TWM668856U - Electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The electronic device includes a first sensing conductor, a first amplifier circuit and at least one response element. The first amplifier circuit includes a first transistor and a second transistor. A first terminal of the first transistor and a first terminal of the second transistor are coupled to one of a voltage supply terminal and a ground terminal. A second terminal of the first transistor is coupled to a control terminal of the second transistor. A second terminal of the second transistor is coupled to the other of the voltage supply terminal and the ground terminal. The first sensing conductor is coupled to a control terminal of the first transistor. The at least one response element is coupled to the first amplifier circuit.

Description

Electronic devices

This novel creation is related to an electronic device.

The atoms of a substance carry positive and negative charges. When two insulators rub against each other, the external force does work, making the substance that easily loses negative charge (i.e., electrons) positively charged, and the substance that easily gains negative charge negatively charged. This is called triboelectric charging. There is an electrostatic force between charges, which is that like charges repel each other and opposite charges attract each other. When a substance with electrostatic charge approaches one end of a conductor, because the conductor carries freely movable negative charges (i.e., electrons), it is affected by the electrostatic force of the electrostatic substance, causing one end of the conductor to have static electricity with a different charge from that of the electrostatic substance. This is called electrostatic induction. In order to understand the electrical properties of substances in triboelectric charging or electrostatic induction experiments, an electronic device that can distinguish the electrical properties of the experimental substances is urgently needed.

The novel invention provides an electronic device that can sense changes in surrounding static electric fields or electromagnetic waves.

The electronic device of the novel invention includes a first inductive conductor, a first amplifier circuit and at least one response element. The first amplifier circuit includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The first end of the first transistor and the first end of the second transistor are coupled to one of a voltage supply end and a ground end. The second end of the first transistor is coupled to a control end of the second transistor. The second end of the second transistor is coupled to the other of the voltage supply end and the ground end. The first inductive conductor is coupled to the control end of the first transistor. At least one response element is coupled to the first amplifier circuit.

Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same element symbols are used in the drawings and descriptions to represent the same or similar parts. Furthermore, as used herein, "coupled" or "electrically connected" may be the presence or absence of other elements between two elements.

FIG1 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device 10 of an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG1 , the electronic device 10 includes a first inductive conductor 101. The first inductive conductor 101 is used to sense changes in the surrounding electrostatic field or electromagnetic waves. For example, in some embodiments, the first inductive conductor 101 may be an antenna. The antenna is, for example, a metal coil bent into a spiral shape. The material of the metal coil is, for example, copper. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any conductor may be used as the material of the first inductive conductor 101 of the electronic device 10. The present invention does not limit the material of the first inductive conductor 101 to a specific metal, nor does it limit the appearance of the first inductive conductor 101 to a specific structure.

The electronic device 10 further includes a first amplifier circuit 201 and at least one response element 300. The first amplifier circuit 201 is coupled to the first inductive conductor 101. The at least one response element 300 is coupled to the first amplifier circuit 201. The first amplifier circuit 201 is used to receive a tiny current from the first inductive conductor 101, and then amplify the tiny current through a plurality of transistors to provide a signal sufficient to activate the response element 300. The at least one response element 300 is used to receive the signal from the first amplifier circuit 201 and generate a corresponding response.

The first amplifier circuit 201 at least includes a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2. The first end Q1a of the first transistor Q1 and the first end Q2a of the second transistor Q2 are coupled to one of a voltage supply end Vcc and a ground end GND (for example, but not limited to: the voltage supply end Vcc). The second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 is coupled to a control end Q2c of the second transistor Q2. The second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 is coupled to the other of the voltage supply end Vcc and the ground end GND (for example, but not limited to: the ground end GND). The first inductive conductor 101 is coupled to the control end Q1c of the first transistor Q1.

The first amplifier circuit 201 increases the current gain through at least the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2, thereby generating a signal sufficient to cause the response element 300 to respond. In some embodiments, in order to further increase the current gain (i.e., to increase the sensitivity of the electronic device 10 to changes in the surrounding electrostatic field or electromagnetic wave), the first amplifier circuit 201 may selectively include more transistors.

For example, in some embodiments, the first amplifier circuit 201 may optionally further include a third transistor Q3, wherein a first end Q3a of the third transistor Q3 is coupled to one of a voltage supply terminal Vcc and a ground terminal GND (for example, but not limited to: the voltage supply terminal Vcc), a control end Q3c of the third transistor Q3 is coupled to a second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2, and a second end Q3b of the third transistor Q3 is coupled to the other of the voltage supply terminal Vcc and the ground terminal GND (for example, but not limited to: the ground terminal GND). In some embodiments, the first amplifier circuit 201 may further include a fourth transistor Q4, a first end Q4a of the fourth transistor Q4 is coupled to at least one response element 300, a control end Q4c of the fourth transistor Q4 is coupled to the second end Q3b of the third transistor Q3, and a second end Q4b of the fourth transistor Q4 is coupled to the other of the voltage supply end Vcc and the ground end GND (for example but not limited to: the ground end GND). In short, in some embodiments, the first amplifier circuit 201 may selectively include four transistors to have a high current gain. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of transistors included in the first amplifier circuit 201 may be increased or decreased according to actual needs. In other embodiments, the number of transistors included in the first amplifier circuit 201 may also be 2, 3 or N, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 5.

In some embodiments, a switch element may be appropriately added to make the current gain of the first amplifier circuit 201 adjustable (i.e., to make the sensitivity of the electronic device 10 adjustable). By turning the switch element on or off, the current gain of the first amplifier circuit 201 (i.e., the sensitivity of the electronic device 10) may be adjusted.

For example, in some embodiments, the first amplifier circuit 201 may further include a first switching element SW1 and a second switching element SW2, wherein two ends of the first switching element SW1 are respectively coupled to the second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 and the control end Q3c of the third transistor Q3, and two ends of the second switching element SW2 are respectively coupled to the second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 and the control end Q4c of the fourth transistor Q4.

In some embodiments, when high sensitivity is required, the first switching element SW1 and the second switching element SW2 can be closed, and an open circuit is formed between the second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 and the control end Q3c of the third transistor Q3, and an open circuit is formed between the second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 and the control end Q4c of the fourth transistor Q4. At this time, the current gain of the first amplifier circuit 201 is large and the sensitivity of the electronic device 10 is high.

In some embodiments, when medium sensitivity is required, one of the first switching element SW1 and the second switching element SW2 can be turned off, and the other of the first switching element SW1 and the second switching element SW2 can be turned on (for example: the first switching element SW1 is turned off and the second switching element SW2 is turned on, so that an open circuit is formed between the second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 and the control end Q3c of the third transistor Q3, and a path is formed between the second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 and the control end Q4c of the fourth transistor Q4). At this time, the current gain of the first amplifier circuit 201 is medium, and the sensitivity of the electronic device 10 is medium.

In some embodiments, when low sensitivity is required, the first switching element SW1 and the second switching element SW2 can be turned on, a path is formed between the second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 and the control end Q3c of the third transistor Q3, and a path is formed between the second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 and the control end Q4c of the fourth transistor Q4. At this time, the current gain of the first amplifier circuit 201 is low and the sensitivity of the electronic device 10 is low.

It should be noted that the first amplifier circuit 201 of the present embodiment is an exemplary embodiment including 4 transistors and 2 switch elements. However, the present invention does not limit the number of transistors included in the first amplifier circuit 201 to 4, nor does it limit the number of switch elements included in the first amplifier circuit 201 to 2. The number of transistors and/or the setting of switch elements (or the number of switch elements) can be designed according to the sensitivity to be achieved and/or the adjustability of the sensitivity (or the sensitivity adjustment precision).

FIG. 2A to FIG. 2B show the change of charge distribution in the first inductive conductor 101 when the first inductive conductor 101 of an embodiment of the present invention is close to a positively charged substance A (such as but not limited to: an electrostatic rod). Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B , the first inductive conductor 101 of the electronic device 10 has a sensing end 101a and a connecting end 101b. The connecting end 101b is coupled to the first amplifying circuit 201. The sensing end 101a is located opposite to the connecting end 101b. When the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 approaches the positively charged substance A (when the situation shown in FIG. 2A changes to the situation shown in FIG. 2B ), the negative charges in the first inductive conductor 101 are attracted by the positively charged substance A and move toward the sensing end 101a, and the positive charges in the first inductive conductor 101 are repelled by the positively charged substance A and move toward the connecting end 101b. In other words, when the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 approaches the positively charged substance A, a current i flowing from the sensing end 101a to the connecting end 101b may be induced in the first inductive conductor 101, and the current i may drive the first amplifying circuit 201 to operate, thereby causing the response element 300 to generate a corresponding response. By using this mechanism, when the user brings the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 close to a substance with unknown electrical properties, if the response element 300 generates a corresponding response, it can be determined that the substance carries a positive charge.

3A to 3B show the change in charge distribution in the first inductive conductor 101 when the first inductive conductor 101 is away from a negatively charged substance B (such as but not limited to: a plastic bag) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , when the sensing end 101a of the first sensing conductor 101 is away from the negatively charged substance B (when the situation shown in FIG. 3A changes to the situation shown in FIG. 3B ), the attraction between the positive charges in the first sensing conductor 101 and the negatively charged substance B becomes weaker, and the positive charges in the first sensing conductor 101 originally attracted to the sensing end 101a gradually move toward the connecting end 101b, and the repulsion between the negative charges in the first sensing conductor 101 and the negatively charged substance B becomes weaker, and the negative charges in the first sensing conductor 101 originally repelled to the connecting end 101b gradually move toward the sensing end 101a. That is, when the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 is away from the negatively charged substance B, a current i flowing from the sensing end 101a to the connecting end 101b may be induced in the first inductive conductor 101, and the current i may drive the first amplifier circuit 201 to operate, thereby causing the response element 300 to generate a corresponding response. By using this mechanism, when the user moves the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 away from a substance of unknown electrical properties, if the response element 300 generates a corresponding response, it can be determined that the substance is negatively charged.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A to FIG. 3B , the electronic device 10 includes at least one response element 300. For example, in some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may include multiple response elements 300. The multiple response elements 300 may selectively include a light emitting diode LED and a buzzer H. When the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 is close to the positively charged substance A, or the sensing end 101a of the first inductive conductor 101 is far away from the negatively charged substance B, the light emitting diode LED will emit light and the buzzer H will emit sound. However, the novel creation is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the response element 300 may also include other types of electronic components.

Please refer to FIG1 , in some embodiments, the electronic device 10 can selectively use a universal serial bus (USB) for power supply. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, a mobile power supply or any other method can also be used for power supply.

It should be noted that the following embodiments use the same component numbers and some contents of the previous embodiments, wherein the same number is used to represent the same or similar components, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted. The description of the omitted parts can be referred to the previous embodiments, and the following embodiments will not be repeated.

FIG4 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device 10A according to another embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 10A of FIG4 is similar to the electronic device 10 of FIG1 , and the difference between the two is that the electronic device 10A of FIG4 further includes a second inductive conductor 102, a second amplifier circuit 202, a chip 400, and a wireless transmitting element 500. In addition, the types of the response element 300A of the electronic device 10A of FIG4 are more diverse.

4 , the electronic device 10A includes a first inductive conductor 101, a first amplifier circuit 201, and at least one response element 300A. The first amplifier circuit 201 includes a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2, wherein a first end Q1a of the first transistor Q1 and a first end Q2a of the second transistor Q2 are coupled to one of a voltage supply terminal P (for example, but not limited to: 3.3V) and a ground terminal GND (for example, but not limited to: the voltage supply terminal P), a second end Q1b of the first transistor Q1 is coupled to a control end Q2c of the second transistor Q2, a second end Q2b of the second transistor Q2 is coupled to the other of the voltage supply terminal P and the ground terminal GND (for example, but not limited to: the ground terminal GND), and the first inductive conductor 101 is coupled to the control end Q1c of the first transistor Q1. At least one response element 300A is coupled to the first amplifier circuit 201.

Unlike the aforementioned electronic device 10, the electronic device 10A further includes a second inductive conductor 102 and a second amplifier circuit 202. The second inductive conductor 102 is used to sense changes in the surrounding electrostatic field or electromagnetic waves. For example, in some embodiments, the second inductive conductor 102 can be an antenna. The antenna is, for example, a metal coil bent into a spiral shape. The material of the metal coil is, for example, copper. However. The new creation is not limited to this, and any conductor can be used as the material of the second inductive conductor 102 of the electronic device 10. The new creation does not limit the material of the second inductive conductor 102 to a specific metal, nor does it limit the appearance of the second inductive conductor 102 to a specific structure.

The second amplifier circuit 202 includes a fifth transistor Q5 and a sixth transistor Q6. The first end Q5a of the fifth transistor Q5 and the first end Q6a of the sixth transistor Q6 are coupled to the other of the voltage supply end P and the ground end GND (for example, but not limited to: the ground end GND). The second end Q5b of the fifth transistor Q5 is coupled to the control end Q6c of the sixth transistor Q6. The second end Q6b of the sixth transistor Q6 is coupled to the one of the voltage supply end P and the ground end GND (for example, but not limited to: the voltage supply end P). The second inductive conductor 102 is coupled to the control end Q5c of the fifth transistor Q5. At least one response element 300A is coupled to the second amplifier circuit 202 in addition to being coupled to the first amplifier circuit 201.

In some embodiments, the electronic device 10A further includes a chip 400. The chip 400 has a first input port P32, a second input port P33, and at least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15. The first amplifier circuit 201 and the second amplifier circuit 202 are coupled to the first input port P32 and the second input port P33, respectively. At least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15 is coupled to the first input port P32 and the second input port P33. At least one response element 300A is coupled to at least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15.

In detail, in some embodiments, at least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15 includes a first output port P5 and a second output port P4, a first input port P32 and a second input port P33 are coupled to the first output port P5 and the second output port P4, respectively, and at least one response element 300A includes a first response element 300-1 and a second response element 300-2, and the first response element 300-1 and the second response element 300-2 are coupled to the first output port P5 and the second output port P4, respectively.

In some embodiments, the first inductive conductor 101, the first amplifier circuit 201 and the first response element 300-1 can be used to sense whether a substance is positively charged, and the second inductive conductor 102, the second amplifier circuit 202 and the second response element 300-2 can be used to sense whether a substance is negatively charged. When positive charge is sensed, the first response element 300-1 will generate a corresponding response. When negative charge is sensed, the second response element 300-2 will generate a corresponding response. For example, in some embodiments, the first response element 300-1 and the second response element 300-2 can be a first light-emitting element LED_R for emitting a first color light and a second light-emitting element LED_B for emitting a second color light, respectively, wherein the first color light is different from the second color light. In some embodiments, the first color light and the second color light are red light and blue light, respectively. When positive charge is sensed, the electronic device 10A emits red light; when negative charge is sensed, the electronic device 10A emits blue light; but the invention is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, at least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15 of the chip 400 further includes a first common output port P15, the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 are coupled to the first common output port P15, and at least one response element 300A includes a first common response element 300-3, and the first common response element 300-3 is coupled to the first common output port P15. After the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 of the chip 400 receive the signals from the first amplifier circuit 201 and the second amplifier circuit 202 respectively, after being processed inside the chip 400, the first common output port P15 of the chip 400 can output a corresponding signal, so that the first common response element 300-3 generates a corresponding response. According to the response type generated by the first common response element 300-3, it can be determined whether the substance being measured is positively charged or negatively charged.

For example, in some embodiments, the first common response element 300-3 may be a buzzer that can emit different first and second sounds. If the first common response element 300-3 emits the first sound (for example, but not limited to: a long sound), it can be determined that the measured substance is positively charged. If the first common response element 300-3 emits the second sound (for example, but not limited to: a short sound), it can be determined that the measured substance is negatively charged.

In some embodiments, at least one output port P21, P5, P4, P15 of the chip 400 further includes a second common output port P21, the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 are coupled to the second common output port P21, and at least one response element 300A further includes a second common response element 300-4, and the second common response element 300-4 is coupled to the second common output port P21. After the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 of the chip 400 receive the signals from the first amplifier circuit 201 and the second amplifier circuit 202 respectively, after being processed inside the chip 400, the second common output port P21 of the chip 400 can output a corresponding signal, so that the second common response element 300-4 generates a corresponding response. According to the response type generated by the second common response element 300-4, it can be determined whether the substance being measured is positively charged or negatively charged.

For example, in some embodiments, the second common response element 300-4 can be a display. If the second common response element 300-4 displays a first image (such as but not limited to: the text "positive charge"), it can be determined that the measured substance has a positive charge. If the second common response element 300-4 displays a second image (such as but not limited to: the text "negative charge"), it can be determined that the measured substance has a negative charge. In other embodiments, the chip 400 can also perform calculations and numerical analysis based on the signals input to the first input port P32 and/or the second input port P33 to obtain a result, and the result can be displayed in real time through the second common response element 300-4 (such as: a display).

In some embodiments, the electronic device 10A may further optionally include a wireless transmitting element 500. The wireless transmitting element 500 is coupled to the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 of the chip 400. The wireless transmitting element 500 may be disposed outside the chip 400 or built into the chip 400. The signals input to the first input port P32 and the second input port P33 may be processed by the chip 400 to obtain data, which may be transmitted to the cloud through the wireless transmitting element 500.

The electronic device 10A can detect changes in electrostatic fields or surrounding electromagnetic waves in real time, and monitor electrostatic interference in the operating environment of electrical equipment. For high-precision instruments or sensitive electronic equipment, it is crucial to avoid damage caused by electrostatic discharge. This device helps to identify potential electrostatic hazardous areas, thereby effectively preventing damage to equipment caused by static electricity. On the other hand, the electronic device 10A can also be used in scientific research and/or education. The electronic device 10A provides a visual data display and can display signal waveforms in real time on the second common response element 300-4 (e.g., a display). This makes it an ideal tool for demonstrating the principles of electromagnetics and signal processing in the education field. Students can intuitively understand the properties of electromagnetic waves and the process of electric charge interaction.

10, 10A: electronic device 101: first inductive conductor 101a: sensing end 101b: connecting end 102: second inductive conductor 201: first amplifier circuit 202: second amplifier circuit 300, 300A: response element 300-1: first response element 300-2: second response element 300-3: first common response element 300-4: second common response element 400: chip 500: wireless transmitting element A, B: material GND: ground end H: buzzer i: current LED: light-emitting diode LED_R: first light-emitting element LED_B: second light-emitting element P4, P5, P15, P21: output port P32: First input port P33: Second input port Q1: First transistor Q1a, Q2a, Q3a, Q4a, Q5a, Q6a: First end Q1b, Q2b, Q3b, Q4b, Q5b, Q6b: Second end Q1c, Q2c, Q3c, Q4c, Q5c, Q6c: Control end Q2: Second transistor Q3: Third transistor Q4: Fourth transistor Q5: Fifth transistor Q6: Sixth transistor SW1: First switch element SW2: Second switch element Vcc, P: Voltage supply end USB: Universal Serial Bus

FIG1 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG2A to FIG2B show the change in charge distribution in the first inductive conductor when the first inductive conductor of the present invention is close to a substance with a positive charge. FIG3A to FIG3B show the change in charge distribution in the first inductive conductor when the first inductive conductor of the present invention is far away from a substance with a negative charge. FIG4 is a circuit diagram of an electronic device of another embodiment of the present invention.

10: Electronic devices

101: First inductive conductor

101a: Sensing end

101b:Connection terminal

201: First amplifier circuit

300: Response element

GND: Ground terminal

H:Buzzer

LED: Light Emitting Diode

Q1: First transistor

Q1a, Q2a, Q3a, Q4a: First end

Q1b, Q2b, Q3b, Q4b: Second end

Q1c, Q2c, Q3c, Q4c: control end

Q2: Second transistor

Q3: The third transistor

Q4: The fourth transistor

SW1: First switch element

SW2: Second switch element

Vcc: voltage supply terminal

USB: Universal Serial Bus

Claims (10)

An electronic device includes: a first inductive conductor; a first amplifier circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor, wherein a first end of the first transistor and a first end of the second transistor are coupled to one of a voltage supply end and a ground end, a second end of the first transistor is coupled to a control end of the second transistor, a second end of the second transistor is coupled to the other of the voltage supply end and the ground end, and the first inductive conductor is coupled to a control end of the first transistor; and at least one response element is coupled to the first amplifier circuit. The electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the first amplifier circuit further comprises: a third transistor, wherein a first terminal of the third transistor is coupled to one of the voltage supply terminal and the ground terminal, a control terminal of the third transistor is coupled to the second terminal of the second transistor, and a second terminal of the third transistor is coupled to the other of the voltage supply terminal and the ground terminal. The electronic device as described in claim 2, wherein the first amplifier circuit further comprises: A first switch element, wherein two ends of the first switch element are respectively coupled to the second end of the first transistor and the control end of the third transistor. The electronic device as described in claim 3, wherein the first amplifier circuit further comprises: a fourth transistor, wherein a first terminal of the fourth transistor is coupled to the at least one response element, a control terminal of the fourth transistor is coupled to the second terminal of the third transistor, and a second terminal of the fourth transistor is coupled to the other of the voltage supply terminal and the ground terminal. The electronic device as described in claim 4, wherein the first amplifier circuit further comprises: A second switch element, wherein two ends of the second switch element are respectively coupled to the second end of the second transistor and the control end of the fourth transistor. The electronic device as described in claim 1 further comprises: a second inductive conductor; and a second amplifier circuit, comprising a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor, wherein a first end of the fifth transistor and a first end of the sixth transistor are coupled to the other of the voltage supply end and the ground end, a second end of the fifth transistor is coupled to a control end of the sixth transistor, a second end of the sixth transistor is coupled to the voltage supply end and the ground end, and the second inductive conductor is coupled to a control end of the fifth transistor; the at least one response element is further coupled to the second amplifier circuit. The electronic device as described in claim 6 further comprises: A chip having a first input port, a second input port and at least one output port, wherein the first amplifier circuit and the second amplifier circuit are coupled to the first input port and the second input port respectively, the at least one output port is coupled to the first input port and the second input port, and the at least one response element is coupled to the at least one output port. An electronic device as described in claim 7, wherein at least one output port includes a first output port and a second output port, the first input port and the second input port are coupled to the first output port and the second output port respectively, and the at least one response element includes a first response element and a second response element, and the first response element and the second response element are coupled to the first output port and the second output port respectively. An electronic device as described in claim 7, wherein the at least one output port includes a first common output port, the first input port and the second input port are coupled to the first common output port, and the at least one response element includes a first common response element, and the first common response element is coupled to the first common output port. The electronic device as described in claim 7 further includes: A wireless transmitting element coupled to the first input port and the second input port of the chip, wherein the wireless transmitting element is disposed outside the chip or built into the chip.

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