UA56088C2 - Mobile pulse feeder - Google Patents

Abstract

A mobile pulse feeder is arranged as a housing with an inlet and an outlet channels, in a reboring of this one are placed with formation of a dozing chamber a spring-supported piston and a dispenser unit, this is arranged as a saddle with axial channel going to the dosing chamber, this forms a circular cavity with the reboring of the housing, it is connected to the outlet channel in which there is placed the back valve, and springy ring with a support washer. In the axial reboring of the saddle to the end of the dosing cavity a movable stopper is installed, behind it there is placed a spring and this is followed by a two-step piston with tightening ring. At that, at the side of the smaller stage of the two-step piston in the dosing cavity radial receiving-back-outlet channels are placed, and in the reboring of the housing there are placed additional channels connected with the circular cavity, at that the dosing cavity is separated with the end surface of two-step piston into two chambers û the dosing, of the under-piston one, and the over-piston one. At the other side of the cavity of the reboring of the housing there is installed a plug with tightening ring, this is connected to the supply channel, at its end there is placed a spring-sup[ported movable block of dispenser unit arranged as a washer-saddle with springy ring, and spring-supported valve with tightening ring. On the outer cylindrical surface of the washer-saddle is arranged a reboring with possibility to interact with an eccentric fixed in the housing of the feeder, at its close the input channel is connected to the output channel. The use of the invention makes it possible to enlarge the functional abilities of the feeder, to simplify the structure and to increase durability of the dispenser unit

Description

The invention belongs to the designs of impulse feeders for lubrication of three-way connections in the friction nodes of gear gears, including open gear drives of mills of mining and processing plants and alumina plants, woodworking plants; bearing supports, including multi-row rolling bearings for supporting and working rolls of rolling cages of cold and hot rolling mills at metallurgical plants; high-speed rolling bearings at a speed parameter (ahm up to 1,500,000 mm rpm) in the transport, textile, metalworking industries, mechanical engineering and other engineering industries where there is dust, pollution, high moisture content and other harmful components under extreme loads and elevated operational or environmental temperatures.

In the catalog "Lubricating Equipment of the Russian Federation for Machine Building", Moscow, 1979, p. 116, there are impulse lubrication feeders manufactured by the Mykolaiv Lubricating Systems Plant under the license of "Sopel" (France). These feeders are made single-tap and multi-tap up to five taps in one housing and with a supply to one tap of 0.01; 0.02; 0.05; 0.1; 02; 0.932; 0.5; 0.8 and 1.25 cm3/cycle. These feeders work on pure mineral lubricants with a kinematic viscosity of 10-600cSt at an ambient temperature of 1-457C and an oil temperature from 5"C to 50"C. The maximum pressure at the inlet is 3.2MPa and at the outlet is 1.6MPa (16kg/cm3).

The impulse feeder consists of a valve body with a cuff, a sleeve ring, a spring and a fitting of sealing and regulating rings, depending on the amount of supply.

The valve, ring and sleeve form a moving system. Applying a pressure pulse to the input of the pulse feeder causes the moving system to move, which compresses the return spring. At the same time, the lubricant from the dosing volume of the feeder is supplied to the lubrication point. When the pressure pulse at the input of the feeder is removed, its moving system returns to its initial position under the influence of a spring. A dose of lubricant enters the cavity above the piston. Then the cycle repeats.

The disadvantage of such an impulse feeder is the low pressure at the inlet and outlet of the feeder, which makes it impossible to use high-viscosity lubricants or plastic lubricant in the cold season.

The disadvantage of such a feeder is also the lack of smooth adjustment of the dose of lubricant that reaches the lubrication point.

The dosing device from the former company (USSR 499459 E16M27/00 dated 05.21.1974) has the same shortcomings.

A well-known dosing device from JSC of the former USSR | Mob 640087 E16M27/00 bull. Me48 dated 30.12.1978), which contains a body with a 2-stage boring and an inlet channel on the side of the smaller diameter boring, a spring-loaded piston with a central hole and a plunger with a cuff valve, placed in the borings of larger and smaller diameters and a cover with an outlet channel, and with in order to improve operational qualities by increasing throughput, the cover has a spring-loaded rod. At the same time, the rod is installed inside the piston spring with the possibility of its compression and contact with the plunger during movement.

Such a feeder has the following disadvantages: low pressure at the inlet and outlet of the feeder, which makes it impossible to use high-viscosity lubricants and plastic lubrication in the cold season at an ambient temperature of 0"C and below, lack of smooth adjustment of the lubricant dose, which enters the lubrication point.

As a drawback, we also note the need to press the rod with your hand for free passage of lubricant, especially for block feeders with 3-5 leads. And also for the pressure increased several times compared to the existing one from 1.6MPa at the outlet to 6.0-10.0MPa.

In the book "Automatic Lubrication Systems and Devices" (Semenov V.Ya. and others, Moscow, "Mashinostroenie", 1982| on p. 70-71 it is stated that "..impulse feeders are made according to two principle schemes: 1. With the issuing of the dose at the time of application of the pressure pulse to the input (Fig. 58, a, position | and by reloading due to the force of the pre-deformed elastic element, Fig. 58, a, position 1). 2. With the delivery of the dose due to the force of the pre-deformation of the elastic element ( Fig. 58, b, position | and recharging when a pressure pulse is applied to the input, Fig. 58,6, position I)".

The indicated impulse feeders of the company "Sopelem" (France), according to (a/s 640087 and a/s 499459|) are made according to the first principle scheme with dispensing a dose at the moment of applying a pressure pulse to the inlet of the feeder and recharging the impulse feeder due to the force of a pre-deformed elastic element .

As a prototype, a pulse feeder was chosen, made according to the second principle scheme and described according to the patent of the former USSR |Me1794224 E16M7/14 dated 02/07/1993, bull. Mo5 "Impulse lubrication system").

The feeder contains a body in which a plunger with a piston forming control and dosing cavities is placed in a stepped bore, and a distribution device made in the form of a saddle, which forms an annular cavity with the bore that connects to the outlet channel, which houses a non-return valve, an elastic ring and a support washer, in the axial hole of which a valve is installed, which is pressed against the elastic ring by a spring, while the cavity under the valve is connected to the control channel.

The movement of the plunger with the piston, which is held in the lower position by a spring, is regulated by the position of the nut and is monitored by the lines on the indicator rod.

The feeder is charged as follows: the dosed material is fed into the inlet channel and the liquid lubricant is fed into the control channel, while the spring is compressed and the elastic ring is pressed against the seat, disconnecting the outlet channel and the dosing cavity. The inlet channel is opened under the action of a pressure pulse and the dosing cavity is filled with lubricant until the piston with the plunger becomes abutment in the nut. Other feeders are charged in a similar way.

After the pump is turned off, the inlet channel is closed with a valve and, together with the washer and the elastic ring, the ring channel is opened and the lubricant is pushed out of the feeder's dosing cavity through the outlet channels to the lubrication point.

The feeder according to the prototype allows you to smoothly adjust the dose of lubricant and has the ability to increase the output pressure, which makes it possible to use more viscous lubricants, but it has disadvantages.

Such a feeder does not allow accelerated supply of lubricant to the lubrication point.

The disadvantage of such a feeder is the low reliability of the moving part of the distribution device and the elastic ring that seals the bore cavity in the feeder housing. And with each new pulse, the pressure in the pressure line decreases and the supply of the feeder decreases. The outer surface of the ring, while moving, rubs and is activated against the surface of the bore, after releasing the pressure in the pressure line, the movable element of the distribution device is lowered down to the stop at the end of the bore, and the outer surface of the elastic ring, moving downward, is activated again. This process is further aggravated by the fact that the boring cavity is hollow, and it is impossible to bring such a surface to high purity, which would make it possible to reduce friction and activation of the surface of the ring.

In addition, the same ring seals the inlet valve with its inner surface, and with its end seals the annular channel between the seat and the bore in the form of a shut-off valve. The O-ring should only work in one direction, not two directions at the same time. In addition to activation during the interaction of the contacting surfaces, activation of the surface of the ring also occurs when it comes into contact with a flow of lubricant that is under pressure.

Thus, the elastic ring is activated on its outer surface, on the inner surface and on the end surfaces, loses its hermetic dimensions and tightness of the seal, decreases as a result of the difficult operating conditions of the elastic ring, the durability of the entire feeder deteriorates, therefore, the design with blind boring should also be included among the disadvantages of the body

The disadvantages of the feeder also include a design with a powerful return spring, the force of which is necessary for dosing the lubricant to the lubrication point, which leads to an increase in the size and weight of the feeder and devices for adjusting its position. All this complicates the construction.

The disadvantages of the feeder include the fact that the pressure pulse is used only for recharging.

The invention is based on the task of reducing the activation and increasing the durability of the distribution device, simplifying the design and expanding the functionality, increasing economic efficiency, and reducing energy and operating costs by means of structural changes in the prototype elements and their connection to each other.

The task is solved thanks to the fact that the impulse feeder is made in the form of a housing with input and output channels, in the bore of which a spring-loaded piston and a distribution device are placed to form a dosing chamber, in one of the extreme positions of which the dosing chamber is connected to the input, and in the other - with an outlet channel, and the distribution device is made in the form of a saddle with an axial channel, which enters the dosing chamber and forms an annular cavity with the bore of the body, which is connected to the outlet channel, in which the non-return valve is located, and an elastic ring with a support a washer that interacts with the seat in one of its extreme positions, and in the axial hole of the support washer, a spring-loaded valve is installed with the possibility of interaction with the elastic ring, the cavity under which is connected to the inlet channel, according to the invention, in the axial boring of the seat at the end of the dosing a movable stop with a sealing ring is installed in the cavity, a spring is located behind it, behind which a a two-stage piston with a sealing ring, and on the smaller side of the two-stage piston in the dosing cavity there are radial intake-return-discharge channels, and in the bore of the body there are additional channels that connect to the annular cavity, and the dosing cavity is delimited by the end surface of the two-stage piston on two chambers: dosing or sub-piston, and super-piston in one of the extreme positions of the moving block of the distribution device, it is connected simultaneously to the inlet and outlet channels, and in the second extreme position, both of its chambers are connected to each other and separated from the inlet and outlet channels, on the other side of the housing bore cavity, a plug with a sealing ring is installed, which is connected to the supply channel, on the end of which a spring-loaded movable block of the distribution device is installed, which is an end shut-off valve and an inlet valve and is made in the form of a saddle washer with a spring ring and spring-loaded valve with seals noval ring, which has the ability to interact with the internal boring of the washer-saddle. A groove is made on the outer cylindrical surface of the washer-saddle, which is able to interact with the eccentric fixed in the body of the feeder, when it is closed, the inlet channel is connected to the outlet channel.

According to the invention, the design of the piston, spring, dosing chamber, additional channels, commutation of lubricant flows, as well as an additional cavity in the dosing cavity - a superpiston one with an intake-return-discharge channel make it possible to ensure the operation of the feeder without a powerful return spring. The strong spring is replaced by a "weak" one, sufficient to move the dose of lubricant from the dosing sub-piston chamber to the super-piston chamber, the annular cavity and the intake-return-discharge channel. At the next pressure pulse, the movable block of the distribution device will close the annular cavity and seal the metering chamber from the pressure line, the inlet channel will open and the lubricant will begin to flow to the metering chamber, moving the piston, compressing the return spring, which is in the sealed cavity, and will begin to open the outlet non-return valve, pushing the lubricant into the lubrication point until the end of the small degree of the two-stage piston rests against the stop of the dosing cavity. Then the delivery of the next dose of lubricant will stop. With the next pressure pulse, a dose of lubricant will be injected into the lubrication point without a powerful return spring, but due to the movement of the piston under the pressure created by the pump in the pressure line.

Due to the absence of a powerful spring, the dimensions and weight of the feeder are reduced, the design is simplified and reliability is increased. The design of the feeder without powerful return springs is a significant difference from known feeders.

Another significant distinguishing feature of the pulse feeder is the increase in durability and reliability of the elastic ring. Thanks to the internal boring of the washer-saddle, the inner surface of the washer-saddle is separated from the flows of lubricant and actuation from the side of the input channel, and the through-boring in the body makes it possible to increase the cleanliness of the treatment of the surface of the boring, which will make it possible to reduce friction and actuation of the outer surface of the elastic ring.

The next distinctive feature of the proposed pulse feeder is that its functionality has been expanded when blocking the dosing chamber. At the same time, the feeder works in the mode of accelerated feeding and filling of output channels. When the block is removed from the dosing chamber (and for this it is enough to turn the eccentric so that the feeder starts working in normal mode), a given amount of lubricant is released with each successive pressure pulse.

The invention is explained by drawing Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, where Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a mobile impulse feeder in the initial position.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the mobile pulse feeder in the upper fixed position of the two-stage piston.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of the mobile pulse feeder in the lower fixed position of the moving block of the distribution device - the mode of accelerated supply of lubricant.

The mobile impulse feeder includes a housing 1 with an input channel 2 and a cavity 3 located in a plug 17 with a sealing ring 19, which is installed on one side of the end of the housing 1 through-boring.

A saddle 8 with a sealing ring 19 is attached to the second end of the housing 1 bore.

The saddle 8 has an axial through bore, in which a stop 16 with a sealing ring 18 is installed.

The outer surface of the saddle 8 with the bore cavity of the body 1 form an annular cavity 23, which is combined with the outlet channel 14, in which the check valve 15 is located. In the inner bore of the saddle 8, there is a dosing cavity with a dosing chamber 9, in which a two-stage piston with a sealing ring 20 is located. and return spring 11.

In the bore hole of the housing 1, on the end of the plug 17, there is a moving part of the distribution device, which consists of a valve 4, a washer-saddle 5, a spring 6 and an elastic ring 7, connected to each other in a moving block.

On the surface of the saddle 8, through radial intake-return-discharge channels 21 are made, which are combined with additional channels 13 located in the bore of the body 1 and are combined with the annular cavity 23.

The cavity between the movable stop, in which the spring 11 is located and the smaller degree of the two-stage piston 10 in the axial bore of the saddle 8, is called the superpiston chamber 22, and the dosing chamber 9 is limited by the stroke of the two-stage piston 10. An eccentric 24 is installed in the housing 1.

A mobile pulse feeder works like this.

When the lubricant is supplied from the centralized lubrication system to the inlet channel 2 of the housing 1 in the cavity C, excess pressure is created, which opens the movable block of the distribution device from the end of the plug 17, consisting of an elastic ring 7, a spring 6, a saddle washer 5, a valve 4 and moves the elastic ring 7 to the end of the saddle 8 to the stop.

As a result of the pressure difference in the cavity C and the dosing chamber 9, the elastic ring 7 closes the annular cavity 23.

When the pressure in the cavity C increases, the valve 4 moves with the two-stage piston 10, compressing the spring 11 up. The valve 4 with the sealing ring 12 detaches from the seat washer 5 and the lubricant from the cavity C begins to enter the dosing chamber 9. The two-stage piston 10 moves up under the pressure of the lubricant; at this time, the lubricant from the superpiston cavity 22 through the intake-return-discharge channels 21, additional channels 13, the annular cavity 23, closed by the elastic ring 7 enters the output channel 14, opens the check valve 15 and is directed to the lubrication point. Thus, the simultaneous process of displacing the lubricant from the feeder and filling the dosing cavity with lubricant will continue until the end of the small degree of the two-stage piston 10 touches the end of the movable stop 16 - this will be the end of the process of supplying lubricant to the lubrication point and the end of the supply of lubricant to the dosing chamber 9.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the mobile pulse feeder when the end of the two-stage piston is in contact with the end of the movable stop.

After stopping the supply of lubricant from the centralized lubrication system to the mobile impulse feeder, the pressure in the inlet channel 2 and cavity C decreases, and under the influence of the spring 6, the valve 4 closes, resting on the washer-seat 5, blocking the passage of lubricant from the dosing chamber 9 to the cavity C with the help of sealing ring 12.

When the pressure in the cavity C is further reduced, the two-stage piston 10 under the action of the spring 11 moves down together with the closed valve 4 and the movable block of the distribution device.

The elastic ring 7 opens the annular cavity 23 and the lubricant from the dosing cavity 9 under the influence of the two-stage piston 10 and the spring 11 through the freed annular cavity 23, additional channels 13 and intake-return-discharge channels 21 enters the superpiston cavity 22. The process continues until the entire dose of lubricant from the dosing chamber 9 will not move to the superpiston cavity 22, while the movable block of the distribution device will take its extreme position on the end of the plug 17.

Thus, a new portion of lubricant is moved and prepared for the next pressure pulse.

The lubrication cycle of the mobile impulse feeder is over.

A movable stop 16 with a sealing ring 18 is provided to adjust the supply volume.

To expand the functionality of the mobile impulse feeder, a mode of accelerated supply of lubricant is provided, which is extremely necessary not only when starting the system into operation, but also during the operation of lubrication systems.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a mobile impulse feeder in the mode of accelerated supply of lubricant, while the eccentric 24 is located in the groove of the washer-saddle 5, that is, the movable block of the distribution device is locked, and when supplying lubricant from the centralized lubrication system in channel 2 and cavity C excess pressure is created, and when the pressure in the cavity C increases, valve 4 opens.

Lubricant fills all cavities and channels, and with further opening the check valve 15 in the output channel 14, and the lubricant enters the lubrication point.

After obtaining the necessary volume to fill the lubrication system, the latch 24 is moved to the position in Fig. 1, the feeder starts working in normal mode.

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Claims (1)

Mobile impulse feeder, made in the form of a case with input and output channels, in the bore of which a spring-loaded piston and a distribution device are placed to form a dosing chamber, in one of the extreme positions of which the dosing chamber is connected to the input channel, and in the other - to the output channel, and the distribution device is made in the form of a saddle with an axial channel that exits into the dosing chamber, which forms an annular cavity with the bore of the body, connected to the output channel, in which the non-return valve is located, and an elastic ring with a support washer, which interacts in one of of its extreme positions with the seat, and in the axial hole of the support washer, a spring-loaded valve is installed with the possibility of interaction with the elastic ring, the cavity under which is connected to the inlet channel, which is distinguished by the fact that in the axial boring of the seat, a movable stop with a sealing is installed in the end of the dosing cavity ring, behind which there is a spring, behind which there is a two-stage piston with a seal shaft ring, and on the smaller side of the two-stage piston in the dosing cavity there are radial intake-return-discharge channels, and in the bore of the body there are additional channels connected to the ring cavity, and the dosing cavity is delimited by the end surface of the two-stage piston into two chambers - the dosing chamber or sub-piston, and super-piston, in one of the extreme positions of the moving block of the distribution device, it is simultaneously connected to the inlet and outlet channels, and in the second, extreme position, both of its chambers are connected to each other and separated from both the inlet and outlet channels , on the other side of the body bore cavity, a plug with a sealing ring is installed, connected to the supply channel, on the end of which there is a spring-loaded moving block of the distribution device, which is an end shut-off valve and an inlet valve and is made in the form of a saddle washer with a spring ring and of a spring-loaded valve with a sealing ring, which has the possibility to interact with the internal boring of the washer-saddle, a groove is placed on the outer cylindrical surface of the washer-saddle, which has the ability to interact with the eccentric fixed in the body of the feeder, when it is locked, the inlet channel connects to the outlet channel.