elastic fluid therefrom for operation of said piston during the compression stroke in said com-- bustion cylinder, said oil pump piston and fluid pressure operated piston being independently movable, spring means operating on said oil pump iston for moving the same in a direction to raw fuel into the cylinder for said piston, a wed e mounted to move longitudinally with re ation to the moveistons for engaging said wedge, and means or adjusting the said wedge transversely to the movement of the pistons to control the stroke of the fuel pump piston.

In testimonpl whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at 0s Angeles, California, th s 15th day of June, 1912.

FRANK J. KIMBALL.

In presence of ARTHUR P. KNIGHT, MARY E. Bnasonn.

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