TWM600007U - Multi-axial power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-axial electrical energy supply system, which is composed of multiple independent and complete electrical energy supply units. The electrolyte system of each electrical energy supply unit does not communicate with each other. There is only charge transfer between adjacent electrical energy supply units without electrochemistry. Therefore, the high voltage generated by the interconnection will not affect the single power supply unit and cause its electrolyte system to crack, and cooperate with the direct contact of the collector layer and the connection of the patterned metal circuit layer to form the X axis and Y The combination of the series-parallel hybrid of the axis and the Z axis direction is effectively applied to various occasions.

Description

Multi-axial power supply system

This new model relates to an electric energy supply system, especially a combination of multiple electric energy supply units that can be combined in series and parallel in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions at the same time to increase the electric energy used in the 3D axis. Supply system.

In recent years, as air pollution and global warming have intensified, electric vehicles have been given high expectations to replace existing fossil fuel vehicles in order to reduce the environmental impact of carbon dioxide and other gases. At present, the main bottleneck of electric vehicles is still the battery module. Generally, the battery module is composed of a plurality of battery cells in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel, so that the battery module has Sufficient voltage and capacity to supply power.

At present, the most common method is to use multiple battery cells in parallel with each other, then encapsulate the battery cell with a shell, and then connect the battery cell in series externally by the conductive handle extending from the shell to achieve a sufficient voltage , To form a battery module for vehicles. Another method is to use a single shell to cover multiple battery cells, and then fill the shell with a common electrolyte and encapsulate it. In other words, it uses an internal series connection method to increase the battery cell voltage, and then the external Several battery cells are connected in parallel to achieve sufficient capacity to form a battery module for vehicles; however, because most of the existing electrolytes can only withstand a voltage of about 5V, the voltage is increased by connecting multiple battery cells in series, plus internal Due to structural problems, the electric field distribution is bound to be uneven. If the pressure exceeds the tolerance of the electrolyte, it will cause the electrolyte to crack and cause the battery module to fail, and the more serious may cause the battery to explode. Therefore, there is no such product on the market.

Regardless of the above method, it is limited by the structure of the battery cell and its internal battery cells. If the battery cell is connected in parallel, it must be connected in series externally to increase the voltage of the overall battery module, while the battery cell is connected in series. In this way, it has to be connected in parallel externally to increase the capacity of the overall battery module. Whether the external connection is connected by wire bonding, metal handle or metal rod, it will increase the resistance value and reduce the performance of the overall battery module, which also reduces its reliability and safety; and it also requires external connections , Will inevitably occupy part of the battery module volume, and will reduce the unit capacity density. Furthermore, the aforementioned external connection methods are quite complicated, which will also increase the manufacturing cost and decrease the reliability of the overall battery module.

In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-axial power supply system, which can solve the above-mentioned deficiency of the conventional technology. It can be composed in a simple way by using multiple power supply units, and the structure has both X-axis, The power supply system extending in the three directions of Y-axis and Z-axis can greatly increase the unit capacity density.

Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-axial electric energy supply system, through which the electric energy supply unit is connected in a triaxial way in a simple manner to form the required series, parallel or series-parallel hybrid The configuration greatly reduces the manufacturing cost and the difficulty of connection, improves the process yield and reduces the internal resistance of the power supply system.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a multi-axial electric energy supply system, which is composed of a plurality of electric energy supply units, and is connected in three directions of X axis, Y axis and Z axis. To form a 3D axially extended system of series, parallel or series-parallel hybrid connection, each power supply unit includes an isolation layer, two active material layers, two collector layers, an electrolyte system and an encapsulation layer; two active materials The layers are respectively arranged on both sides of the isolation layer, and the two current collector layers are respectively arranged on the outer side of the active material layer, and then the electrolyte system is impregnated in the active material layers, and the encapsulation layer is arranged on the periphery of the two current collector layers. Adhere to the collector layer and encapsulate the electrolyte system and the active material layer between the two collector layers. In other words, each power supply unit is independent of each other as a complete module, and the electrolyte systems do not circulate each other and adjacent power Only charge transfer is performed between the supply units, and no electrochemical reaction is performed, so it is not limited by the maximum allowable voltage of the electrolyte system to be connected in series and parallel at the same time.

The connection is formed by direct contact of the adjacent power supply units with the collector layer to form the Z-axis connection, and the patterned metal circuit layer is used to form the X-axis and Y-axis direction connections to form a 3D axial extension of series, parallel or mixed series and parallel The connection can not only effectively use the space for configuration, but also greatly reduce the complexity and manufacturing cost of the connection mechanism of the power supply system. It can also reduce the internal resistance of the power supply system and increase the unit capacity density of the overall power supply system.

The following detailed descriptions are given by specific embodiments, and it will be easier to understand the purpose, technical content, characteristics and effects of the present invention.

10: Power supply unit

11: isolation layer

12: Active material layer

13: Active material layer

14: Collector layer

15: Collector layer

50: Outer package

60: Electricity Supply System

70: Patterned metal circuit layer

81: Positive conductive output terminal

82: Negative conductive output terminal

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the power supply unit of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new type.

Figures 2A-2D are schematic diagrams of an embodiment in which the power supply unit is connected in the X-axis direction of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new type.

Figures 3A-3D are schematic diagrams of an embodiment in which the power supply unit is connected in the Y-axis direction of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new type.

Figures 4A-4D are schematic diagrams of an embodiment in which the power supply unit is connected in the Z-axis direction of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new invention.

Figures 5A-5D are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiments of the new type.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new type.

The multi-axial electric energy supply system disclosed in the present invention is composed of a plurality of electric energy supply units, which are connected in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions to form a series, parallel, or mixed series and parallel 3D axis Extension connection. The power supply unit of each power supply unit group is an independent and complete power supply module, and the power supply unit does not share the electrolyte system. The following describes the part of the power supply unit with the diagram.

First, please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the power supply unit of the multi-axial power supply system provided by the embodiment of the new invention. The power supply unit 10 includes an isolation layer 11, two active material layers 12, 13, two collector layers 14, 15, an electrolyte system and an encapsulation layer 16. The material of the isolation layer 11 can be selected from polymer materials, ceramic materials or The glass fiber material has micro-holes for ions to pass through. The micro-holes can be through holes or antholes (non-straight through), or even direct use of porous materials. Ceramic When the material is selected as an insulating material, it can be micron and nanometer titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), etc., or alkylated ceramics The particles are formed. The ceramic material can also be selected from oxide solid electrolytes, such as lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (Li7La3Zr2O12; LLZO) or lithium titanium aluminum phosphate (LATP). In addition, the ceramic material may also be a mixture of the above-mentioned insulating ceramic material and an oxide solid electrolyte. The aforementioned isolation layer may further include a polymer adhesive, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene (PVDF-HFP), polytetrafluoroethylene (polytetrafluoroethene; PTFE) , Acrylic Acid Glue, Epoxy, Polyethylene Oxide (PEO), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or Polyimide (PI), etc.

The electrolyte system is impregnated in the active material layers 12, 13, which can be liquid, colloidal, solid electrolyte, or a mixed electrolyte of any combination thereof. The active material of the active material layers 12, 13 can convert chemical energy into Electric energy is used (power supply) or converted into chemical energy and stored in the system (charging), while the conduction and migration of ions can be achieved at the same time, and the generated electrons can be directly exported from the collector layers 14 and 15. The materials of the current collector layers 14 and 15 are usually copper and aluminum, and of course other metals or metal alloys such as nickel, tin, silver, and gold.

The material of the encapsulation layer 16 can be epoxy resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, thermoplastic polyimide, silicone resin, acrylic resin or ultraviolet curable glue, which is arranged on the periphery of the two collector layers 14, 15 , Used to adhere the two current collection layers 14, 15 and encapsulate the electrolyte system between the two current collection layers 14, 15 without leakage and communicate with the electrolyte system of other power supply units 10. Therefore, the power supply unit 10 It is an independent and complete power supply module formed by directly using the collector layers 14, 15 and the packaging layer 16 as the packaging structure.

Continuing, the aforementioned power supply unit 10 can be simply connected in three directions, such as X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, to form a series, parallel, or series-parallel hybrid connection power supply system 60, as follows First, let’s talk about the basic way of connecting and extending each axis Bright.

First, referring to Figure 2A, the power supply unit 10 can be connected in series in the X-axis direction by the patterned metal circuit layer 70, or the patterned metal circuit layer 70 can be connected in the same polarity direction to form a parallel connection (see 2B Figure), or two sets of power supply units 10 connected in series in the X-axis direction as shown in Figure 2A, and then connected in parallel in the X-axis direction (see Figure 2C), or two sets as shown in Figure 2B The power supply units 10 connected in parallel in the X-axis direction are connected in series in the X-axis direction (see Figure 2D) to form a series-parallel hybrid connection. In other words, with regard to the content of these implementation aspects, the patterned metal circuit layer 70 is used as an internal electrical connection line to form electrical connections between the power supply units 10; for example, as any two Z-axis Electrical connection between stacked power supply groups.

Please refer to Fig. 3A for the connection. The power supply unit 10 can be connected in series in the Y-axis direction by the patterned metal circuit layer 70, or connected in the same polarity direction by the patterned metal circuit layer 70 to form a parallel connection (see 3B Figure), or two sets of power supply units 10 connected in series in the Y-axis direction as shown in Figure 3A, and then connected in parallel in the Y-axis direction (see Figure 3C), or two sets as shown in Figure 3B The power supply units 10 connected in parallel in the Y-axis direction are connected in series in the Y-axis direction (see Fig. 3D) to form a mixed series-parallel connection. In other words, with regard to the content of these implementation aspects, the patterned metal circuit layer 70 serves as an internal electrical connection line to form an electrical connection between the power supply unit 10.

Next, please refer to Figure 4A. The power supply units 10 can be connected in series in the Z-axis direction by direct contact, or connected in a positive and negative stacking manner in the same polarity direction to form a parallel connection (see Figure 4B) or in an array As shown in Figure 4A, the power supply units 10 connected in series in the Z-axis direction are stacked with the same polarity in the Z-axis direction and matched with wires, such as a patterned metal circuit layer 70. Parallel connection (see Figure 4C), or an array of power supply units 10 connected in parallel in the Z-axis direction as shown in Figure 4B, and then stacked in the Z-axis direction for series connection (see Figure 4D) to form a series-parallel connection Mixed connection methods. In these embodiments, it can be seen that the patterned metal circuit layer 70, in addition to the internal electrical connection lines between any two Z-axis stacked power supply groups, can also be used as the Z-axis stacked power Electrical connection lines between supply units.

The above-mentioned collector layer 14 can be further selectively provided with tabs to facilitate electrical connection, for example, contact or welding after the tabs are bent, or conductive connection. The electrical connection type is easy for those familiar with the art to think about, and the focus of the present invention is the stacking type of the power supply unit 10 in the XYZ axis. Therefore, the electrical connection type is not the focus and will not be repeated here.

Therefore, roughly speaking, because the outermost of the power supply unit 10 is the current collecting layers 14, 15, so the current collecting layers 14, 15 can directly contact each other to form series or parallel in the Z-axis direction; and the X-axis The extension in the Y-axis direction can be connected by the patterned metal circuit layer 70. The patterned metal circuit layer 70 can be a single metal layer, or a single-sided (single-sided) circuit board, a double-sided circuit board, etc.; when it is a double-sided circuit board, it is not used for serial connection or/and parallel connection The circuit layer on the other side of the power supply unit 10 can be used as an extended circuit layout application, such as the monitoring and management circuit of the overall power supply system 60, or the application or connection of electronic components, device control, and monitoring circuits. When the patterned metal circuit layer 70 is a single metal layer, it can be further provided with auxiliary materials. In addition to providing structural strength support, it can also be used with special materials, such as high heat dissipation materials, to enhance the overall power supply system. 60 heat dissipation benefits.

Continuing, according to any of the foregoing aspects, the combination of the power supply unit 10 in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel in any axis of the XYZ axis is regarded as a power supply unit Group to describe and explain. Please refer to Fig. 5A. The power supply system 60 uses the parallel connection in the X-axis direction as a basic power supply unit group as shown in the aforementioned Fig. 2B, and performs several power supply unit groups in the Y-axis direction. For example, in Figure 5A, three power supply units are arranged in groups, and then the patterned metal circuit layer 70 is extended in parallel in the Y-axis direction; or in an array as shown in Figure 5A The power supply system 60 in this configuration is then extended in series in the X-axis direction, as shown in FIG. 5B.

Please refer to Figure 5C. The power supply system 60 uses the array in parallel in the Z-axis direction as shown in Figure 4B, repeats the arrangement of several power supply unit groups in the Y-axis direction, and then extends them. The patterned metal circuit layer 70 is connected in parallel in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, respectively. Or an array of the power supply unit groups formed in the above-mentioned Figure 4A in the Z-axis direction to form a number of repeated stacked arrangements, as another standard unit, several in the X and Y axis directions The standard units are repeatedly arranged, and then the patterned metal circuit layer 70 is connected in series in the X-axis and Y-axis directions respectively, as shown in FIG. 5D. Therefore, it can be seen from the above-mentioned embodiments that the patterned metal circuit layer 70 claimed in this specification generally refers to the electrical connection lines required by the power supply units or power supply groups for electrical transmission. This part is an existing technology for familiar with the technology, and the main axis of this case lies in the arrangement of multi-axial power supply units, so the electrical connection line part will not be repeated in this manual to avoid confusion with the technical main axis . Based on the above, that is to say, the patterned metal circuit layer 70 in this specification can represent internal electrical connection lines forming electrical connections between the power supply units 10, or used for internal electrical connections between groups of power supply units. Sexual connection line. In addition, in order to guide the electric power of the electric energy supply system 60 to be output, the positive current output terminal of the electric energy supply system 60 is provided with a positive conductive output terminal 81, and the negative current collector output terminal is provided with a negative conductive output terminal 82. When the center positive output terminal 81 is located _{(X c, Y c, Z} c), the negative 82 for Center output terminal is located at _{(X a, Y a, Z} a) when, X _c ≠ X _a or Y _c ≠ Y _a or Z _c ≠Z _a or a combination of any of the above, which means that the positive conductive output terminal 81 and the negative conductive output terminal 82 in this case can be located on the same side or different sides according to design requirements.

The above-mentioned positive conductive output terminal 81 and negative conductive output terminal 82 can be directly connected to the current collector layer of each corresponding power supply unit as shown in Figure 5D, or respectively connected to the corresponding patterned metal circuit layer 70, or It is formed by the extension of the collector layer or the patterned metal circuit layer 70.

Of course, the aforesaid aspects as shown in Figs. 5A-5D are only described based on the drawings, and are not intended to limit the power supply system 60 of the present invention can only be connected in this way. Axis, Y-axis, Z-axis and other directions are connected and extended to form series, parallel or mixed series and parallel connections, which should not deviate from the spirit of this case.

Next, please refer to Fig. 6, the power supply system 60 can be packaged with an outer package 50. The outer package 50 can be a polymer film to prevent short circuits, or the material of the outer package 50 can also be selected from Common methods such as aluminum foil and metal cans are also possible; at the same time, the outer package 50 can also be filled with coolant to provide better heat dissipation. At the same time, as shown in the figure, the gap between the X axis and the Y axis is It can be used as a cooling and heat dissipation channel; in addition to the aforementioned method of filling the coolant, considering that more power supply units 10 in series or parallel will also generate more heat during operation, cooling pipes or or Cooling system, etc., to smoothly discharge the heat generated by its operation, so that the electric power supply system 60 maintains normal operation. Furthermore, in this figure, the outer package 50 is roughly a rectangular parallelepiped, but according to actual application conditions, for example, when applied to electric vehicles, it can be adjusted according to the battery installation space of the electric vehicle, and the internal power supply unit 10 is used for flexibility. Adjustment, The overall space can be used as a storage space for batteries to provide the electrical capacity of the overall power supply system 60.

Based on the above embodiment architecture, it can be seen that when N ₁ × N ₂ × N ₃ power supply units are used, the power supply system of this case can adopt N ₁ power supply units on the Z axis, and the adjacent sets of these power supply units The electrical layers are stacked in direct contact to form a Z-axis stacked power supply group. N ₂ of the Z-axis stacked power supply groups are aligned on the X-axis, and N ₃ of the Z-axis stacked power supply groups are on the Y-axis. Parallel, where the N ₁ , N ₂ , and N ₃ are natural numbers and the N ₁ ≧2, N ₂ ≧2, and N ₃ ≧2. Under this structure, when a metal needle pierces the horizontal composite power supply structure from the outside, the piercing point will not be N ₁ × N ₂ × N ₃ vertically stacked electrochemical system units, but fewer Therefore, it can effectively reduce the danger caused by the high number of electrochemical system units stacked in series during puncture.

In summary, the multi-axial power supply system provided by the present invention is composed of independent and complete power supply units; therefore, it is not only simple in structure, easy to manufacture and mass production, but also has the characteristics of high voltage and high capacity. The reliability, unit capacity density and safety have been significantly improved.

Furthermore, because the power supply units are individual and complete independent power generation modules, when they are joined together to form a power supply unit group, the adjacent power supply units only have charge transfer and no electrochemical reaction occurs, so that the internal The electrolyte system will not be affected by high voltage and may be cracked, which can effectively improve its safety. On the other hand, the power supply unit groups are connected to each other through the contact of the current collector layer of the power supply unit, so the overall resistance is quite low, so that the charging and discharging speed can be greatly improved, and the heat generation phenomenon is greatly reduced, so cooling The design of the mechanism can be simplified, and the overall system control is also more convenient.

Only the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the characteristics and spirit described in the scope of the application for this new model shall be included in the scope of the application for this new model.

10: Power supply unit

60: Electricity Supply System

70: Patterned metal circuit layer

81: Positive conductive output terminal

82: Negative conductive output terminal

Claims (11)

A multi-axial electric energy supply system, which includes: A number of power supply units, the power supply units adopt series-parallel hybrid electrical connection, and the power supply units present a three-dimensional stacked arrangement, wherein each power supply unit includes: Two collector layers; Two active material layers are arranged between the two collector layers; An electrolyte system, which is impregnated with the active material layer; and An encapsulation layer arranged on the periphery of the two current collecting layers to adhere the two current collecting layers and encapsulate the electrolyte system between the two current collecting layers without leakage; Each of the power supply units is a module that is independent and complete with power supply, the electrolyte system of the power supply unit does not circulate with each other, and the adjacent power supply units only have charge transfer without performing electrochemical reactions; Wherein on the Z axis, the power supply unit is in direct contact with the adjacent power supply unit through the current collecting layer to form an electrical connection and form a series or parallel connection; and A patterned metal circuit layer is connected to the power supply units to form a parallel or series connection of the X axis and the Y axis. According to the multi-axial electric energy supply system according to the first item of the patent application, the electrolyte system is a colloidal, liquid, solid electrolyte or a combination thereof. According to the multi-axial power supply system of the first item of the scope of patent application, the power supply unit further includes an isolation layer disposed between the two active material layers. According to the multi-axial power supply system of the first item in the scope of patent application, the patterned metal circuit layer is a metal layer of a circuit board. According to the first multi-axial power supply system of the patent application, the patterned metal circuit layer further includes an auxiliary material. According to the first item of the patent application, the multi-axial power supply system further includes an outer package to encapsulate the power supply units. According to the multi-axial power supply system according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, the outer package body is filled with a coolant. A multi-axial electric energy supply system includes: N ₁ electric energy supply units, any one of the electric energy supply units includes two collector layers and an electrochemical system layer located between the two collector layers, on the Z axis, The power supply units adjacent to the collector layer are stacked in direct contact to form a Z-axis stacked power supply group, wherein the N ₁ is a natural number and the N ₁ ≧2; N ₂ of the Z-axis stacked power The supply groups are aligned on the X axis, where the N ₂ is a natural number and the N ₂ ≧2; N ₃ of the Z-axis stacked power supply groups are aligned on the Y axis, where the N ₃ is a natural number and the N ₃ ≧2; a positive conductive output terminal, which is the positive current output terminal of the power supply system; and a negative conductive output terminal, which is the negative current output terminal of the power supply system. According to the multi-axial power supply system according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, the power supply units directly contact and stack through the adjacent collector layers to form a string And hybrid electrical connection. According to the multi-axial power supply system according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, each of the power supply units further includes an encapsulation layer, which is essentially sandwiched between the two current collection layers to adhere the two current collection layers, and The electrochemical system layer is enclosed between the two current collecting layers without leakage. According to the 8th multi-axial power supply system of the scope of patent application, the center of the positive output end is located at (X _c ,Y _c ,Z _c ), and the center of the negative set output end is located at (X _a ,Y _a ,Z _a ), where X _c ≠X _a or Y _c ≠Y _a or Z _c ≠Z _a or a combination of any two of the foregoing.

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