US1065555A - Loom. - Google Patents

Description

B. SGHWESER.

LOOK.-

uruoniox FILED SEPT. 25. 1912.

1,065,555. Patented June 24, 1913..

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COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH co., WASHINGTON, D. c.

E. SGHWESER.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1912.

Patented June 24,1913.

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E. SCHWESER.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1912.

1,065,555, Patented June 24, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

hlllihllln UNITED STATES PATENT @FFC EDWARD SCHWESER, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

LOOIVL To all whom 2'25 may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWARD Sorrwnsna, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to looms, and it consists in a novel means for incorporating in the fabric a figure or pattern existing wholly independently of any scheme of relation of the warp and weft threads of the fabric. According to that embodiment of the invention which is herein shown and described for the purpose of illustration the figure or pattern thread or threads are intermittently shifted through the warp from one side to the other of the weaving plane and back again, the filling thread as it is passed through the shed which is caused to be formed while the pattern threads are in the shifted position being laid across the latter so that it will serve in the finished fabric to bind in the pattern threads, and said pattern threads are also from time to time moved in one direction or the other laterally of the warp so that the shifting of the pattern threads through the warp may take place in different points therein, leaving the pattern threads between the binding points laid over or upon the face of the fabric.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein the invention will be found fully illustrated, Figure 1 is a front elevation of sufficient of a narrow-ware loom provided with the improved means to illustrate the invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of what is shown in Fig. 1 and of the warp; Fig. 3 is a plan view on a somewhat larger scale of the mechanism whereby the pattern threads are caused to move laterally; Fig. l is a plan, partly broken away, of the member 11 of said mechanism; Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of a part of the means for supporting said mechanism; Figs. 6 and 7 are elevations of certain parts associated with the member 11; Fig. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the manner in which the pattern is worked out in the fabric; and, Fig. 9 is a detail, illustrating the means for guiding the rail 0 carrying the needles.

It will be of course understood that, whereas a narrow-ware loom is herein shown and described for the purpose of Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 25, 1912.

Patented June 24:, 1913 Serial No. 722,194.

illustration, the invention is applicable to broad-ware looms.

The batten structure, including the batten proper a and shuttle blocks Z), the means for securing the blocks to the batten structure including the uprights 0 and bracingstrip (Z, shuttles e, reeds f, harness 5/, and the instrumentalities h h for supporting the warp and woven fabric are or may be all the same as in any loom of the kind illustrated. It will be understood that the weaving, so far as the warp and weft threads are concerned, proceeds in the usual manner, the harness, batten, warp and fabric and shuttles being operated and controlled by the usual means, which it is unnecessary to show, in full.

The pattern threads are supplied from spools i suitably supported at the back of the loom. These, designated A, extend over the bars back of the batten affording a part of the instrumentalities 72. for supporting the warp and fabric and then over a round rod 7' secured upon the top of the bracingstrip (Z, to the fabric, as shown in Fig. 2. Between the fabric and rod 9' they extend through the needles 70 serving as the means for shifting them through the warps and imparting the lateral movements thereto. To keep each thread at the proper tension a ring Z may be strung thereon in a loop of the thread between two ofthe bars h, the weight of such ring and the degree of re sistance to rotation of spool i, which is fairly freely revoluble, being such that the thread A is kept fairly taut between the needle and the spool and yet nicely responds to the influences operating to draw it from the spool.

As intimated, there may be one or more pattern threads for each fabric. The needle or needles 7c therefor are secured side by side by screws m in a block a mounted on a horizontal rail 0 to which it may be secured by the screws 79. This rail is secured to the lower ends of straps g which extend around and are secured to pulleys r on a shaft 3 journaled in brackets 25 on the loom frame. Secured to the periphery of another pulley u on this shaft is a strap 4) which extends over a pulley w and has its other end attached to a lever 00 which bears against the periphery of the cam 3 on a shaft 2 suitably driven from some going part of the loom. In the rotation of the cam it will be obvious that the rail 0 and the needles will be reciprocated vertically. The rail 0 is shifted back and forth laterally by means now to be described: At one end it has a vertically cit-ligated head By a spring 3 connecting said head with the post portion of a bracket 4 the rail is normally pulled to the right in Fig. 1. hlovement thereof to the left is caused by the rotating pinion 5, journaled on a stud 6 in the horizontal head 7 of said bracket, said pinion having an eccentric radially adjustable stud 8 against which the head 2 of the rail is held by spring Meshing with pinion 5 is a transmission pinion 9, also journaled in head 7, and meshing with pinion 9 is the pinion portion 10 of the member 11 shown in Fig. l, the same being journaled on a stud 12 projecting forwardly from the bracket l and hav ing a forwardly extending sleeve 13 provided with a key 1 1. On the sleeve portion 13 of member 11 are arranged a stop-wheel having a faceted periphery and two ratchets 16 having their teeth reversely cut, the stop-wheel and ratchets having interior grooves 17 which receive the key 1 1- so that each of the parts 15 and 16 turns with mem ber 11. A spring-pressed dog 18 bears against the periphery of the stop-wheel, serving to hold the group of parts 11, 15 and 16 at any point to which it may be retatively moved.

Oppositely projecting levers 19 are fulcrumed on the stud 12, being retained thereon by the pin 20, and these levers carry pawls 21 respectively engageable with the ratchet wheels toward which they are normally drawn by the springs 22. During the downward movement of each lever its pawl comes against a fixed stop 28 {each stop bein conveniently afforded by a stout wire or rod suitably bent into shape and secured to the bracket 4.) which disengages it from its ratchet. The post of the bracket a is vertically adjustably secured by a setscrew 25 in a bracket 26 secured by the bolts 27 to the back of the batten, 28 being a slot in the bracket 26 receiving the bolts and allowing lateral adjustment of said bracket and the mechanism it carries. The levers 19 are connected with levers 29 or other operating elements of a jacquard, (lobby or similar mechanism though the medium of the flexible connections 30 extending around the pulleys 81.

It will be observed that due to the flexibility of the connections 9 and 30 the up and down and lateral movements of the rail 0 may be effected notwithstanding the forward and backward movements of the batten. To confine the rail to a single plane of movement the batten structure preferably includes fixed upright guides 82 secured to the back of the batten, the same being received in longitudinal slots 33 suitably provided in the structure of the rail.

Operation: As stated, the weaving, so far as the warp and weft are concerned, proceeds in the usual manner. From time to time (in the presentinstance on each pick of the loom, due to the cam g making one complete revolution for each pick of the loom and to the form thereof illustrated), the rail 0 moves downwardly and upwardly,

thrusting its needles though the warp and thus shifting the thread A from above, or

one side of the weaving plane, to below, or the other side of said weaving plane, and back again. During each such movement of the rail 0 a shed is formed. Vl hile the part of the thread between any needle and the fabric stands shifted to the lower side of the weaving plane the shuttle is thrown through the shed to lay the filling therein, such filling thus crossing over said part of the thread. On the closing of the shed, and the beating-up of the filling as the fell of the fabric, the thread A will thus be left bound. by the filling in the fabric. as indicated at the ponits B in Fig. 8. Occasionally, as one or the other of the levers 29 is called, the rail 0 is shifted laterally, thus bringing the needles to new points of entering the warp; this shifting movement of course so timed as to occur when the needles are clear of the warps. In consequence, and after the thread a of any needle has been again bound in the fabric in the way already described, the part of the thread between the two binding points will be left floating over the face of the fabric, as indicated at C in Fig. 8.

It will be noted that the lateral shifting increments of the needle-carrying structure vary as the stud 8 changes from either of the dead-center positions relatively to said structure to either of the two positions halfway between them. By therefore employing a rotary member, such as 5, provided with an eccentric stud, as 8, with which the needle-carrying structure is held operatively engaged, and by providing means to rotatably shift said member back and forth arbitrary distances in each direction, not only is an almost endless variety of designs possible but the character of the designs rendered widely variable, each design moreover being capable of being worked out with far less number of jacquard cards (for effecting the lateral movements of the said structure) than would be required in the use of the jacquard machine in the usual way.

It will be understood that when one of the elements 29 is called it effects the raising of the corresponding lever 19 and through the pawl attached thereto and the corresponding ratchet 16 rotates the train of pinions in one direction; further, that on the re ceding movement of an element 29 the corresponding lever 19 falls, bringing its pawl 21 against the stop 23 out of obstructing relation to the corresponding ratchet.

It will be obvious that a substantially unlimited variety of designs, patterns or figures may be incorporated in the fabric in this way, depending on the timing of the lateral and vertical movements of the rail (4, the number of needles employed for each piece of goods being woven, the variety of colors of the pattern threads, and other obvious conditions.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a loom, the combination of instrumentalities for supporting the warp and fabric, means to intermittently shift a pattern-thread through the warp from one side to the other of the weaving plane and then return the same including a pattern-threadneedle-carrying structure movable up and down and also laterally, means for forming a shed in the warp on the shifting of the pattern-thread therethrough, means for projecting the filling through the shed and across the path of return of the shifted pattern-thread, a batten-including support, and mechanism for imparting lateral movements in opposite directions to said structure including a rotary motion-imparting member journaled in the support and having an eccentric stud and said structure being held engaged with the stud, and means to rotatably shift said member back and forth arbitrary distances in each direction, substantially as described.

2. In a loom, the combination of instrumentalities for supporting the warp and fabric and forming sheds in the warp, a batten structure including spaced shuttle blocks, a reed arranged between the blocks, a shuttle guided in and by the blocks in a constant path forward of and spaced from the reed, a vertical pattern-thread needle arranged in a vertical plane extending through the space between the reed and the shuttle path, said batten structure including rigid vertical guides arranged relatively rearward of said plane, a horizontal rail arranged vertically opposite said space, having said needle rigidly attached thereto, provided with longitudinal slots receiving said guides and being confined by the latter to a single vertical plane of movement, means to move the rail up and down, and means to move the rail laterally from time to time, substan tially as described.

3. In a loom, the combination of instrumentalities for supporting the warp and fabric and formin sheds in the warp, a batten structure, a reed carried by and a shuttle guided in said structure, a horizontal rail guided by said structure for movement laterally and vertically in an upright plane and having a vertical head, an upright pattern-thread needle carried by said rail, an upright post secured to said structure and having a head, a rotary member ournaled in the post head and having an eccentric stud, a spring connecting the rail and said post and holding the former against said stud, means to rotate said member including another rotary member journaled in the post head and having two reversely cut sets of teeth, levers fulcrumed in the post head, pawls respectively engaging said sets of teeth of the last-namedrotary member and carried by said levers, means for alternately actuating said levers, and means for moving said rail vertically, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDIVARD SCHl/VESER.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN STEWARD, VVM. D. BELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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