US1079786A - Process of hardening copper. - Google Patents
Process of hardening copper. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1079786A US1079786A US64875911A US1911648759A US1079786A US 1079786 A US1079786 A US 1079786A US 64875911 A US64875911 A US 64875911A US 1911648759 A US1911648759 A US 1911648759A US 1079786 A US1079786 A US 1079786A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- hardening copper
- chamber
- hardening
- hardness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000784732 Lycaena phlaeas Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
Definitions
- This invention relates to a process of ten pering copper and my object is to devise a method imparting a greater degree of hardness to copper than is possible with present known processes and without adding any other metal to form a. copper alloy.
- the soft copper is fashioned in the usual manner to form substantially the finished articles and these in any convenientaquantity are then placed in a. closed chamber-which is provided with any convenient means of heating. 'In this chamber the copperarticles are heated to a high temperature .(say 1600 F.) at the same time the chamber is filled with a reducing gas such as carbon-monoxid and in this chamber in'contact with a reducing agent the copper articles 'are allowed to cool. When cold they will be found to have acquired a high'degree of hardness.
- the reducing atmosphere in the chamber may be produced by separately generating the gas and conducting it into the chamber by me'ans of suitable ipes.
- a very effective manner of securing t e desired atmosphere in the treating chamber consists in coating copper articles with either a hydrocarbon,
- Aprocess of hardening copper which .comprises coating the copper with a material including a compound containing both by drogen and carbon; and thereafter heating said COpPeI'ttO a temperature of about 1600 F., and then allowing to remain out of contact with air until cold.
- a process of hardening copper which comprises coating the copper with a material including carbohydrate and thereafter heatwith air until cold.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Description
JAMES A. MOLARTY, OF TORONTO, ONTARIQOANADA.
PROCESS OF HARDENING COPPER.
noravsc.
No Drawing.
Specification of Letters Iatent.
Patented Nov. 25, 1913.
Application filed September 11, 1911. Serial No. 648,759.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAMnsA. MCLARTY, of the city of Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Hardening Copper, ofwhich the following is a specification.
This invention relates to a process of ten pering copper and my object is to devise a method imparting a greater degree of hardness to copper than is possible with present known processes and without adding any other metal to form a. copper alloy.
I attain my'object by treatin the copper the manner I will now'des'crlbe in detail. The soft copper is fashioned in the usual manner to form substantially the finished articles and these in any convenientaquantity are then placed in a. closed chamber-which is provided with any convenient means of heating. 'In this chamber the copperarticles are heated to a high temperature .(say 1600 F.) at the same time the chamber is filled with a reducing gas such as carbon-monoxid and in this chamber in'contact with a reducing agent the copper articles 'are allowed to cool. When cold they will be found to have acquired a high'degree of hardness.
The reducing atmosphere in the chambermay be produced by separately generating the gas and conducting it into the chamber by me'ans of suitable ipes. A very effective manner of securing t e desired atmosphere in the treating chamber, consists in coating copper articles with either a hydrocarbon,
such as crude petroleum or a carbohydrate, for example sugar, which when heated will be decomposed and will produce gases. or
vaporscapable of having the desired effect '-up0n the copper. There should be. a considerable excess of the hydrocarbon or carbohydrate employed, whereby a surplus of free carbon in solid form, will'be left in con;
tact with the copper article, in the form of a coating, which condition I find to be very Care should be taken that the carbonaceous material employed is free from sulfur, since the latter'has a very deleterious effect on the copper and prevents its hardness. A. cheap grade of sugar has been found. to excellent results in this process.
What I claim as my invention is 1. Aprocess of hardening copper which .comprises coating the copper with a material including a compound containing both by drogen and carbon; and thereafter heating said COpPeI'ttO a temperature of about 1600 F., and then allowing to remain out of contact with air until cold.
2. A process of hardening copper which comprises coating the copper with a material including carbohydrate and thereafter heatwith air until cold.
T0ronto this 1st day of Sept. 1 91 1;
w JAMES A. MoLARTY. Signed in the presence of'- J. Eow. MArBnn, E. P. HALL,
gl vefavorable to the effectiveness of the process.
ing said copperto'a temperature of about
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64875911A US1079786A (en) | 1911-09-11 | 1911-09-11 | Process of hardening copper. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64875911A US1079786A (en) | 1911-09-11 | 1911-09-11 | Process of hardening copper. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1079786A true US1079786A (en) | 1913-11-25 |
Family
ID=3148020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64875911A Expired - Lifetime US1079786A (en) | 1911-09-11 | 1911-09-11 | Process of hardening copper. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1079786A (en) |
-
1911
- 1911-09-11 US US64875911A patent/US1079786A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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