US1056366A - Sulfite-waste explosive. - Google Patents

Description

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SULFITE-WASTE EXPLOSIVE.

1&56 366.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, FRITZ RAscHIc, doctor of philosophy, chemist, a citizen of the Gerand sulfite-waste constituents.

It also comprises an explosivejnwhich the ingredients above mentioned are present in substantially homogeneousintermixture, and in which the individual particles of the explosive, in whole or in part, are made up of both ingredients; and it further comprises a process of producing such an explosive5v all as more fully hereinafter set orth'and as claimed; v In the manufacture'oi paper or of paper pulp by thesulfite process ap roximately one-halfofthe Wood or other ce lulosic material treated 'isipresent in the waste liquors, commonly known as waste sulfiteliquors. The sulfite liquors used in the paper making process, such as calcium, magnesium or sodium bi'sulfite, disintegrate and break up the wood or other fibers, separatingthe cellulose from the non-cellulosic constituents,

' and dissolving the lignin or lignone and other soluble non-cellulosic constituents. Among the products present in this sulfite solution are dextrose and various other sugars,.xylose, aceticaci'd, tannic acid, nitrogen-compounds, resins, etc, as well as the so-called alkali .orearth alkali lignin-sulfonates, which last named products are the principal prod cts of the reaction of the sulfite upon the wood-fibers treated. The composition of these liquors varies somewhat with the wood treated, with the length and conditions of treatment, and with the sulfite used, the lignin com ounds however, probably in the form of su ionic acid salts, forming the principal constituent of the extractive matter present in the solution.

In making the novel explosives of the present invention the oxidizing agent can be dissolved in the sulfite liquors-"and the liquors evaporated to dryness, or the liquors can be evaporated nearly or completely Specification of Letters Patent,

Application filed April 11, 1912. Serial No. 690,184;

Patented Mar. s, 1913,

to, dryness and the oxidizin mately intermixed with the' l ably or strongly acid, to neutralize or other wise sub ect them to a preliminary treatacl'd' present can, for instance,- be neuacidity can be neutralized with lime and insoluble lime compounds removed. The liquors can be concentrated or even evaporated to dryness, and the concentrated liquor, or plastic or solid. mass used for making the novel explosives.

In making the new explosives by the dry mixing method the sulfite liquors are evapo- .mixing can then be efi'ected the mixing machine. It .is, however, in general more with the waste sulfite liquors while still in solution or while there is still enough liquor or liquid present to make the mixing a Wet,

intimacy of incorporationof the ingredients is thus possible, and a homogeneity of prod tain with the dry mixing process. For, since the ingredients when in solution are capable of greater interpenetration, the re-. sulting product obtained from such wet nearly homogeneous intermixture, and the up! in whole or in part of both ingredients. '1 e homogeneous nature of the product thus obtainable enables substantially com.-

plete combustion to take place, and as a result the-formation of smoke is minimized or entirely avoided. The dry mixing process, however, offers the advantage that the constituents of the sulfite waste liquors when evaporated. to dryness become much less soluble, so that the mixture partalres more of the nature of a mixture of the oxidizing agent with insoluble ingredients.

The incorporation or intermixture of the oxidizing agent and the wood fiber constituents oi the waste sufite liquors, according agent inti-" ry material." It is frequently advantageous, especially where the sulfite waste liquors are appreoa l" ment or concentration before using- The rated to dryness, and advantageously given a preliminary grinding and breaking up before mixing with the oxidizing agent. The

advantageous to mix the oxidizing agent uct obtainable, which it is impossible to ob-' mixing contains the ingredients ina more particles of the explosive obtained are made t-ralized with ammonia, the calcium. pre i. cipitated with ammonium sulfate, and the" calcium sulfate filtered off; or again the 'as dsitinguished from a dry, mixing. An

. geously liquid, or when can be further treated to give to it the deto the wet process of the present invention can be eiiected in various ways. It is usually suiiicient merely to dissolve the oxidizing agent in the liquor, and evaporate to dryness. Such evaporation is advanta effected with stirring to promote homogeneity. Again the solution can be run in theform of a thin stream on to rollers internally heated-by steam to 100 or above by means oii which practically instantaneous evaporation can be eiiected. The evaporated ribbon like inassis scraped oft the rollers by scrapers, or other appliances. Again such heated rollers can be arranged in a vacuum chamber and the evaporation or drying effected at a correspondingly lower temperature. In the case of the ammonium nitrate explosives the temperatureshould be kept below that at which the am: -monium compounds, are decomposed or volatilized. The evaporation of the waste sulfite liquors tends to make the wood fiber constituents contained in them lesssoluble, so that the final products are insoluble or relatively much use soluble than before evaporation. The explosive, after removal of the compounded in a dry state,

sired shape or consistency, and it can be used as an exploslv either alone or cornblncd with other e 'ploslve ingredients, or

with modifying ingredients or diluents' Small amounts of such materials as vascline, 35,

wax, etc. can be'mixed withthe explosive, or film-torming solutions can be used to intermix or coat the particles of the explosive. V

k The explosives obtainable from the sulfite waste constituents a d ammonium nitrate as the oxygen carrier 'orm ammonium nitrate explosives with many valuable properties and uses not inherent in the old ammonium nitrate explosives made by mixing ammonium nitrate with such combustible substances as charcoal powder, cornmeal, etc.

Such old explosives are not reliable when detonated wlt-h primers, it being necessary to add thereto highly explosive substances such as trinitrotoluol or nitroglycerin, etc.

The ammonium nitrate'explosives of the r'esentwtion, on the other hand, can be detonated with primers and are very'efiective. Even when diluted by the addition ofappreciable amounts of inert substances they can still be reliably detonated 'and 'possess high explosive power. The addition of up to 30% of such an inert material as sulfate of sodium can be made,

' and reliable andeflicient explosives still obtained.

The present invention, which is of general application, is further illustrated and exemplified by the following specific embodiments of its application.

Example 1: parts of nitrate of ammonium are dissolved in waste sulfite liquors containing 15 parts of dry wood fiber constituents. The liquors are then evaporated to dryness with stirring, or by running the liquid on steam heated rollers heated to 100 or above as already described. The sulfite liquors used may be in their diluted condition, or partially evaporated. Again the sulfite liquors can be evaporated to dryness and the dried material and the oxygen carrier mixed in a mixing machine; or the sulfite waste may be evaporated to a thick but still liquid or pasty consistency and the alkali nitrate incorporated therewith.

Example 2 60 parts of nitrate of ammonia and 30 parts of sulfate of sodium are dissolved in waste sulfite liquors containing 10 parts of wood fiber constituents, and the liquors are evaporated to dryness as allready described.

Instead of the ammonium nitrate of the foregoing examples,sodium or potassium nitrate, or other oxidizing agent or agents can be used, such as potassium perchlorate, etc.

Sulfite waste liquors made from other cellulosic material than wood can'be used in a similar manner. 1

Variations and modifications can be made in the processes and roducts above described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such variations and modifications are embraced within the invention as set forth in the accompanying claims.

The term non-cellulosic wood fiber constituents is used in the present specification and claims to indicate those ingredients of wood and similar. cellulosic material from which the paper stock or cellulose has been entirely or substantially, removed by such processes as those employed in paper making, the cellulose itself constituting the pulp or paper stock. The term sulfite Waste constituents is similarly used, but with a. more specific'meaning, to indicate those ingredients of wood and similar material which are found in solution in the waste sulfite liquors resulting from the sulfite process 0]": pulp treatment, and from which the pulp or. cellulosic material itself has been separated.

I claim:

1. The process of producing an explosive which comprises mtcrmixing an oxidizing agent with sulfite waste liquors, and evapo producing an inierinixing ammoni n'asie constituenis in in.

and evaporating ii liqui i, e

comprising an oxidizing d 5. An efizpiosiva iosic wood fiber COIXStihP 11;; an oxidizing wants f ceniprising an oxidizing v-xnsie coustitunts in which 1 parizicies incmcie nitrate and sniiite Waste constituents.

10. An expiasive comprising ammonium nitrate and suifite "waste constituents, in which explosive the individual particles include both ingredients.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two SUi)C1'ii)i1lg witnesses. v

FRITZ RASCH G; Witnesses:

RICHARD Rncnnn, Jonnrmns DEUSGHEL.