US1081937A - Adjusting means for cutting tools, arbors, chucks, collets, &c. - Google Patents

Description

0.1". HEINKEL.

ADJUSTING MEANS FOR CUTTING TOOLS, ARBORS, OHUGKS, GOLLBTS, 6w.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNEB. 1910.

1,081,937. Patented Dec. 16, 1913.

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CHRISTIAN F. HEINKEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ADJUSTING MEANS FOR CUTTING TOOLS, ARBORS, CHUCKS, COLLETS, &c.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Cmus'rmN F. Humane, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Adjusting Means for Cutting Tools, Arbors, Chucks, Collets, &c., of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to adjusting means which are well adapted to such articles as cutting tools, arbors, chucks, collets, and the like, and the main object of my invention is a simple and e'ilicient adjusting means which is easy of operation, positive in its adjustment, and etlicient in maintaining its adjustment; other objects will appear hereinafter.

I attain these objects, broadly speaking, by engaging a threaded cone face of an adjusting means with a threaded and conical opening in an adjustable body, or vice versa, the sides of the threads being arranged to perform a particular function in addition to the usual function of a thread.

The annexed d 'awing and the following description set forth in detail a certain arrangement of parts for carrying out the invention, such disclosed arrangement of parts, however, constituting but one of Various forms and arrangements in which the principle of the invention may be applied.

In said annexed drawing: Figure I is a section on line XX of Fig. II; Fig. II is an end view of Fig. I; and Fig. III is a diagrannnatical view on a larger scale illustrating the principle of the thread arrangement more fully.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The said drawing illustrates an adjustable reamer which consists, principally, of a body 1, of an adjusting cone 2, and of a plurality of cutter blades or teeth 8. Said body 1, in this instance, is made of soft but rather tough material, either forged or cast, and is provided with a plurality of slots which are adapted to receive said cutter blades 3, as will appear hereinafter. At the front end body 1 is provided with a conical and threaded opening 41: which is adapted to receive said adjusting cone 2, as Will appear hereinafter. The rear iortion of body 1 provided with a suitable slot 5 for the purpose of driving connection between the reamer proper and a suitable shank. Body 1 further has a central bore 6 adapted to re- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 8, 1910.

atentcd ]Dec. 16,1915.

Serial No. 565,728.

eeive a shank, and a countcrbore 7 for the purpose of reducing the quantity of material near the end of teeth 3 so that the front part of body 1 fan spring in or out more readily as will appear here'iiuifter. Body 1 is rendered adjustable by providing slits 8, preferably one slit for each tooth 3; these slits 8 are cut through the shell like portion of body 1 and extend, preferably, some distance beyond the rear end of teeth 3, thus forming prong like projections on body 1 which can be sprung outward or inward as the nlanipulation of adjusting cone 2 may occasion. Since in thus dividing the front part of body 1., the several said projections are separated at the front. end and likely to vibrate or chatter when the tool is in use, it is therefore essential to provide a locking means which either joins said projections at the front end after adjustment, or locks said projections in a rigid or ell'cctive manner after adjustment. This I accomplish by the undercut threads as will appear hereinafter. An additional safeguard, to prevent such chatter, is to lock said projections. A ctnivenient means for accomplishing this result is to provide lock screws 9 which have a conical head, are screwed into body 1, preferably in the center of slits 8, and are adapted to force said projections apart, or in other words, these lock screws 9 unite body 1 at the front end, or in a measure fill up the slits 8. thus locking the front part of body 1 and preventing vibration in the said projections and consequent chatter in the tool. For convenience of manufacture, the openings for screws 5) should be drilled and tapped or otherwise provided in body 1 before slits 9 are cut, inasmuch as tapping a hole which is traversed by a slot or slit is not an easy operation, as well. known in the art. The said prongs or projections, being under tension when the tool is in 110illltll or working condition, adjusting cone 2 will be held in position by the friction between said prongs and said cone 9. as will appear hereimrfter, but an additional locking means for cone 2 may be provided as a safeguard. A convenient means for that purpose is one or more set screws 10 1nounted in body 1 and adapted to be forced upon said cone 2 and hold it in its proper posi tion, but it is preferred to provide shoes 11 of soft material, so that the threads on said cone 9 may not be injured by the point of the set screw.

Adjusting cone 2 is provided with a central bore 6* to receive the front part of a shank, and is further provided with a thread on its cone face which thread is adapted to engage the said thread of the conical opening l in body 1. For the purpose of easy comprehension, and to illustrate my pre ferred arrangement of the threads upon the cone face more fully and on a larger scale than Figs. 1 and H, the Fig. III is added. In this Fig. Ill, X represents the longitudinal axis, as for instance the axis of the reamer shown in Figs. I and H, Y represents the apex of the thread and Z represents a plane perpendicular to the axis X and passing through the apex Y. When extending the side a of this thread, the line b is produced, and when extending the side a of the thread, the line (Z is produced. The line 5 passes through the apex Y and forms the angles 6 and f; the angle 6 being less than ninety degrees with the plane Z and the angle f being less than ninety degrees with the axis X; and the line a lies upon one side of the plane Z. The line cl passes through the apex Y and forms the angles g and it; the angle 9 being less than ninety degrees with the plane Z and the angle it being less than ninety degrees with the axis X; and the line 0 lies upon the same side of the plane Z as the side a. Vith this arrangement, undercuts are formed by both sides of the thread and the adjustable member which, in this instance, is represented by A is prevented from expanding radially by reason of the undercut produced by the disposition of the side a and is also prevented from contracting radially by reason of the adjusting member which, in this instance, is represented by B, being in position and being prevented fro-m longitudinal movement by reason of the undercut produced by the disposition of the side 0. In this arrangement, a sixty degree thread is shown and the undercuts formed by the sides a and 0 are alike; the length of the sides a and 0 are also alike which is possible only when the line C forms an angle of forty-five degrees with the axis X. When this line C has an inclination of more or less than forty-five degrees with the axis X, and the undercuts formed by both sides of the thread are alike, the sides a and c will not be of equal length.

It is obvious that the inclination of the sides a and 0 as well as the line C may be varied to suit any general or special purpose, condition, or requirement. F or instance, the side a may be inclined more to the plane Z than shown in Fig. 1H. Vflien this side a approaches very near to the plane Z, or even coincides therewith, the member A should be locked in position in some manner. Likewise, when the side 0 approaches very near,

or coincides with a line parallel with the axis X, the member B should be locked in position in some manner.

Generally speaking, as long as the sides a and c are disposed on one side of the plane Z and the angles and h are each less than ninety degrees with the axis X and such disposition of the sides a and c is within reasonable limits no locking means is required for either of the members A and B except, possibly, when very heavy duty is required or as a safeguard. The duty required of the adjusting means in each particular case should determine the best disposition of the thread, the inclination of the cone face, and the locking means when necessary or desirable.

It is understood that the threads employed in this invention are continuous, similar to the threads on a screw, but are out upon a conical face, whereas the threads of an ordinary screw are out upon a cylindrical face, and it is further understood that, in the description of the diagrammatical view, no account is taken of the friction between the threads. Such description will follow hereinafter.

The teeth or cutter blades 3 may be driven into body 1 as shown, or secured thereto in any other suitable manner such as molecularly united to body 1, or cast into body 1, or formed directly upon the body 1.

For convenience in adjusting this tool, a zero line 0 may be provided on body 1 and the outer edge of adjusting cone 2 may be graduated with-a suitable number of gradu ations consistent with the pitch of the thread and the angle of the conical face, so that each graduation line may represent some fractional standard measurement, as for instance one thousandth of an inch.

After the several parts of this tool are made up and when assembled and ready for final grinding of the cutting edges, the adjusting cone 2 should be screwed in so that the said prongs with their teeth expand sufficiently to put some tension onto said prongs; the tool may then be ground to its required size. vVhen such tension is existent, sufficient friction is caused by such tension to hold adjusting cone 2 and said prongs in position without any further aid, excepting, possibly, the locking means hereinafter described as a safeguard when heavy duty is required of the tool.

The operation of this adjusting means is as follows: l/Vhen rotating adjusting cone 2 by means of a suitable wrench inserted into any of the openings 12 provided for that purpose, adjusting cone 2 will move longitudinally, either outward from the tool or in toward the tool similar to an ordinary screw thread, but the threads being out upon a conical face and consequently disposed at an angle with the axis of the tool, and not parallel as in an ordinary screw, the said prongs with the teeth will be forced in or out radially and uniformly (the threads being continuous) corresponding to the lead of the thread and to the direction of rotation of said cone. After the tool is so set to the size required, screw 10 is tightened to prevent further rotation of cone 2, and screws 9 are tightened to lock or connect the front part of said prongs to prevent chatter, when such locking means are provided. When such locking means are not provided, adjusting cone 2 is rotated to adjust the tool to a required size and no further locking operation is necessary since the combination of the friction between said threads and the undercuts thereon will hold the tool in its adjusted position.

The angular relations between the several lines illustrated in the diagrammatical view can, of course, be varied, but it is desirable that each side of said threads form an undercut so that both members may be held in position by the friction between said threads and the undercuts so formed; a locking means may then be provided as a safeguard only.

In similar adjustable cutting tools, previously made, no undercut threads were provided, and to prevent digging in an additional locking means was necessary which adds to the cost of construction, operation, and maintenance, whereas, in this invention, the undercut threads lock the tool in its ad justed position, due to the wedging action of said undercut threads, by simply manipulating the adjusting member. No other parts or extra operation of such other parts being necessary, adjusting and locking of the tool is accomplished in one operation and cost of construction is reduced.

It will be seen that this adjusting means is very simple and eflicient, easy of manipulation, positive in operation and maintenance of adjustment, and capable of a wide rang of adjustment, particularly so when counterbore 7 is provided.

I claim:

1. The combination with an adjustable member having a screw-thread, both sides of said thread lying on the same side of a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the said member and passing through the apex of the thread, an adjusting member provided with a similarly formed thread and adapted to engage the first mentioned screw-thread.

2. The combination with an adjustable member having a screw-thread, both sides of said thread extending at an angle of less than ninety degrees to the longitudinal axis of the said member and upon the same side of a plane perpendicular to the said axis and passing through the apex of the thread, an

adjusting member provided with a similarly formed thread and adapted to engage the first mentioned screw-thread, and means for locking the adjusting member in position.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a hollow body having flexible prongs which are free at one end, there being a conical screw-tln'eaded recess formed in the ends of said prongs, a conical member having screw-threads upon the inclined face thereof, and adapted to engage the screw-threads upon the ends of the aforesaid prongs, and plugs inserted between the adjacent prongs to hold the same and prevent vibration thereof.

4. The combination with a hollow body having flexible prongs which are free at one end, there being a conical screw-tln-eaded recess formed in the ends of said prongs, the sides of each of said threads lying on the same side of a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the said member and passing through the apex of the thread, an inclined member having similarly formed screw-threads upon the inclined surface thereof, scrcw-tln'eads on the inclined memher being adapted to engage the first mentioned screw-tln'eads to adjust the said prongs and to hold the same in adjusted position.

The combination with a hollow body having flexible prongs which are free at one end, there being a conical screw'threaded recess formed in the ends of said prongs, the sides of each of said threads extending at an angle of less than ninety degrees to the longitudinal axis of the said member and upon the same side of a plane perpemlicnlar to the said axis and passing through the apex of the thread, an inclined member having similarly formed sorew-thremls upon the inclined surface thereof and being adapted to engage the first mentioned member to adjust said prongs and to hold the device in adjusted position.

6. An adjustable cutting tool comprising a hollow body having tiexible PlOiigS, the ends of which are free, cutting members mounted upon said prongs, there being a conical screw-t'hreaded recess formed in the ends of said prongs, the sides of each of said threads lying on the same side of a plane perpemlienlar to the longitudinal axis of the said member and passing through the apex of the thread, a conical member having similarly formed screw-threads upon the inclined surface thereof, screw-threads upon the conical member being adapted to engage the first mentioned serew-thrcads to adjust said prongs and hold the same in adjusted position.

7. An adjustable cutting tool cmnprising a hollow body having flexible prongs, the ends of which are free, cutting members mounted upon said prongs, there being a face thereof, screw-threads upon the conical 10 conical screw-threaded recess formed in the member being adapted to engage the first ends of said prongs, the sides of each of mentioned screW-threads to adjust said said threads extending at an angle of less prongs and to hold the tool in adjusted posithan ninety degrees to the longitudinal axis tion.

of the said member and upon the same side CHRISTIAN F. HEINKEL. of a plane passing through the apex of the WVitnesses:

thread, a conical member having similarly HENRY R. SYDoN,

formed screw-threads upon the inclined sur- ELMER G. ESSIG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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