US1080810A - Hot-blast oil-burner heater. - Google Patents

Description

R. B. CARTER.

HOT BLAST OIL BURNER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED Amm, 1910.

l @l@ Patented Dec.9,1913.

8 SHEETS--SHEET l.

R. B. CARTER. HOT BLAST OIL BURNER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.8, 1910.

Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

LQRSU.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY,

R. B. CARTER.

ROT BLAST OIL BURNER HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.8, 1910.

RRRRRRR.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Dec. 9, 1913.

WITNESSES RICHARD CARTER, 0F BLAIR, NEBRSKA.

HOT-BLAST OIL-BURNER HEATER..

madero.

v p Specification of` Letters Patent.

Patented Dee.. 9, iti.

Application filed AugustV 8, 191i?. Serial No. 576,128.

To all/whom z't mcyconcem:

Be it known that RICHARD B. CARTER, a'citizen of the Unitedl States of America, residing at Blair, in the county of Washington and State of Nebraskm'have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot-Blast Oil-Burner Heaters, of which th following is a specification. My invention relates to 1mprovementsoil-burners appl-led to heaters for warming Ventilating buildings; and the objects of my improvement are, first, to combine in an oil-burner facilities for the perfect corn-l bustion of crude oils or distill'ates thereof with means to properly vcntilate the space or rooms warmed; second, to provide the burner with. an automat-ic hot-blastsupply the perfect combustion of fuel, before the` gases of combustion are carried away through the 'ventilation exhaust duct; fifth, to eliminate the usual roaring soundv common to the oil-gas or hydrocarbon burner and to produce a steady untlickeringl'lame of `perfect combustion; and, s1Xth,to so arrange and construct the parts of the vburner so as' to .facilitate the superheating vFig. 2, a plan of the whole heater below the dotted line Z) offFigs. 1 and 3; Fig. 3, a

' vertical sectional elevation on the dotted lines c of Figs. 2, 4, c and 6; Fig. 4t, a plan on the dotted line l of Figs. 1 and 3; Fig. 5, a plan on the dotted line c of Figs. 1 and 3; Fig. 6, a top View of the heater without y the fuel tank; Fig. 7, a central vertical section at larger scale of the combustion-chamber and burner on the dotted lines f and g of Figs. 8 and 9 respectively, the tops oi" the remaining pipes 11 and 11 cut away' to disclose their connection to the heatingdrum; Fig. 8, a plan of the combustion and hot-blast chambers on the dotted line .7L of Fig. 7,'a portion of the Hoor of the hot-blast chamber cut away to disclose the'burner conrespectively; l1

inl

nections beneath; Fig. 9, a vertical Icrosss'ection of the burner, combustion-chamber and lower part oi. the hot-blast chamberon lthel dotted lines z' and j OFigs. 7 and S ig. 10, a'view ot the underside of the retort; and F 11,7a front or rear elevation of the retort.

n all of which views like reference numerals designate likepart's of the structural contrivance andarrows indicating the ldirection fmovement; of the same gas or air currents in diderent views.`

` Primarily, the preferred form of my improved burner `applied to a heater as disclosed by the drawings, comprises an axially-vertical cylindrical struct-ure supported above the floor on-legs 1 and having a cen-` tral combustion-chamber and heat-dome 2 containing a hot-blastoil-burner in the base thereof; an exterior concentric radiation chamber 3`also serving as a diving Hue connected to the heat dome or top of the oombustion-chamber;I a Aheating or `radiationchamber 4 interposed concentrically between the combustion and radiation chambers and open at bottom and top-for the free passage of air taken up from near. the floor; a horizontal base iue 5 connecting the base of the exterior radiation chamber with an exhausttiue G to be connected to a chimney-flue of the, building. And the liquid-fuel-burner, which is especially designed for consuming crude natural oils or distillates'thereof, hav- -ing a retort 7--8 interposed between a gasjet 9 below and a downwardly discharged hot-air-blast from the hot-blast air-heating drum 10 above; which drum is supplied with cold or foul air from the floor of the room and.partially heated while ascending through the vertical ' pipes 11, 11 etc., all within said combustion chamber as shown. The heating of the vertical air-supply pipes, disposed within range of the flame, and the hot-blast drum' above in the path of the hot gases of combustion from the flame' below, supplemented by the drai't oi the exhaustlue, maintains a supply of hot air to the burner andfpromptes perfect and silent combustion. Y

A c'astiron base-plate 12 has the inner upstanding flange-13 to engage -the lower end' of the circular sheet-metal combustionchamber casing 14. Also other upstanding dangers as shown, including the wide outer vertical base-,flange 15, to connect with the horizontal.flange or top 16 and ,the inner vertical ange 17 of the circular angle-casing to form the circular horizontal baseflue 5. The top 16 is also vsuitably flanged to' connect the lower endsof the outer circular sheet-metal casing 18 and the like -sheet-metal partition 19 between the radiation chamber 4 and the exterior chamber 3.

This base-plate has the requisite apertures to receive the liet- blast supply pipes 11, 11, etc., also a circular row 20 of openings to admit the air from below into the base of the radiation-chamber; it also has integral lugs on its bottom surface to enga-ge the supporting legs 1. The top of the basetlue has the perforations 21 connecting it with the outer chamber above and a large rear opening to connect said base-tine with' the exhaust-flue 6 which is a portion of the outer chamber divided oit by the vertical side partitions 22.

T he top end of the radiation-chamber is terminated in a series of vertical ducts 28, 23 etc., with equal intervening spaces. To accomplish this the full size chamber is terminated at the eastiron top or headI 24 spaced a distance below the castiron denied This head is top 25 of the entire heater. shapedI with top and bottoni t'langed open'- ings agreeing in size and position with `the tlanged openings 26, in the heater top and connected therewith by the interposed sheetinetal ducts 23, 23 etc., which forni the discharge exits at the top of said radiationchamber. These ducts are enlarged convergently inward into-the heat dome at the top of the combustionechamber to preserve the area of cross-section of outlet from the chamber and to increase lthe hottest radiation surface thereof. This inward enlargement is extended downward at 28 below the head to avoid stricture of outlet and further increase the radiating surface. The spaces between said ducts and between the head and top above, serve as connecting ducts from the combustion-ehalnber to the outer radiation of diving-Hue chamber. 'lh'e heater top has the elliptical opening liangcd upward to forni a. tapered terminal nipplerirn 29 to connect the exhaust-flue to an ordi` y nary sheet-metal smoke-pipe.

A pair of oscillating dampers 30 and 30 are disposed one aty each side near the head of the exhaust-flue, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. These daanpers are rigidly mounted en the horizontal rod 31 disposed through the flue and having oncend extended. out through the outer casing \and bent. to forni the handle-eye 32 by which the rod is rocked and the daniper-platesl oseillated to cover or open the direct-draft openings C33 and 3?.

Opposite .to the exhaust-flue and close down to the base-flue the jambs 34 are disposed to forn a doorway through the outer and radiation chambers into the base of the combustion-chamber, forl access to the.

burner. A closure 35, is hinged to close and lock against the outside, and has a transparent panel 8G through which the burner may be inspected to regulate the (tame without opening the door to interfere with the hot-blast supply.

lVhile l have shown the fuel supply to be troni a tank 37 supported on a shelf 38 in an elevatedv position to give the required head or pressure of flow to the burner, this may be attained by air pressure in the top of the tank Without elevating it. The vertical supply pipe 3S) has the needle valve 40 placed as close ,as convenicntto the burner to control and shut olf the liquid fuel. Entrance is inade to the coxnbustion-chainher vertically through the base-plate, so that the horizontal section Ll1 of the supply-pipe may be swung in a horizontal plane to bring the tank to any desired position relative to the heater.

The first element in the burner is the connected vertically disposed'filter-pipe 45, having top and bottoni ends tilled with tight fitting foralninous diaphragn'is 4G' andati,

4and the intervening space filled with a disintegrate granular substance, preferably clean small gravel 27, to forni a filter throueh which the tud suailv niust )ass upward. Connected tio this by an ordinary pipe-fitting elbow isif'the horizontally disposed retort 7 8. downward return bend 4:7, of like elbows and` a short interposed vertical connecting pipe, is connected to the .opposite end of the retort and supports the connected horizontally disposed gas or va.- por pipe 4S below the retort; and this gaspipe has a jet-oriliee 4&9 opening upward centrally beneath the retort.

The retort: consists of the single length of pipe 7 screw-threaded at its ends to connect with the fittings, and the heating-block and Haine-spreader S of castiron disposed centrally aro-und the pipe by casting on. This spreader is a horizontally disposed thickdist: having a wide bevel 50 around its top outer edge forming` a frusto-conieal top to deflect the desccrulingr hot-blast'. outwardly. The 'under surface 51 is concaved tol form an inverted trough lying directly under and parallel with the retort-pipe 7 to carry a larger portion of the gasand flame toward and aro-und the filter and the oppositely disposed return-beiul. The eoncaved underside and the adjacent nearly vertical edges 52 are smoothly polished, whereby any sooty aecuinulatitm- (pliekly cleaves ott as the spreader becomes hot, even to redness, .so that-the retort receives the full effect of the flame 53.

To supply a hot-blast of air to the burner to facilitate the silent and perfect combusti'on of the, vaporized fuel, four vertical inlet pipes 11, 11 etc., are disposed at. equai distances apart around the burner and. with meedere in the vcombustion-chamber, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9. Their lower ends are projected through the base-plate and down toward the fioor to take up the coldest and foulest air of the room. Their upper ends terminate and open into the hotblast rheating-chamber or drum l0. The courseof this blast of air is indicated by the arrows 56. This hot-blast air-heating chambei' is a vertical cylindrical sheet-metal inclosure support-ed by the inlet pipes 11 and disposed centrally above the retort and concentrically inlthe combustion-chamber; and being of less diameter is spaced away from the walls vof the combustion-chamber-leaving 'a passage clear around for the ascending hot-gases of combustion. A discharge duct 54 is disposed centrally and vertically through the lower head of the hot-blast chamber; this duct has the top end placed as close to the top head of the chamber as possible and not restrict the passageway t0 take out and down the heated air; and the loweror discharge endprojects below the' lower head terminating at the required height above the burner to discharge the hot-blast downward against the top of the heating-block and flame-spreader.

A drip-pan 55 is placed on the base-plate beneath the burner and supplied with a noncombustible fibrous mat to hold .a supply of liquid fuel to burn when starting the burner. I

In -.operation the dampers 30 are 'first opiened, ving direct draft from the top of the com 'ustion-chamber into the exhaustflue-as 'indicated by the arrows 57 and 57, in Figs. 3 and 5. The controlling valve of the t'uelv supply is opened until a small amount of the oil hasdripped down onto the mat in the pan and is ignited to first heat and startthe burner. y Vhen thel burner attains a working heat, the dampers and illuminated door are closed and kept closed and the size of the flame regulated by the controlling valve in-the fuel-supply pipe.

'While the retort proper 7--8 becomes `heated to redness, all'parts'of. the burner within the base ofthe combustion-chamber, includingthe air-intake pipes to the hotblast, becomevery hot. The filter. and opposite return-bend are-made intensely hot by the flame directed around them by the partiulardirection of the lconcavity of the undersidetfgf the flame-spreader as described above.l And th proximity and central po- '.sition 4'of the-small short jet-orifice'gas-pipe with reference to the ame Iand connected parts in. the closed base of the combustionchambena where' no cold' currentscan strike 1tkeep' itstemperature so close to that oftion of the highly heated and vaporized fuel between the retort and the flame.` By cast- V troughe plemented bythe intense superheating action of the retort serves to deliver against the spreader a highly rarefied superheated oil-vapor.-gas. As this gas spreads out it is met by the downwardly discharged current of the hot-blast which is super-heated when it strikes the top of -the intensely heated heating-block; at. which line of meeting almost silent and perfect combustion takes place. The circular line of initial ignition of the gas is near the edge of the spreader, when the' fuel supply islturned on to its greatest required volume lf therate f supply of fuel is reduced the circular line of initial ignition-reduces in diameter bringing more offthe center of the flame in contact with the spreader and heating-block; whereby, the Vretort is retained nearly as hot. by a small iiame as when more fuel is being consumed; thus supplying a substantially uniformquality of vapor-gas for any required degree of heatingl rPhe foul air takenup and discharged by the hot-blast and mixed with the gases of combustion rises to the top of the combustion-chamber 2; passes, as indicated by the arrows 58, 58, etc., outwardly over the head of and between the vertical terminal ducts above the lhead of the radiation -chamber 4; thence downward in the outer circula-r chamber 3 and throughthe openings at its base into thebase-flue 5; thence backward to the base of 4and up the exhaust-flue 6.

I claim:

'1. lYht-blast oil vapor-burner, comprising 'a combustion chamber having an exhaust opening, an oil supply pipe leading into saidcombustion chamber, and a filter inthe oil'supply pipe in said chamber; a retort consisting ofzapi e disposed in the combustion chamber an havin Vone end communicahlyV connected miti-ie fi ter andat its: opposite end a return bend having a jet `orifice opening towardl a central portion of said ipe, a metal heatilig-block Hamesprea er and hot-blast-deector disposed centrally' on said pipe byl casting on and having a frusto-conlcal face, its opposite face dis said return bend; anda hot-blast device consistmg' of an air-heating drum disposed in osed toward said jet oricefand 1n alinement with said filter and the combustion chamber at the side of the retort opposite to said jet orilice, air pipes in the combustion chamber spaced around said retort and communicably connected with the outer air and with said air-heating drum, and a discharge-pipe disposed part way through said drum and its dischargeend projected from the drum toward the Jrusto-conical dellccting 'face of the retort.

2. A hot-blast oil vapor-burner, comprising a combustionchamber having an eX- haust outlet, an oil supply pipe leadino upwardly 'in said chamber, a filter in said upwardly leading pipe, a horizontally disposed retort duct communicably connected at vone end with the top of said filter its opposite end having a downwardly-disposed return bend and its underside troughed in alincmcnt with said filter and bend, a vapor gas-pipe r-ommunicably connected to said return bend and having a jet orifice opening upwardly toward the center of the troughed underside of the retort, an airheating drum vdisposed in the combustion chamber and over the retort, vertical air pipes in the combustion chamber and spaced around said retort .their lower openl ends disposed through the bottom of said chamber and their top ends communicably con; nected to said heating drum, and a vertical hot-blast pipe disposed through the bottom of said heatmnr drum its receiving end projected 'upwardly into the drum and its discharging end projected downwardly toward the top of the retort.

3. A hot-blast oil vaporburner compris-l ing a. combustion chamberhaving an exhaust opening, a duct-retort disposed in said chamber and having a frusto-conical top anda horizont-all troughed bottom and the bottomV 'and'`v a jacent peripheral edge smooth] polished a vertical oil supply pipe dispose in said c amber in alinement with the troughin the bottom ot the retort and communlcably connected with the duct thereof, a pipev communicably connected td the opposite end of the retort duct by a downwardly disposed returnbcnd in almemen't with said trough and said pipe having a jet orice opening upwardl toward the eenter'of said troul h, an aireating drum' disposed in said c amber and above said retort, vertical air pipes in the chamber spaced around said retort and eommunicably connected with the outer air and to said heating drum, and a hot-blast pipe leading downwardly from said heating drum to discharge on the top of said retort.

4. A hot-blast oil vapor-burner comprising a combustion chamber having an exhaust outlet, a hot-blast oil vapor retort having a fuel sup ly connection and a jet disposedin said e amber, an air-heating drum in said chamber, air pipes in said chamber spaced around said burner and communicably connected With the outer air and with said drum, and a hot-blast pipe having a receiving end disposed part way through said air-heating drum and its opposite' disi charging end projected from said drum toward said burner.

5. An oil vapor burner,comprising a horizontally-disposed retort-pipe, a vertical oil supply pipe connected at its top end to one end of the' retort pipe, a filter in the top end of the vertical oil supply pipe, a downwardly-disposed return bend duct connectv ed to the opposite end of the retort pipe, a circular heating-block and dame-spreader of metal cast on the center of said retort pipe and its bottom face shaped to form an 1nverted trough disposed in alinement 'with said oil supply pipe and .said return bend, said bottom face and the adjacent peripheral circular edge of. the heating-block and dame-spreader smoothly polished, and a gas-pipe connected to said return bend, dispose beneath the retortpand having a jet orifice opening upwardly 'toward the center f of the trough in the bottom face of the flame-spreader.

6. A retort for hot-blast oil vapor burners` comprising a straight metal pi e with open coupling ends, a metal heatinglock, fiumespreader and hot-blast-deector, east around an intermediate portion 'of the pipe and having a'face shaped to form a trough disposed parallelly with the pipe and an oppositetfrusto-conieal face. v y

In'testimony whereof I alix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

` RICHARD B. camina.. Witnesses; i i

c C, A.. ssamm,

HERMAN H. Smcvn.

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