US1074577A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

IE. s. SMITH.

UARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 22, 1909.

Patented Sept. 30,1913.

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I CAR-BURETER.

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, Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMER S. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Boundbrook, in the county of Somerset and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of whichthe following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in carbureters for hydrocarbon engines, and it consistsin the novel features, arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Theobject of my invention isto provide a simple and highly efiicient carbureter for automatically supplying gas of the requi-' site quality, In accordance with the work demanded, to the cylinder of the engine with which the carburetor may be connected. I contemplate the use of my carburetor in connection with the cylinders of automobile engines for supplying the gas thereto. The quantity and quality of gas supplied to automobile cylinders should vary in accordance with the demands of the engine, and the quantity of the gasolene suppliedto air on the suction strokes of the piston or pistons, should be capable of automatic regulation aswell as of predetermined adjustment, and to accomplish these objects'are among the purposes of my invention.

The carbureter apparatus of my invention I comprises a reservoiror tank within which I a uniform level of gasolene is maintained, a casing connected with the conducting pipe leading to the cylinder of the engine, and a cylindrical receptacle pivotally mounted within said casing and in communication with the gasolene and formed with a wing valve for controlling the air supply through the pipe and also with a series of radial out let nozzles'or small pipes for gasolene, said nozzles defining in their connection with said receptacle an inclined or spiral line extending along about one-quarter of the circumference of the receptacle. The receptacle carrying said wing valve and series of outlet nozzles is mounted to rock or oscillate on its longitudinal axis under fluctuations of air A pressure, and to deliver more or less of the gasolene to said nozzles in accordance with its position, said nozzles being normally above the level of the liquid in the receptacle and having their lower ends carried below such level as the receptacle is-more or less turned on its horizontal axis. Under a light stroke of the iston only a very few of the inner ends of t e nozzles will be carried, by the turning of the receptacle, to a position to receive gasolene, whlle under a stronger suction stroke of the piston an ad-.

ditional number of saidnozzles will have their lower ends carried downwardly to a suflicientextent to receive the gasolene, and 5 hence the feed of the gasolene, as wellas of the air, will depend-upon the nature of the stro-kesof the piston, and said strokes will be, as usual, in accordance with the demands on the engine or the work to be performed. My invention enables a sensitive control of the gas supplied in accordance with the requirements of the engine, and the richness of the gas being proportioned to such demands. I also provide means for' manually turning said receptacle, as occasion may require, so that, for example, if the automo- Patented Sept. so, 1913.

bile should be descending a hill all of the outlet nozzles maybe carried above the level of the gasolene, or if ascending a stee hill all of said nozzles could be carried 'ownwardly to receive the gasolene.

The invention will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a central vertl cal longitudinal section of a carburetor constructedin accordance with and embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through a portion of the same on the dotted line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 isa vertical transverse section, through a portion of the same, on the dotted line 33 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section on the dotted line 44 of Fig. 1 of a spring-and-lever mechanism connected with the cylindrical receptacle located within the air and gas conduit or chamber; and Fig. 5 is a like section through a portion of the same on the dotted line 5-5 of Fig. '1; v

In the drawings, 10 designates a tank or reservoir for the asolene, and 11 a casing forming within'it a mixing chamber to;

the air and vapor, and connected, as usual, by a pipe, not shown, with the cylinder of the engine.

The tank 10 contains a float 12 and is provided with a supply pipe 13 whose inlet to the tank 10 is controlled by a suitable valve 14 operably connected with the float 12 so that theiilatter when tilting downwardly at-one side of its support may open said valve'to'asdm-it an additional supply of gas'olene to the tank and when tilted upwardly at said 'side, due to the rise of gasolene in the tank, may close said valve and cut off any' further supply, for the time being, of gasolene to the tank. The float 12 serves in connection with the gasolene in the tank 10 to automatically control the valve let and maintain a predetermined level of gasolene within the tank.

Within the cylindrical casing 11 is mounted a horizontal cylindrical rotary tube or receptacle 15 WlllCll extends transversely tion or the other.

within said casing and at one end is mounted on a shaft or stem 16= which extends through one side of the casing 11 and at the other end on a hollow hub 17 which extends through the other side of said casing 11 and projects within a hollow pipe-union 18 which connects the tank 10 with said recep'tacle 15. The horizontal center line of the receptacle 15 is nearly on a level with the normal level of gasolene in the tank 10, and" hence normally the gasolene uninterruptedly flaws from the tank 10 into the reoeptacle 15 until the predetermined level of the gasolene has been attained and the supply cut ofi by the float 12 and valve 14. I preferably provide free passage for the gasolene to the receptacle 15, but furnish means for controlling the communication from the tank 10 to the receptacle 15 so that Whenever desired the 'fiow'of the gasolene into the rece tacle 15 may be restricted or entirely cut oil such means in the pres ent instance being a valve 19 extending through the shaft or stem 16 and receptacle '15 and adapted at its inner end to a conical valve seat formed in the hub 17 surrounding the opening therein. The valve stem is threaded and engages a threaded opening in the shaft 16, and said stem 19 is provided on its nuter end with a suitable head 20 by which it may be readily turned in one direc- The hub.17 will preferably be packed by means of a gland 21, and during the rotary movement of the receptacle 15 the hub 17 may turn with said receptacle in its bear-ing aperture provided in the side of the section 11. The shaft or stem .16 supporting the opposite end of the receptacle 15 is adapted to have a rotary movement in ,the bearing aperture proof the pipesection' mally turned downwardly into the gasolene in the tank 10, said arm being of suliicient length to always have its lower end remain submerged in the gasolene during any tilting of the automobile and also during usual oscillations of the receptacle 15.

The receptacle 15, with its connected parts, constitutes one of the more important features of the invention, and said receptacle extends entirely across the mixing chamber within the casing 11 and at its opposite sides is formed with wings 22, 23 constituting a valve and at its upper side above said wings is equipped with a series. of radial nozzles or small pipes 24, these pipes 24 all being of about the same length and disposed on an inclined line extending throughout about one-quarter ofthe circumference of the receptacle 15. The pipes" 24 are suitably spaced apart and occupy the middle portions of the mixing chamber above the receptacle l5, and the inner ends a of said pipes due to their inclined or spiral arrangement, are on varying levels above the gasoleue in said receptacle, as shown in Fig. 1, in which the left hand pipe 24: is shown as vertical with its inner end at the maximum point abovethe level of the gasolene, while the second to the left hand pipe has its inner end on a slightly/lower level than the left hand pipe, and the other pipes in series extending toward the right have their inner ends on gradually lower levels until the right hand pipe is reached with its inner end almost on'a level with the gasolene. I vary the locations of the inner ends of the pipes 24in the manner indicated, so

that when the receptacle is only slightly turned from its initial position, only one or more of the pipes 24 shall receive gasolene, and when a somewhat greater turn is given to the receptacle 15 an added number of the pipes 2 1 may receive gasolene, and so on in accordance with the action of the piston in creating the suction which turns said receptacle or the necessities of'the engine. I preferably provide each of the pipes 24 at its outer end with a contracted opening and a needle valve 25 therefor, so that the outlet from the pipes 2 1'may be given a predetermined size in accordance with the conditions that may be met in actual service.

The wings 22, 23 are preferably cast integrally with the receptacle 15 and define, with the adjacent portions of the receptacle, a disk closing, when in a horizontal-position, the mixing chamber, of a passage 26 left b the formation of a recess 27 in the edge 0 the wing 22. I provide the recess 27 in the no time shall the air assage be entirely closed. The wing 23 di 'ers from the wing 22 in that its edge is not provided with a recess 27 and it carries a lower section 28 wing 22 so that at with the exception which is in the form of a quarter of a sphere conforming to the inner adjacent walls of the mixing chamber and adapted during the ordinary oscillatory rotations of the receptacle 15 to substantially exclude air from passing between it and the adjacent wall of said chamber, my purpose being that the air passing upwardly by the receptacle 15, shall enter by passing between the outer edge of the wing 22 and the adjacent wall of said chamber. I provide the quarter-spherical section 28 on that quarter of the surface of the receptacle 15 which is diagonally oppo- T site to that portion of said surface which it carries the series of pipes 24, said pipes and said section 28 being so proportioned that,

' as nearly as may balancing of t 22, 23 horizontal. During. the suc-' tion stroke of the piston, the vacuum action be, there will be a natural e receptacle with the wings will tilt the wing 23 upwardly and allow the wing 22 to correspondingly descend, the'suction being greater against the wing 23 by reason of its not having a portion of its surface cutaway. I, however, provide a spring .29 on the stem or shaft 16 for normally maintaining the receptacle 15 with its parts in the initial position in which the same is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The spring 29 is a coiled spring connected at its inner end to the shaft and at its outer end to a lever 30 free on the shaft 16. The spring 29 is so tensio'ned as to normally hold the wings 22, 23 horizontal and when during the operation of the engine thewings are tilted to admit air through the'mixing chamber, the

' 24 to the required position. The casing 11 is provided with stop pins 32 and the shaft 16 with a projecting pin 33 to engage the pins 32 duringthe movement of the receptac'le 15 and thus prevent said receptacle from being given an undue movement on its The operation of ,the carbureter will be largely understood-from the foregoing description without further detailed explanation. As the receptacle 15 is turned either under the action of the suction stroke of the piston or manually by the operator, a greater or less number of the pipes or nozzles 24 will pass below or above the level of the gasol-ene, and hence the quantity of gasolene issuing from said pipes or nozzles will vary with conditions and requirements, the result being that the quality of the gas will vary, the leaner gas being supplied for light work and the richer gas when the demand on the engine is greater. The position of the wings 22, 23 controls the air supply through the casing 11, and the construction and arrangement is such that with an increased supply of air, when the engine is doing a heavy duty, a greater number of the nozzles or pipes 24 will deliver gasolene. When an automobile employing the invention is climbing a steep hill, the receptacle 15 maybe turned toward the right (looking at Fig. 3) so as to carry a greater number of the pipes or nozzles 24 downwardly to receive and deliver gasolene, and also to open the valve more widely for the purpose of admitting sutficient air. When the automobile is descending a hill and not requiring any special amount of gas, the rece tacle 15 may be manually turned toward t e left (looking at Fig. 3) so as to carry all of the pipes or nozzles 24 upwardly entirely clear of the gasolene within said receptacle, in which position the valve wing 23 at the other side of said receptacle is depressed below the horizontal, and air is allowed to pass the wings on both sides unmixed with gasolene to the center. To enable this, the curved shield or quartered/sphere 28 is not carried above the level of the wing 23.

I illustrate the receptacle 15 as provided with seven of the pipes or nozzles 24, but a greater or less number of these pipes or nozzles may be employed in accordance with the size of the apparatus and the work tov be performed. One advantage in having a surplus number of the pipes or nozzles 24 is that some of these pipes or nozzles may be closed at their outer ends and held in reserve for use should the other nozzles become foul or inoperative when the automobile is in actual service.-

Vlrhut I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters'Patent, is:

1. In combination with a casing having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a combined valve and fuel receptacle disposed across said casing, having its normally horizontal dimensions approximately corresponding to the internal horizontal cross section of said casing and of less vertical than horizontal dimension, and having the wall of the fuel receptacle apertured to discharge fuel there from, whereby the fuel discharge and air passage are correspondingly increased as the combined valve and fuel receptacle is rotated.

2. In combination with a casing having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a rotatable 'member comprlsing a fuel receptacle disposed across said casing to act as a valve approximately closing the passage therethrough when in normal position, the wall of the fuel receptacle beingapertnred to persaid member, and means for rotating the said member to elevate the fuel discharging means and prevent the discharge of fuel while permitting pass. I v

3. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle therein, a source of gasolone supply connected with said receptacle, a series of outlets connected at their inner ends with theinterior of said receptacle at different heights, whereby as said receptacle is rotated said outlets are successive moved to or from their discharging POSI- air unmixed with fuel to tion and a variable-dischargeof the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said receptacle.

4. A carburetor having a' chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle therein, a source of gasolene supply connected with said receptacle, a series of outlets connected at their inner ends with the interior of said receptacle at different heights, whereby as said receptacle is rotated said outlets are succestherewith, and means for valve and receptacle.

slvely moved to or from their discharging position and a variable discharge of the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said receptacle, said outlets having independent control valves.

5. A carbureter having a chamber for thepassage of the air and gasolene, a trans-- verse rotary receptacle therein, a source of gasolene supply connected with said receptacle, a SGI'luS of outlets connected at their inner ends with the interior of said receptacle at different heights, whereby as said receptacle is rotated said outlets are successlvely moved to or from their discharging position and a variable discharge of the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said receptacle, said outlets being arranged on a line extending partly around the upper side of said receptacle.

6. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse throughsaid chamber and connected with said receptacle for simultaneous operation operating said 7. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle thereln, a source of gasolene supply connected with said receptacle,

to or from their discharging position and a c'eptacle for simultaneous operation there- .chamber therein for the passage of the air some a series of outlets connected at their inner ends with the interior of said receptacle at difierene heights, whereb'y as said receptacle is rotated said outlets are successive y moved variable discharge of the gasolene is secured, a valve for controlling the passage through saidchamber and connected with said. re-

with, means normall. yieldingly maintaining said receptacle in its initial position, and means for manuallyfrotating said receptacle and'valve.

8. A carburetor having a cylindrical and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle in said chamber having valve wings at op posite sides thereof, a source of gasolene supply connected with said receptacle, a series of outlets connected with the interior of said receptacle at different heights, where by as said receptacle is rotated said outlets are successively moved to or from their discharging position and a yariable discharge of the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said receptacle, one of said valve Wings having ashield section depending therefrom to exclude the passage of air along its side of said chamber.

9. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of air and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle in said chamber havingv at its upper side a series of discharge outlets, a source of gasolene supply connected with said receptacle, a valve for controlling the passa e through said chamber and connecte withsaid receptacle for simultaneous operation therewith, and means for operat-, ing said receptacle and valve. 1

10. A carbureter having -a chamber for the passage of air and gasolene, a transverse rotary receptacle in said chamber having at its upper portion a series of discharge outlets, a valve operating therewith a source of gasolene supply connected with said re- 110 ceptacle, and means for operating said receptacle and valve.

11. In a carbureter of the character described, thecombination with an outer shell having an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a

fuel receptacle pivotally. disposed in said shell, said receptacle in normal position substantially closing the air passage between said inlet and said outlet, said receptacle having a plurality of fuel passages in its wall disposed at different distances above the fuel level in said receptacle and adapted to consecutively come into action to supply fuel into said outer shell when said receptaclo is tilted and the air passage between said inlet and outlet isgradually opened, the number of active fuel passages increasing with the size of the air passage.

12. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotarytube therein,,.a. source. ofi gasolens-sup 1y connected ,with said .tube, a

rice 0 radialtoutlet pipes connected at t eir inner ends with said tube at different heights, whereby. as said tube is rotated said pipes are successively ,moved ,to or from their dischargingposiiion and a variable discharge of'.thefgaso leneis secured, and means-l for rotating. said tube.

13. A carburetor having. a chamber for the passage of the .airandgasolene, .a-transverse rotary'tube. therein, a. source of gasolene-supply .connected with said tube, a

series 0 radial. outlet ipesconnected at their inner ends WithsaId tube at difierent heights, whereby assaida tube is rotated said pipes are successively moved .to or from their discharging position and a variable discharge of the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said, tube, and independent control valvesin said pipes.

14. A carburetor havinga chamber for the passage of the. airandgasolenaa transverse rotary tube therein, a source of-gasdlene-supply connected ,with said tube, a series of radial outlet pipes connected at, their .inner ends with said tube, ,at difierent heights,

'. whereby as said tube is-rotated said pipes are oft successively moved to or from their discharging position and a. variable ,discharge of the gasolene is secured, and'means for rotating said tube, said pipes being arranged on a line extending partly around the upper side of said tube.

15. A carbureter having a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotary tube therein, a source of gasolenesupply connectedwithsaid tube, a series of radial outlet pipes connected at their inner ends with sand. tube at different heights, whereby as said tube is 'otated said pipes are successively moved to or fromtheir discharging position and a variable discharge,

of the gasolene is secured, avalve $f01' con trolling the passage through said chamber and connected with said tube for simultaneous operation therewith, and means to operating said valve and tube. v v

16. A carburetor ha'ving'a chamber for the passage of the air and gasolene, a transverse rotary tube therein, a source oi gasolenesupply connected with said tube, a series of radial. outlet pipes connected at their inner ends with said tube at difi'erent heights, whereby as said tube is rotated said ipes are successively moved to or from t on discharging position and a, variable discharge e gasolenejis secured, a fan-valve for I controlling the passage through said chamber'and having-its wings at. opposite sides of and connected with said" tube, and means passage of air and explosive mixture and a combined fuel containing and feeding reply connected with said tube, a series of radial outlet, pipes connected with said tube at difierent heights, whereby as said tube is rotated said pipes aresuccessively moved to or from then discharging position and a variable discharge of the gasolene is secured, and means for rotating said tube, one of said valve-wings having a quarter-spherical section dependin therefrom to exclude the passage of air afiong its side of said chamber.

19. A carbureter having a chamber for the passage of air and gasolene, a transverse ro tary tube in said chamber having at its up per side a series of, discharge outlets, a source of gasolene-supply connected with said. tube, a valve for controlling thepassage through .said chamber andconnected with said tube forsimultaneous operation therewith, and means for operating said tube and valve.

20. A carburetor having a chamber for the passage of air and gasolene, a transverse-rotary tube in said chamber having at its upper portion a series of discharge outlets, a source of gasolene supply connected. with said tube, a valve for controlling the passsage through said chamber and connected with said tube for simultaneous operation therewith, and means for operating said tube and valve;

21. In a carburetor, the combination com combined valve and receptacle being adapted when rotated to admit a graduated 1;? of air between its outer surface and inner surface of said housing andthe said receptacle being provided with one or more outlets extending throu h its wall, adapted to permit. the escape 0 fuel from; said receptacle and into said housing.

22. In a carbureter, the combination comand mixture outlet openings, a combined valve and fuel receptacle pivotally mounted intermediate said openings and adapted to substantially seal communication therebe 2 tween when in a normal osition, said receptacle being provided with outlets which extend' through the wall thereof, and means for optionally depressing or elevating said orifices with respect to the level of the fuel its prising a housing, provided with air inletposed across said air within the said receptacle whereby the fuel may be fed from said reoeptaclein accordance with the requirements of the engine.

23. In a carbureter having an air passage g through which air flows in developing exan air valve member dispassage in throttling relation thereto, .said air valve member being rotatable at will and constructed to selectively graduate the opening of the air passage by its rotation; and a reservoir having connection with the air valve member which enforces rotation of the reservoir simultaneously with the air valve member; said reservoir having a series of fuel outlets progressively rendered effective by the rotation of the reservoir.

plosive mixture,

24. In a carbureter having'an air passage through which air flows in developing an explosive mixture, :1 fuel reservolr havlng a plurality of discharge openings adapted to be subjected to the influence of suction within the carbureter, whereby the discharge capacity of the reservoir may be varied, and an air valve member in throttling relation to the air passage and in controlling relation to the fuel discharge; said air valve member being rotatable at Will and constructed to passage by its rotation and by its said r0ta 1 tlon also enforcing graduation of fuel discharge. 4

25. A carbureter having a chamber for the passage of air and explosive mixture and -a combined rotar air valve rotatab e on a substantially hori:

zontal axis and efliecting the variation of" both fuel and air 'assing through said chamber, and means or rotating said valve.

26. A carbureter having a chamber for the passage of air and explosive mixture and a combined rotary fuel receptacle and air valve effecting the variation of both fuel and air passing through said chamber, said re-, ceptacle having fuel discharge-means in its Wall adapted to vary its position relatively to the axis of rotation of said'receptac le for varying the amount of fuel discharged'from said receptacle.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 20th day of May A. D. 1909.

' ELMER S. SMITH. Witnesses:

ARTHUR MARION, CHAs. G. GILL.

fuel feed receptacle and I

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