UA44118A - DEVICE FOR CLIMBING AND ROPING - Google Patents

Abstract

This device for ascending and descending over a rope contains an elastic link with fixing elements used to attach the link to a support, and to a girdle with safety means. The elastic link is constructed as a cable, the element to attach the link to the support is constructed as a chain with clasps, and the girdle with fixing elements is constructed as a ring into which the rope fits loosely. Additionally, the proposed device contains coupling means and a feet support constructed as a frame with a casing, which is hinged to the frame and through which the rope passes, and which contains also cylindrical stops for the rope and openings for a bent pin attached to the frame. The frame is equipped with fixing and feet support straps, as well as with a pair of gloves, with fitting cuffs and clasps, that are coated, on the contact surfaces, with material having high friction coefficient value.

Description

Description of the invention

The intended invention belongs to means of lifting and lowering when working at height and during emergency 2 rescue of people, in particular to devices for descent with the help of rescue ropes, ropes and belts.

A well-known descent device made by . in the form of a drum with a cable and a descent regulator - discs installed in a viscous medium, connected to a braking device /discs/ /see author St. USSR Mo 1560233,

Ab2B 1/00, Bul. May 16, 1990/.

The disadvantage of this device is that it is complex, heavy, and therefore unsuitable for derivative mobile work on trips, such as 70 It is needed by rescuers, although it has many important qualities. In addition, it has no means of attachment to the support and to the body of the rescuer.

A device for emergency descent is known, which has a drum placed in a casing with a safety cable and a means of braking it in the form of brake pads surrounding the drum, connected by rods to the control means and its scale for influencing the braking mechanism / see author St. USSR Mo15663708, Ab2V 1/08, Bul. Mo 18, 1990/, 12 The disadvantage of this device is that it does not have either a means of fixation on the support or a means of fixation on the body of the rescuer. Although one hole on the casing of the device was shown, it is not known how to use it, what it is for. For the same reasons as the previous analogue, this device is not suitable for everyday work at height, although it is of high quality as a descent and belay device.

A known device for descent, which includes a coil with a flexible rod and a handle placed in the body, kinematically linked to the braking mechanism, in which a flywheel placed in a viscous liquid is used. / see author St. USSR Mo 1625493, A62B 1/12, Bul. 5, 1991/,

A known means of fixing a rescue belt on a rescue object, which includes a belt made of a double belt and a clamping device in the form of a buckle that fits the ends of the belt, as well as shoulder straps connected to the belt / see author St. USSR Mo1391660, Ab2V 1/20, Bul. Mo 16, 1998/,

The disadvantage of this tool and its technical support is that it has too many "fixing" elements and it is good for constant work at height, but in stressful conditions, i.e. an emergency situation, when time is short and the rescuer serves himself, this tool and its the device does not meet the needs characteristic of a shortage of time.

The closest in terms of technical significance and consumer demand is a device for belaying and descent when working at height, which contains the main belaying element - in the form of a tape, on one end of which "- a means of suspending it on a support is attached, and on the other end - a means of attachment it to the worker's belt, as well as an additional means - an insurance element - also a tape suspended from a support and attached to the belt / see -- author St. USSR, Mo1294347, Ab2V 1/20, Bul. Mob, 19877. "I

The disadvantage of the prototype is that this device can be used in the case of fixation at a height at various points, but the worker must reach them only by descending from above, from the support. He Z cannot climb up the tape. Therefore, although this device is well suited for fixing the worker, it is impossible to raise the worker with its help, and this limits the quality of the device for use in emergency situations in general and even for lowering people, because it has many different elements that need to be mastered it takes a lot of time. For the same reason, it cannot be used at fire stations in buildings where Z 70 fire equipment is stored and which could be used in case of fires or other emergency situations. c The invention is based on the task, taking into account the positive and negative aspects of the device for belaying and descent when working at height, i.e. a prototype, to create such a technical tool that could be used in emergency situations, i.e. in conditions of stress and shortage of rescue time the descent of people, during their self-service, which is strictly a problem in large cities due to the high probability of 42 fires and other misfortunes. At the same time, it would be important that this device would also be useful for climbing to a height where there may be a need for active, qualified rescuer assistance. Where it is supposed to be achieved with the help of development for the use of special means of fixation, on a flexible traction with the possibility of using them not only for the descent of people, but also for climbing, for climbing to a height. - This task is achieved by the fact that in the device for climbing and descending the rope, which has a flexible pull with - 20 a means of fixing it on a support and a means of attaching it to the belt with safety elements, according to the intended invention, the flexible pull is made in the form of a rope, and the means of fixing it on the support - in the form of a chain with a carabiner, while the belt with elements of fixation, the means of attachment to the rope is made in the form of a ring through which this rope is freely passed, while additionally included is a means of engagement and foot support in the form of a frame on which the hinged is installed with the possibility of limited movement of the embrace, through which the rope is passed and which has 29 for it and for the fixed on the frame, bent far slot and limiting cylindrical supports for the rope, and in the frame is provided with locking straps and foot cords, and the means of grasping the hands in the form of a pair of gloves, which have locking cuffs with tapes and end velcro, and are covered on the contact surfaces with the rope with a material with a high coefficient of friction.

The technical and consumer result achieved due to the use of all the distinguishing features of the proposed 60 device is that due to the addition of the device with means of engagement and support with legs and hands and some changes of other means, it is possible to significantly expand the functions of the device - it will make it capable of performing not only descents rope down, and climbing up, that is, the rescuer climbing it without assistance, but at the expense of his motor skills, which the rescuer must definitely possess.

The essence of what is proposed is explained by the drawing, where in fig. 1 shows the device as a whole and the means of its implementation - rope climbing; in fig. 2 - the same, when descending the rope; in fig. C - a set of devices for lifting and lowering; in fig. 4 - actions of the rescuer when using the device for climbing the rope - the first action; in fig. 5 - the same, the second action; in fig. 6 - the same; the third act; in fig. 7 - the same, the fourth action, or the beginning of the next operation; in fig. b - a means of engagement and foot support in action - when the foot is bent forward, schematically, enlarged; in fig. 9 - the same, in the absence of a slope; in fig. 10 - the same, when leaning back; in fig. 11 - means of engagement and support in axonometry, enlarged, schematic; in fig. 12 - gripping glove; in fig. 13 - the same, side view of the thumb; on fig, 14 - the same, view from the opposite side.

Specifically, the device for climbing and descending the rope includes the following elements in its kit: rope 1, 70 a means of fixing it on a support 2, a means of engagement and foot support 3, a means of grasping with hands /gloves/ 4, a lumbar belt 5 /see fig. 1, 2, Z/.

Rope 1 is made according to the technology and material used in mountaineering. At the end of the rope, a means of fixing it on the support is fixed, for example, a chain 6 with a carabiner 7. The means of engagement and support with the legs Z is made in the form of a frame 8, on the front part of which - on its axis, a gripping clamp 9 is hinged with the possibility of tilting back, and a rigid - limiter 10 and crooked toe 11, as well as fixing straps 12 feet and fixing cords 13.

Bracket 9 had oppositely located windows /cutouts/: rear 14 and front 15, and in the rear window - two protruding cylindrical supports for the rope /with beds for the rope/: upper 16 and lower 17. Means of grasping hands in the form of a pair of gloves 4 made of of strong non-slippery, air-permeable material with pads 18 attached to the gripping surfaces of the gloves made of material that had a high coefficient of friction, but was soft, flexible and

strong Gloves are stitched to fit each finger separately /not shown/. The cuffs 19 of the gloves have fixing bands 20 with Velcro 21 at the ends. The lumbar belt 5 has a strap 22, on which a ring 23 is rigidly attached for the free passage of the rope.

They use a device for climbing on high objects and for descent from them, which is necessary when rescuing people from gorges or from high-rise buildings.

When releasing on the rope 1, it must be well fixed. For this purpose, it is possible to use the chain 6 with the carabiner 7, which can be attached to some firmly fixed objects. The second end of the rope is lowered down. "

Before climbing up the rope, it is necessary to put on the ring 23 of the buckle 22 of the belt 5, put it on the lumbar part of the body and securely fasten it with the buckle 22. After that, put on the legs a means of engagement and support with the legs З, also put it on in advance the rope from the bottom, passing its end through the so from the embrace 9 from top to bottom. / see fig. 11/. For convenience, the frame 8 is placed on the ground and stepped on it, sticking the toes of the feet into the loops of the belts 12 and covering the legs with cords 13 as shown in fig. 8 - 11, and tying them with a knot in front. Put on gloves. Now you can climb. This process is performed in three steps. "-

The first action is to grab the rope 1 with your hands as high as possible, rising on your toes / fig. 4/. The second action is to bend the body and raise the legs bent at the knees as high as possible /fig. 5/. The third action - resting your feet on frame 7 and straightening your legs, stand up with the help of your hands, which at the same time bend at the elbow joints /fig. "E 6/. Where is one "step" in hand climbing. Further, all actions are performed in the same order, starting from the position of fig. 7 / compare with fig. 4/. At the top, lying on your stomach, remove the gloves 4 and belt 5. Then sit on the support and free your legs from the frame 7, untying the knots of the cords 13. Remove the frame after lifting the rope, or lower it down the rope along with the belt and gloves for other saviors. In this way, climbing /climbing/ on "

rope It is possible to perform the actions in two steps: "once" pull yourself up on your hands and raise your bent legs, and on the "two" step, standing up on your feet, grab the rope as high as possible in a row. It's faster, but harder.

Descent is carried out thanks to the same elements of the device set Fasten rope 1 with chain 6 and ;" carabiner 7, put the frame 7 on his legs, securing them with belts 12 and cords 13, belt 5 and gloves 4 and climb out the window with his back forward, without looking down, let the rope down and holding himself with his hands, transfer the weight of his body to his legs on the rope - through frame 7, for which the straight legs disappear in their ankle-foot joints with the toes up as much as possible /see fig. 6, 10/. Then, holding on to bent or straight arms, gradually loosening the grip with the hands and spreading the feet, descend downwards. The speed of descent is regulated in two ways: by squeezing the rope with the hands and by extending or bending the feet. When accelerating, you need to loosen the grip with your hands, and unbend your feet. When slowing down or stopping, do the opposite - lower the rope and bend your feet.

All actions use the force of friction. The larger it is, the slower the speed of descent or ascent - or the more reliable the grip of the rope and vice versa. Controlling the friction with your hands means squeezing the rope or loosening the grip with your hands. It is also possible to bend the rope. If one hand is turned in the direction of the time arrow, and the other against it, then the rope in the space between the two hands will bend and this will significantly increase the friction, the descent will stop, and if it is released and it will take a straight position, then the braking will remain. This is shown when braking with your feet in see fig. 8, 9, 10/. In fig. 8 the embrace 9 is located along the rope 1 and this removes the friction and braking applied in fig. 2, 4, 5, 7. If it is slanted relative to the axis of the rope, then this will increase both friction and

P braking / see fig. 6, 10/. We will have the highest braking until the stop when the rope bends twice in different directions. This is shown in fig. 9 / implemented in fig. 6/ where the curved finger 11, turning together with the frame 7, passes through the window 14 and drowns the rope 1 between the upper 16 and lower 17 supports. The rope bends 6o twice and this reliably inhibits the movement of the carriage along it, especially if the supports 16, 17 are located at an optimal distance from each other, based on the thickness of the rope. And even more braking is shown in fig. 10, where two more bends are added to this double bending of the rope - above and below the embrace 9.

The rescuer's insurance is ensured by the fact that his legs are fixed on the frame 7 and his body is fastened with a belt 5. If he faints on the rope, he will stop during the descent, the frame 7 will brake, because the body has relaxed, the legs 65 will bend, he will sit down and therefore the rope will be pinched as shown in fig. 10. If the rescuer gets tired while lifting, he can sit down and carry away. In this case, there will also be invalid braking according to the type of fig. 10. In both cases, it is possible to remove the rescuer from the rope from the ground. On this day, you have to twitch and pull the rope down with effort. Where he will open the hug 9, direct it along the rope and the rescuer will move along it, at the same time, if the speed of his movement will be high, the lower end of the rope should be melted to the side and hold it firmly so that the rescuer does not drown in the ground.

In this way, the device can be used to climb the rope, descend and perform some work, fixing yourself on the rope at different heights. It can also be used for self-rescue in emergency situations.

The proposed device has a technical and consumer advantage over the prototype in that it not only 70 ensures the performance of all kinds of work at height in the conditions of fixation after the worker descends from the height, but also can be used for climbing without outside help to this height and descending from it if available required insurance.

We hope that this device will be widely used by firefighters and rescuers, that is, by those professionals who work in conditions where it is necessary to overcome height. It can also be useful for any citizen who /5 gets into an emergency situation and has to save himself by descending from a height.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a device for climbing and descending a rope, which has a flexible pull with a means of fixing it on a support and a means of attaching it to a belt with safety elements, which differs in that the flexible pull is made in the form of a rope, and the means of fixing it on the support is in the form of a chain with carabiners, a belt with elements for fixing the means of attachment to the rope is made in the form of a ring, through which the rope is freely passed, while additionally included is a means of engagement and support for the legs in the form of a frame, on which a hug is hinged, through which the rope is passed and which has slots for it and for the bent finger fixed on the frame and cylindrical supports limiting the rope, and the frame is provided with fixing straps and cords for the feet, and a means of grasping "hands in the form of a pair of gloves, which have fixing cuffs with tapes and end fasteners with "velcro" ", and which are covered on the contact surfaces with the rope with a material with a high coefficient of friction. (ee) "- "- " " - and? sh» sh» - - 70 IR e) 60 b5