UA82312C2 - Construction for keeping highly productive cows, heifers and young cattle animals - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction for keeping highly productive cows, heifers and young cattle animals indoor and loose on a deep straw litter is a split-type construction of a light–hangar type with a tent cover, which consists of two premises, connected by a milking unit, one of the premises is divided into areas and sections for 50 cows and heifers and includes a rest area, a feeding area with the back fixation close to a feeding table and a enclosing grate, and the second premise for young cattle animals is divided into an area with individual sectional wire cages, in which calves are kept from birth thereof to the 2-month age, a calving area of cows and an area for newly calved cows which are disposed close to an area for growing the young cattle animals.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention belongs to animal husbandry, more precisely to building structures for keeping dairy cattle on 2 small farms.

It is known that the cows of the main milking herd, of the dry period, heifers and repair young animals are kept untethered on a deep, long-lasting straw litter, with daily introduction of litter straw into the rest area from the roof storage above the premises, with year-round feeding on walking and feeding grounds with free access of animals to feeders and milking of cows in a separate milking hall on 70 "Yalynka" type milking units, with removal of manure from recreation areas 1-2 times a year by a tractor with a bulldozer attachment and keeping young animals of the milking period in individual cages, and then in group machines with manual manure removal.

IDO1KT/0O KO Mo2045171 C1 dated 10.10.95. Bul. Mo28; 505 ФО1К1/00 Mo16931 dated 08/29/97. Bul. Mo4; 5

АО1К67/02 Мо1821113 А1 dated 06.15.93. Bul. 22; 5 АО1К67/02 Мо1754034 А1 dated 15.08.92 Byul. Mo20; BU AO1K1/00 72 Mo1604283 A1 dated 07.11.90. Bul. Mo41; 5 DOTK1/00 Mo1561915 A dated 05.07.90. Bul. Mo17; 5) dО1Кб7/02. AO1U/00

Mo1727758 A and 04/23/92. Bul. Mo15; KO AO1Kb67/02 Mo2007075 С 1.15.02.94. Bul. Moz; AOT1K1/00 5 Mo1757545 A1 dated 08/30/92. Bul. MoZ321.

Such constructions for untethered keeping of dairy cattle have significant advantages over tethered keeping, but at the same time they have certain disadvantages, namely: they do not ensure the comfort of keeping due to significant manifestations of "fodder antagonism" with free, untethered access of animals to feeders on walking and feeding grounds; in the winter period, animals spend a certain share of feed energy not on products, but on heating feed in the gastrointestinal tract when consuming it from open feeders on walking and feeding grounds, and also suffer from wind, drafts and sub-zero temperatures, especially when leaving a separate located milking parlor with wet udder after milking; when rearing 22 repair young animals, adaptation to large-group unattached housing inherent in this technology of milk production begins with a delay, which causes animal stress due to violation of the housing stereotype; constructive and construction solutions of premises for keeping animals do not provide an optimal natural light regime in accordance with the needs of animals, especially in the winter-stall period, and as a result - these shortcomings stimulate a more complete realization of the productive and reproductive capabilities of dairy cattle. "-

Closest to the proposed method is the method of keeping highly productive cows and heifers in the service period, which includes regular milking of highly productive cows and heifers in the service period, and Me, heifers begin to be milked immediately after the appearance of colostrum in them. At the same time, cows and heifers are fed with all types of fodder at full rates, without restriction of drinking water, with accommodation for calving directly in the cowshed. (ZO АО1Кб7/02 Мо1821113 А dated 15.06.93. Bul. Мо221. со

The purpose of the invention is to create building structures for untethered keeping of high-yielding cows, heifers and young dairy cattle to increase their productivity with minimal expenditure of feed, labor and energy resources. "

The set goal is achieved by the fact that the herd of highly productive cows and repair young animals is housed in two parallel constructions, connected to each other by a milking block with production services, which provide comfortable conditions for rest, feeding, milking, dung removal and machine milking of cows and keeping young animals in untethered keeping on deep straw bedding. Keeping dairy cows and young cattle is carried out in the first part of the modular hangar-type building structure made of lightweight structures, 49 with an awning cover and side walls with curtains that rise for contact with the outside environment in warm periods of the year with animals of all technological groups, taking into account the stage lactation, physiological state and age, with the provision of the possibility of accepting calves from cows and heifers in a separate section, rearing calves in the preventive period in individual collapsible circular wire cages from birth to 2 months of age, and then heifers to 2nd and 12 - one-month-old heifers in small machines and heifers over 12-20 months old - in group sections; the room for high-yielding cows and heifers is designed for their untethered, non-walking keeping on a deep straw litter, along the longitudinal side walls

I" equipped with two rest areas and next to them with a hard surface, feeding areas, equipped with a border with a limiting grid made of metal pipes and distributors with rear fixation devices, between the feeding areas there is a feed table with a border enclosing on both sides for keeping animals at 29 physiological condition The area of the room is divided into four sections with removable elements of the fence and

Gee! group automatic feeders and in the central part are equipped with transverse livestock roads to ensure the movement of cows from each section to milking and heifers for getting used to the milking unit, in the end part are equipped with ventilation hatches and curtain-type gates for driving in and distributing fodder to the feed table with a mobile fodder-mixer , as well as for driving a bulldozer and removing manure from the recreation area in 60 manure storage, which has the appearance of a concrete sunken platform; the second part of the building structure is used for keeping breeding young animals and is intended for untethered, non-walking keeping of calves from birth to 24 months of age and cows and heifers during calving and the milking period and is structurally built similar to a room for cows, i.e. with a feed table in the middle the room is divided into two rows of stalls, each of which has a rest area on a deep straw bed and a feeding area with feed grates. Calves from birth to 2 months of age are kept in individual circular wire cages, which are installed in separate stalls, heifers from 2- to 12-month-olds are kept in small group stalls, and from 12 to 18 months old - in group stalls on a deep straw litter, separately allocated sections for calving cows and heifers, for deep-bodied

Cows and heifers and for newly-calved cows in the milking period, then two machines are equipped with group automatic feeders with a ball valve, in the central part of the room, transverse driving roads are equipped to ensure the movement of newly-calved animals to milking and through technological zones, ventilation hatches and gates are equipped in the end part of the building structure curtain type for mobile distribution of fodder on the fodder table and for removal of manure from the recreation area to the manure storage; both construction structures 7/0 for keeping cattle in the middle part are connected by a two-story milking block with a milking plant of the "Parallel" type, a dairy, an artificial insemination point, veterinary, engineering, service and sanitary premises.

Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a building structure for keeping cows of the main herd and raising young animals and a longitudinal section of a milking block with service premises, and Fig. 2 shows a plan of the building structure.

The general scheme of the building structure provides for the keeping of 50 highly productive cows in an arched-type room 1 with an awning light-permeable roof and side walls made of movable curtains 5, closed in the cold season, which prevents the occurrence of drafts, which in the warm season of the year can be folded into roll and this ensures sufficient air exchange of fresh air and natural lighting,

The end parts have regulating ventilation hatches 2, curtain-type gates for manure removal C and feed distribution 4, rest areas 6 are equipped along the side walls on a deep straw litter 12, the bottom layer of which is formed from straw bales 11, and later the litter straw is introduced into the rest area in a chopped form from the feed table with a litter dispenser, near it are equipped feeding zones 7, which have a floor level above the rest area, stall dividers with rear fixation devices 8 and limiting grids 9 with curbs 10, which form the feed table on two sides , which contributes to a significant reduction of the negative effect of "feed antagonism" during feed consumption and the use of nutrients and (8) energy mainly on productivity, especially in the cold period of the year, in the sections and machines there are group automatic feeders 21 with a ball valve, in the central transverse part the premises are equipped with a system of cattle drives 13 with connected fencing elements sections 20 and gates 22 to connect the premises with the milking block 14, in which cows are milked on an automated installation 15 of the "Parallel" type and equipped with platforms in front of the milking room 24 and after the milking room 23, sectional gates "Tahigop" and i "AtsiozeIesi" 25, colostrum cooling tank 26, heat exchanger 27 with milk cooling tank 28, milk quality control laboratory 29, storage warehouse for detergents and disinfectants 30, colostrum freezer 31, corridor 32 with a stair room 33 for transition to the second floor, where the computer room Z5, viewing platform 18 and service and household rooms 36-38 are located, separately near the milking and milking block there is a liquid collector 34, in room 39 for keeping young cattle, section 40 is allocated for deep-bodied cows and heifers with days for calving, section 41 for keeping calves up to 2 months of age in individual collapsible circular metal cages, section 42 for ovulated cows of the milking period; group looms 43 for heifers from 2 to 6 month old, "group looms 46 for heifers from 6 to 12 months old, group looms 47 for heifers from 12 to 18 and looms with c 48 for heifers over 18 months old, all sections for cows and group machines for heifers have a resting area on deep straw bedding, a feeding area through a feed grate 44 near a feed table 45 and from an auto-feeder 21 with a ball valve.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a structure for keeping high-yielding cows, heifers and young cattle freely and untied on a deep straw litter, which is a prefabricated light-hangar-type structure with a 5p Awning covering, which consists of two rooms, connected by a milking unit, moreover, one of the rooms is divided into zones and sections for 50 cows and heifers and includes a rest area, a feeding area with rear fixation near the feed table and a limiting grid, and the second room for young cattle divided into an area with individual collapsible wire cages, in which calves are kept from birth to 2 months of age, a cow calving area and an area for new-calf cows, which are located next to the area for growing young cattle. F) ko 60 b5