US1082986A - Die for cutting wood and similar materials. - Google Patents

Description

E. B. & A. B. WILDER. Y DIE POR CUTTING Woon AND SIMILAR MATERIALS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9, 1912.

1,082,986, Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

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E. B. & A.B.W1LDBR. DIE FOR CUTTING WOOD' AND SIMILAR MATERIALS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 9,1912.

1,082,986. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

2.5i. edges' STA-5mg PATENT oFFicE.

ED-W-.Al-EDB. WILDER AND ALLEN B. 'WILDER, OF ST. LOUIS, MIS'SOURI.

A DIE FOR CUTTING WOOD AND SIMILAR MATERIALS;v

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Application led' November 9, 1912. Serial No. 730.340;

Patented DecT 30. 1913.

To gall' whom, it. may, concern Be, it' known thaty we,l EDWARD B. IVI-mm;

and-ALm-N B. WILpmg citizens of the United States. and residents-of the city of St. Louis- 1nd Stateof Missouri',- have invented' a new and useful', Improvement` in 'Dies for Cut` Wood sind; Si'iiiilar -lla'teiziuls,'l of which theyfollowin-lis, la4 spcification.

, This-inlentionnelates to die-cutting and. ndose` piirt-icul'a'gglyto -devicesff cutting bp articles cui. of' wann boards. or i 'Sheet-5; iiifleinihafldwood, such. as toys, fun-f guts, scrolls andi other pieces, sind. j

enit-ing.' relativen; thick. cardboard; pressedffbeJeather, rubbel and the like.

Oiiijdiei-cutting' devices: adapted' to...cutting;composite nt-temsA such.. as; use-iii mummial1-work.-

citttxuptsto cut; 'orothercompressi:

1 ed; bie-@meterme by.- the.. ondimyr, dimming- @it puncliiiigfiethedslieve.nesulted-in s l ting ndspliteri' tlefwood; ori-crushing; t

mteti-l'hus any eppnecibl'e, thickness the.

oft-he; out pices" are, not: clean-cut. :ind-

f Other. di`sevaxitgest and? diiiiculti'es htte-,arisen such14 methods; 'of' diefcuttin the-j like of. substantiab` thi'ckmess.l Fon innieuwe if. a, thi-mute@ bla-ae is used-, the hhidebuckks'a-nditwists.- nda alsoAV sticks to.

- thexilxuterinl-:cut-.-

The principali to, lbrand: cost; toavold split.'-

' j so. and Vspli'ntering-i 'the' woody toprevent i to thesurfceof the; wood.;- tofvoid/i- 11.11. Shing-.the materiali along the linso cut.;- "toisecure cleznjuf 'edges-'to the c'u'toutiob f 'to overcome otherobvious-disadvan 11o, lof, the; a'boveime'ntioriedf.methods and. toettain certain, advantages-.which -will here,-V

inoftenmorefully appear.-

. The invention.consists in theparts nudf in. 'the arrangements; and; combi'nations of 'parts iii hereinefteydescribed und clnimedi the accompanying. drawing-f which f. forms 'part ofthis specificationand 'wherein likel symbols refer to. like` Ra'rts- 'wherever they occur, Figure 1L is4 a verticallsection 5o showing the bed-fand movable headof-Ja-presszequipped witha cuttinggdie-illustratin an, embodiment ofthe 1nYeut1on;-.E1`g 2-g1sv a objects of this inventibnja-re positions :v Fig.. t is :i shui-lar view showingl the positions of the parts as. the: cutting blade is4 about to critici-the4 material to be cut: Fig-5 is o similzirview otter-'thecutting blade has. piissed al1-1' the way-through the: materia-L; and Fig; 6' is; w plnn-vew-of the cnt voiit.- piec;

I Referring; to.y thed'rnwings. particularly' Figs. 1V and; 2:- tliereof, theieis shown 'w cutitinged-ie, and parts; associated. therewith fox: ropei'art-i'onl onz w slicetfo -matcnin'l arranged i in. in vcuticully mov-inpmgerpress.. 'Abovefthe-v bed- 1,. the: Press. 'ump movable heod. ol:-

plate 2 .which istmountedlow-nwventical te# ciprocntory plunger:` 31.-.. Tlieplunger.' muy' t operatdi by: any'. Y suite-Blei.-- toggleon othexr' fobviioxs polverlmeclum'srri (.jnoil, showin ne I cordingto: the; ci? t'o. boused.

Secured;- tothe under silev of theilead' 21M- thepressiA as by' 4Q., isy x11-chase, on rec-- tangulanframes 5i ndnped to receive4 and@ hold: the die to be; pnesentlyf descpibedi. This f frame; 'ouholkleristprovi ddfwi th: dbwel pins-f 6. which enter:` holesmrovidcd there-'font' i'nf tliehead?. 2; so- :xs-t0.:pusitiomsaidi holden' properlyl to. receive tliesecuring screws 4f.- 'Fliefliollen ais: also; pnoyded with; followeif-Imre.f'which' zlmyve the; inne'rends? of 'screws 8: ,swvel'ed itlicreto so! as, to clamp:- the die` i'nplace:n

The die; comprises ablek on bucking 9: which may be of metzai-o` wood"e.sd'esi'red.4 -Iff the' die block is itmdeof' woqd'g, n1; com tinuousf cut is made. therein; with ya, band saw or scrollsow, said-cut;being; of the-same. contour as tlieanticle-ftor be formed: cutting blade or lni'fev10.-

littedl abound: thecutand? thecut; out pieceisvplced; back;

thinf SISA v'muy be-tnckedat' iii'tcizval's 'to the'zlilock, .but` this "is not absolutelyfnecessagy -asvtlieebladeimny `he made to-...been'ngainst-the;under sidexoffthe hend2.;.ttliethcks -beingfusedjfmerelyto holdf the -blde from pulling out; ofi-thc `bloeit 9 .while the cut' mater-inl. is beinglstrippedE I therefrom and: also -tofhold 'the ibladeiin'splace'- jon'.- the block when the. latten is dtacliedi `from `the-chase or holder 5'.-

The cuttingfbladefor. kiiife'lO 'maybe-:made:

to conformto any desirable-contour,.as for` eiainpl, the outline of la toy figure or imposition; or it may be divided into sections, as indicated by the lines of division 11 shown in the drawing, and held together by the fclamping elements 7, 8. i 1

Glu'ed or otherwise secured tothe u nder side= of the die block 9 is a body or layer of resilient vcompressible material 12 such as sponge rubber, or like substance,-having a multiplicity of air r gas-filled pockets or cells so that it may be compressed like a pneumatic pad when confined between walls.

'The surtacearea of the layer' o material 12 'may be such' that. its marginal portions underlie the chase or holder 5. `the under side of the die block-is lush'with In some cases,

the under side -of Athe holderand in other ,clases it may not be so thick. However, the

required surface area is governed princi# pallyby the surface are'aof the object to be c'ut out and also b v the: surface arca of the 1 material from which the object is cut, as'

I "fwillhereinafter more fully appear.

The normal thickness of the layer of cellular substance 12 depends principally upon 'the thickness of the material from which the objectisto be cut; With a sponge rubber ,'40

cushion, it has been found expedient to have the body of sponge rubber of a thickness apprximately threetimes that of a wooden board or sheet to be cut. For example. if the wood is one-quarter of an inch thick, the sponge! rubber should- -be about 'three- When thepiece to be cut-out has a surfacearea'of more than five inches -by five inches,

" the' size'of the` pieceI is of but little consequence as far as the allowable `-pressure per square inch upon the materialto be cut is concerned. With' a -spongerubber cushion ofthe relative thickness above stated, the

sponge rubber may be compressed to one-4 fourth of its normal thickness. However,

thispressure -iscxcessive and is liable to injule the surfacevof the Wood. A Hence, it, is `'not desirable tocompress to within less than five-.sixteentlxs of?v its normal thickness, and

a'safe maximum -co'npression hasbeen found to be not loss thanthree\e1ghths,-

l-whileza satisfactory usual compression. is

' one-half;

.To keep the wood from splitting it is de- 'lhe arrangement.

sirable that there` should ordinarily be a. pressure of about sixteen pounds per square inch before the bladev enters the wood. With an ordinary grade of sponge rubber if the n'ood to be cut is one-fourth of an inch thick and the sponge rubber is three-fourths of an inch thick, the rubber should be com'- pressed about one-eighth of an inch before the blade begins to enter the Wood. 'llu-iefoie, in case such sponge rubber be used,` the edge of the blade should benormally` one-eighth of an inch inward from the bottom face of the layer of sponge `rubber.' The above example is :onlytypial with reference to sponge rubber, and fwhre othcrsimilar substances are substitutedlthe proportions may bevaried; and the"varia tions in the' relative proportionsI will depend somewhat on the material to-be'cut.

, To preservev the surface finish of the materialt'o be cut and to build up the pressure on intricate cuttings vwhere there is'a tendency for 'the materialto bind on the blade when stripping.- it is preferable, in'some cases. 'to provide a layer 13 of some relatively hard and inelastic"substance,-such as hard rubb'er. celluloid,- or pressed "fiber, on the underjside oftheqlay'er '12 of the sponge rubber or other cellular *substanc'e In other cases, aithinflayer` 1 4o'fj sheet' rubber layer 13 serves las a binder-"for the under side of the layer 12; and the outerl layer 14 acts as va cushion upon the surface ofT and also serves to frietionally hold the mat rial being cut and, thereby prevents shifting while the cuttingr blade is entering the material. When these two layers 13` 14., are provided, the edge of the blade.10 will be located approximately `one-eighth of 'an inch inward from 'the bottom face of' the outer flaycr, .so that the compressible layer 12 will have the initial compression of oneeghth of-an ich, as above set for r The sponge rubber or other cellular substancenot only serves `toexert. a' pressure or clampingr action on .the`materialbeingcut, but also supports. the blade 'laterally relatively deep or wide and-livery. thinblade maybe used. The sponge'rubber iiurtller acts as a 'stripper to remove, the-material from the blade after the yout has :beerr made.

on both sides of the'cutting blade,o as to prevent it from buckling and 'twisting. This .is accomplished satisfactorily when the bladeis'locatcd `so that4 there is a substan tially equal mass of thespongeubber or ,other .cellular .substancevv on `1eitl1e r\side to the margin of vthe -body of sponge, rubber or close. tothe side of the chase or holder, 1t

will then be necessary to have the'body lof throughoutits lengthandfwidth.4 'Hence a.

Ttis desirable to createan equalmsupport 'thereofgibut should the blade be located near may be placed on said laver 13.V` The 'hardV` .a5

spon e rubber extend under the chase, in whic casel the chase ought to be deeper. than the thickness of the die-block and the rubber cut away lor rabbeted so that normally the entire under face of the body of rubber is in the same plane. In.this way, the reduced thickness of rubber under the chase is compressed to a greater density than the balance.l Hence, the lateral support for the blade is equal on both sides. The quantity of the rubber removed is determined by the degree of compression to be given the 'main body of rubber, and, of course, the relative thickness of the die-block and depth of the chase or holder must correspond accordingly. So, too, in an intricate cutting where portions of the cut out piece are relatiyel-y narrow and necessitates locating two or more blades or rebent sides of a continuous blade close together, or where the different portions ofthe cut out object are of various, proportions, a. portion of the body of sponge rubber between the blades may be removed and a liller block or blocks of corresponding proportions placed on the under side of the die-block, so as to secure'an equalized lateral support for the blades and also to insure the stripping of the cut out piece from between the blades.

A platen or backing`15` of hard rubber, Celluloid, pressed fiber, or an equivalent substance that will not dull the cutting edge of the blade, is mounted on the bed 1 of the press to support the board or sheet of material 16 whic is to be cut; and in some cases, the outline of the object to be cut out may be cut or grooved in the platen or backing 15 so as to make a clearance for the cutting edge of the blade.

- Certain woods spread laterally under compression more than others and some have a certain resiliency which makes them have a greater binding effect on the cutting blade` as it backs out of the work. However, this binding does not depend entirel upon the friction of the wood, but it is o be noted that the greater the cutting friction the more the wood binds.l Therefore, it is obvious that well seasoned close grained Wood is best adapted for treatment by the present process.

To get the best results the blade should have a long tapering cutting edge, and it should not pass into the wood beyond the termination of its bevel2 for the reason that the wood wed es so tight that the blade would stick. t o, too, clean cut ed es are obtained by moving the blade re atively i fast through the work; and in some cases the cutting edge of the blade may be scalloped, y serrated, or otherwise irregularly shaped,

as desirable.

By using the thin blades which the construction .and arrangement of the device permits, pieces may` be cut out for inlay work so as to fit with exact nicety. That is, a piece may be cut out of a board or sheet of material and a like piece cut out of another board or sheet with the same die, and

-the respective pieces will tit the opening in 3. A die comprising a backing, a cutting blade projecting therefrom, a body of resilient compressible material inclosing said cutting blade snugly on both sides thereof and extending beyond the cutting edge thereof, and means for unequally compressing said resilient material to create an equalized lateral support on both sides of said cutting blade.

4. In a device for cutting wood and similar materials, the combination with a support for the material to be cut', of a die comprising a cutting blade and a close fitting filling of a resilient compressible cellular substance for creating a pressure upon said material throughout the region of the cut and adapted to support the cutting blade laterally on both sides.

In aQdevice for die-cutting Wood and similar materials, a die comprising a backing having a body of resilient compressible cellular substance thereon, a layer of relatively inflexible substance secured to the outer face of said resilient substance, and a thin cutting blade embedded in said resilient substance with its cutting edge ter,- minating inward from the outer face of said outer layer.

6. In a device for die-cutting wood and similar materials, a die comprising a backing having a body of resilient compressible cellular substance thereon, a layer of relatively hard and inelastic substance secured to the outer face of said resilient compressible substance, a relatively thin layer of elastic substance secured to the outer face of said layer of inelastic substance, and a.

cutting blade embedded in said resilient sub-l backing, a thin cutting blade projectm'g thevefrolm am d 1L pneumatic @ad on said Sigmf' ab St. Louis, Missouri, this 1st day bucking 51mg n @inbedding Said Cutting of U'oveninber, 191.2.

bmde, mid da bmx/img nim-3ans :Ew equalminp; EUR/VA RD B. VILDER. th@ lnteml pressure of said pnelima' pad ALLEN P. VVLDER.

on opposite sidas Dit the blad@ i501" supporting; Wim the hmm' when saf'l pad is cmnpwsse@ in. Contact Wh will@ nmelial to ha cut.

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