TWM661568U - Piezoelectric element and wearable item - Google Patents

Abstract

A piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric composite material and at least one polarization zone, characterized in that: the piezoelectric composite material is composed of piezoelectric ceramic powder and thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic powder The piezoelectric hybrid blank is formed through a mixing process with the thermoplastic elastomer, and the piezoelectric hybrid blank is formed into a piezoelectric composite material after injection and thermoplastic processes. The piezoelectric composite material is thickness polarized or surface polarized to produce. There is at least one polarization zone, in which the volume ratio of piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40% to 80%.

Description

Piezoelectric components and wearable items

The present invention relates to a piezoelectric component, and in particular to a piezoelectric component in which the piezoelectric composite material is selected from thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) and can be directly physically and effectively uniformly mixed with ceramic powder, in particular thermoplastic polymer material (TPU). When a certain proportion (e.g., higher than 40%) of piezoelectric ceramic powder is added, the piezoelectric component of the present invention can still maintain good elasticity.

Generally, flexible piezoelectric materials are made by reducing the thickness or combining with base materials to improve flexibility. In 0-3 type composite materials, the traditional manufacturing method is to allow ceramic powder and base materials to be evenly mixed. Expensive polymer fine powder, ceramic powder, and molding agent are often used for dry mixing, and extrusion molding machines are used for mixing and extrusion of embryo sheets, and then high-temperature hot pressing is used for densification and combination with composite structures. Or the base liquid glue, ceramic powder, and curing agent are stirred and mixed, and the mold is left to stand or heat to cure. Or a large amount of chemical solution is used to dissolve the base material, and then ceramic powder is added and stirred to mix into a slurry. The casting method or scraping with a scraper to form a wet embryo strip is used, and then the solvent is evaporated and removed by heating and baking to form a dry thin strip, and then high-temperature hot pressing is used for compact molding. The above processes all have problems with ceramic powder agglomeration, uneven distribution of dry-mixed ceramics, and high viscosity of slurry that makes mixing difficult. The solidification or solvent removal process of the embryo is prone to density gradient stratification and bubble layers because the density of ceramics is much greater than that of polymers. The high-temperature hot pressing densification process is prone to cracking. The addition of chemical solutions such as solvents, molding agents, and curing agents in the process is not environmentally friendly. The component manufacturing process is cumbersome and the thickness of the produced components is thin, making it difficult to control the application. There is a need for improvement in the production of practical, high-quality, highly flexible, large-size thick materials and various 3D-shaped components.

The main purpose of this new type is to provide a piezoelectric element with good piezoelectric properties and good elasticity, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic powder content exceeds 40% and the piezoelectric ceramic powder can still be evenly distributed. The piezoelectric element of this new type can maintain high elasticity.

The main purpose of this new invention is to provide a piezoelectric composite material for making the aforementioned piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric composite material is selected from thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) and can be directly physically mixed with piezoelectric ceramic powder during the mixing stage without adding chemical solutions or surfactants.

The new piezoelectric composite material is specifically selected from thermoplastic polymer materials (Thermoplastic elastomers; TPU). When a high proportion (more than 40%) of piezoelectric ceramic powder is added, the new piezoelectric element can still maintain good elasticity.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the piezoelectric element of the present invention comprises a piezoelectric composite material and at least one polarization functional area, and its characteristics are: the piezoelectric composite material is composed of piezoelectric ceramic powder and thermoplastic elastomer (Thermoplastic elastomers; TPE), wherein piezoelectric ceramic powder and thermoplastic elastomer are formed into piezoelectric mixed blanks through a kneading process, and the piezoelectric mixed blanks are subjected to injection and thermoplastic processes to make the piezoelectric composite material into a flat plate, tube, column, spherical shell, wire, ring, cylinder, glove shape, or clothing shape, and the at least one polarization functional area is located on the piezoelectric composite material in the shape of a flat plate, tube, column, spherical shell, wire, ring, cylinder, glove shape, or clothing shape to form a piezoelectric element, wherein the weight ratio of piezoelectric ceramic powder to thermoplastic elastomer is 0.3:1 to 3:1.

The present invention also provides a wearable article including the aforementioned piezoelectric element, wherein the wearable article includes a plurality of polarized functional areas.

The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a piezoelectric element, which is used to manufacture a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric composite material and at least one polarized functional area. The method for manufacturing a piezoelectric element includes the following steps: mixing piezoelectric ceramic powder and a hot melt liquefied thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) in a mixing process to form a piezoelectric mixed blank, wherein the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40% to 80%; the piezoelectric mixed blank is formed into a piezoelectric composite material after injection and thermoplastic processes; and the piezoelectric composite material is subjected to thickness polarization (thickness poling) or surface polarization (surface poling) to produce at least one polarized functional area.

This new process uses piezoelectric ceramic powder and thermoplastic elastomer (such as TPE, foam, TPU, or TPU foam) to directly mix physically (without adding chemical solvents) and then undergo high-pressure hot injection molding or hot pressing molding to produce piezoelectric composite materials with high density, high strength, high flexibility, large-size flat panels of different thicknesses, and 3D components.

This new type can also be used interchangeably for injection molding and hot pressing (e.g., hot pressing several times after injection) to obtain piezoelectric composite materials with higher performance. For example, the piezoelectric mixed blanks after injection molding are cut accordingly according to the plane expansion of the mold fixture, and placed in the hot pressing mold to use the hot pressing machine to apply heat and pressure until the thermoplastic elastomer in the piezoelectric mixed blank is softened, and then the temperature is lowered and demolded to form a 3D piezoelectric composite material. In conjunction with the molding mold fixture and hot pressing molding, this process method can produce 3D three-dimensional piezoelectric composite materials that meet the precise size thickness structure, and can directly polarize the formed piezoelectric composite materials. This formed piezoelectric composite material can be completed through electrode printing and high-voltage polarization with two functional components, namely, a sensor that generates a voltage signal when input deformation (piezoelectric direct effect) and an actuator that generates deformation when input voltage (piezoelectric converse effect). And the smart material can be completed by implementing thickness polarization (thickness poling) or surface polarization (surface poling) in the area where data needs to be collected, which is very beneficial for the production of multi-point sensors or actuators.

The piezoelectric element of the present invention can be made into a ring, a cylinder, or a complex glove, and can be used to make multi-point sensors or actuators in specific locations as needed. In addition, the piezoelectric element of the present invention can be bonded with a different material (here, a material with different properties from the piezoelectric element) as a substrate, and then cut and hot-pressed. The implementation method for haptic gloves and smart clothing is to first bond the piezoelectric element of the present invention to the base substrate of the haptic gloves and smart clothing, and then perform hot-pressing and polarization procedures, which optimizes the previous manufacturing process of haptic gloves and smart clothing.

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e: piezoelectric element

11: Piezoelectric ceramic powder

10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e: Piezoelectric composites

20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20’c, 20e: polarization functional area

P1, P2: polarization direction

12: Thermoplastic elastomer

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the steps of one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the new piezoelectric element.

Figure 2 is an electron microscope image of an embodiment of the novel piezoelectric composite material made of 50% by volume of piezoelectric ceramic powder and 50% by volume of thermoplastic polymer (TPU).

Figure 3 is an electron microscope image of an embodiment of the novel piezoelectric composite material made of 60% piezoelectric ceramic powder and 40% thermoplastic polymer (TPU) by volume.

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a matrix embodiment of the novel piezoelectric element formed by surface polarization of the novel piezoelectric composite material.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the novel piezoelectric composite material forming a novel piezoelectric element after surface polarization.

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped embodiment of the piezoelectric element of the present invention formed by thickness polarization of the piezoelectric composite material of the present invention.

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical tubular embodiment of the piezoelectric element of the present invention formed by planar polarization of the piezoelectric composite material of the present invention.

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the piezoelectric element of the present invention for use in a tactile glove.

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the novel piezoelectric element used in smart clothing.

In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the preferred specific embodiments are described as follows. Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 for the step flow chart of one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric element of the present invention, the electron microscope images of the embodiments of the piezoelectric ceramic powder volume ratio of 50% and 60% of the piezoelectric composite material, the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the piezoelectric composite material after thickness polarization to form the piezoelectric element of the present invention, and the schematic diagram of the piezoelectric element of the present invention after surface polarization.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of the novel piezoelectric element is used to manufacture a piezoelectric element 1, and the piezoelectric element 1 includes a piezoelectric composite material 10 and at least one polarization functional area 20, wherein the piezoelectric composite material 10 is composed of piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and a thermoplastic elastomer 12. The manufacturing method of the novel piezoelectric element includes the following steps:

Step S1: Mix piezoelectric ceramic powder and hot-melt liquefied thermoplastic elastomer in a mixing process to form a piezoelectric mixed blank, wherein the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40% to 80%.

The present invention uses a ceramic mixer to physically blend the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with the molten thermoplastic elastomer 12 (TPE) (continuously and repeatedly kneading and stirring with double screws) to form a piezoelectric mixed blank. In other words, during the mixing process of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the molten thermoplastic elastomer 12, no chemical solution (such as DMF) or surfactant is added. The piezoelectric ceramic powder of the present invention can be a soft piezoelectric ceramic powder (such as PZT5A, PZT5H) or a hard piezoelectric ceramic powder (such as PZT4, PZT8), but the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of piezoelectric ceramics are also applicable to the present invention. When the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 1 μm to 20 μm, 5 μm to 15 μm, or 10 μm to 20 μm, the physical mixing effect of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the thermoplastic elastomer 12 in the molten state is good, and the polarization effect is good (compared to the previous technology of adding chemical solution or surfactant). In addition, the piezoelectric output characteristics of the piezoelectric element of the present invention are proportional to the content of the piezoelectric ceramic powder, and its flexibility (softness) is proportional to the content of the thermoplastic elastomer. Experiments have shown that the piezoelectric composite material 10 made of a piezoelectric ceramic powder and a thermoplastic elastomer weight ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1 can allow the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention to simultaneously obtain higher piezoelectricity and better flexibility. Alternatively, the piezoelectric composite material 10 made of a piezoelectric ceramic powder volume ratio of 45% to 85%, 40% to 80%, or 45% to 75% can allow the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention to simultaneously obtain higher piezoelectricity and better flexibility. Correspondingly, the volume ratio of the thermoplastic elastomer 12 is 15% to 55%, 20% to 60%, or 25% to 55%.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic elastomer 12 can be foamed cotton (such as foamed cotton used for construction sites, buildings or shoe insoles), and the material properties of the foamed cotton are utilized to allow the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with a volume ratio higher than 40% and the foamed cotton (thermoplastic elastomer 12) to be more evenly physically blended during the mixing process. It should be noted that in order to make the thermoplastic elastomer 12 more elastic, it is recommended that the foamed cotton should not be subjected to a foaming process but can still be evenly mixed. Do not undergo a foaming process, such as controlling the heating process of the foamed cotton to below 180°C or 140°C, or/and not adding air into the foamed cotton.

According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic elastomer 12 is a thermoplastic polymer material (TPU). The TPU used in this embodiment can be a polymer elastomer without plasticizer, or TPU foam cotton currently commonly used in shoe outsoles (for the purpose of cushioning and absorbing walking shock waves). By utilizing the material properties of the foam cotton, the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with a volume ratio higher than 40% and the foam cotton (thermoplastic elastomer 12) in a molten state are uniformly physically blended during the mixing process, and no compounds or air that will cause the thermoplastic elastomer 12 to foam are added during the blending process. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the softening point of the thermoplastic polymer material (TPU) product is from 50°C to 105°C, the initial flow temperature is from 50°C to 145°C, and the hardness ranges from 60A to 95A.

It should be noted here that FIG. 2 is an electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material of the present invention, which is made of 50% piezoelectric ceramic powder and 50% thermoplastic polymer material (THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE; TPU) by volume; and FIG. 3 is an electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material of the present invention, which is made of 60% piezoelectric ceramic powder and 40% thermoplastic polymer material (THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE; TPU) by volume. As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, regardless of the embodiment in which the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 50% or 60%, the piezoelectric ceramic powder of the novel piezoelectric composite material is roughly evenly distributed without obvious agglomeration, stratification, or bubbles.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the piezoelectric element 1 is an actuator element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 of the piezoelectric composite material 10 used for the aforementioned piezoelectric element 1 is 60% to 80% (high piezoelectric ceramic content), which can achieve the composite characteristics of piezoelectricity and flexibility strength. When the piezoelectric element 1 is a sensing element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 of the piezoelectric composite material 10 used for the aforementioned piezoelectric element 1 is 40% to 60% (low piezoelectric ceramic content), which can achieve the composite characteristics of piezoelectricity and flexibility strength.

It should be noted here that the novel piezoelectric mixed blank is formed by mixing the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the molten thermoplastic elastic body 12 without adding chemical solution or surfactant. Although the molecular bond between the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the molten thermoplastic elastic body 12 (such as TPE, foam, TPU or TPU foam) in the piezoelectric mixed blank is weaker than that of the previous technical implementation with the addition of chemical solution without the help of chemical solution or surfactant, the weakened molecular bond can improve the polarization effect of the novel piezoelectric element 1 (step S3).

Step S2: The piezoelectric mixed blank is formed into the piezoelectric composite material after injection molding and thermoplastic processes.

After the mixing process is completed, the ceramic mixer extrude the piezoelectric mixed blank to form a piezoelectric composite wire. The piezoelectric composite wire is then cut to produce plastic pellets required for the injection molding machine. These plastic pellets are fed into the injection molding machine and heated and softened to the softening temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer 12. They are then squeezed into the mold by a screw and cooled to below the softening point of TPE (about 110°C) or the softening point of TPU (about 130°C to 105°C). They are then demolded to injection mold the novel piezoelectric composite material 10. It should be noted that the novel piezoelectric composite material 10 can be made into flat plates (Fig. 4), tubes, cylinders, spherical shells, wires, rings (Fig. 6), cylinders (Fig. 7), gloves (Fig. 9), functional clothing (Fig. 8), or various 3D shapes of different thicknesses according to the actual use requirements, depending on the shape of the mold. The production thickness range of the novel piezoelectric composite material 10 is 0.3mm to 4mm.

In addition, the piezoelectric composite material 10 of the present invention has thermoplastic properties. It can be made into high-precision dimensional shapes using a hot press mold and then micro-molded. It can also be thinned by hot pressing using a plate-shaped component to reduce the thickness of the piezoelectric composite material 10 to 0.05mm, or the thickness of the plate-shaped piezoelectric composite material 10 can be stacked using a hot bonding method, or the inner and outer electrode layers can be hot bonded with different materials. The piezoelectric composite material 10 of the plate can also be hot-pressed to form a variety of extended components such as curved surfaces, waves, and rings, which increases the applicability of the present invention.

Step S3: Perform thickness polarization or surface polarization on the piezoelectric composite material to generate at least one polarization functional area to produce a piezoelectric element.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, after the piezoelectric composite material 10 of the present invention is formed, the piezoelectric composite material 10 can be subjected to DC high-voltage electric field thickness polarization (thickness poling) and interdigitated surface polarization (surface poling) in the whole or local area according to the use requirements of the piezoelectric element 1 to generate at least one or more polarized functional areas 20 to produce the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention. If a voltage is subsequently applied to the polarized functional area 20 of the piezoelectric element 1, 1a of the present invention, it can be used as an actuator to generate deformation, or the polarized functional area 20, 20a can sense the deformation caused by external force/torque to generate a voltage signal and can be used as a sensor.

It should be noted here that, as shown in FIG4 , thickness polarization is performed by applying a high voltage DC electric field between the upper and lower electrodes. As shown in FIG5 , surface polarization is multi-zone parallel polarization. The piezoelectric composite material 10 of the novel piezoelectric element 1 has the characteristics of high strength, high flexibility, high elasticity, etc., and is suitable for curved surface attachment or wear. Therefore, the novel piezoelectric element 1 can be made into wearable items, such as: clothes, finger cots, gloves, knee cots, etc., to provide large deformation bending and twisting piezoelectric sensing, generate high charge signal output; the input voltage can also produce an actuation effect on the novel piezoelectric element 1.

Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 5 below, and also refer to Figures 6 to 9 for schematic diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention's planar, annular, and cylindrical piezoelectric elements, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention's piezoelectric elements for touch gloves, and a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention's piezoelectric elements for smart clothing.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, in this embodiment, the novel piezoelectric element 1 includes a piezoelectric composite material 10 and at least one polarization functional area 20, and is characterized in that: the piezoelectric composite material 10 is composed of a piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and a thermoplastic elastomer 12 (Thermoplastic elastomers; TPE), wherein the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the thermoplastic elastomer 12 are formed into a piezoelectric mixed blank through a kneading process, and the piezoelectric mixed blank is formed into a piezoelectric composite material 10 after injection and thermoplastic processes, and the piezoelectric composite material 10 is subjected to thickness polarization (thickness poling) or surface polarization (surface poling) to generate at least one polarization functional area 20, wherein the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 is 40% to 80%.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mixing process is to physically mix the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with the molten thermoplastic elastomer 12 (TPE) in a ceramic mixer (without adding chemical solution or surfactant) to form a piezoelectric mixed blank. After the mixing process is completed, the ceramic mixer extrude the piezoelectric mixed blank to form a piezoelectric composite wire. The piezoelectric composite wire is then cut to produce the plastic pellets required for the injection molding machine. These plastic pellets are fed into the injection molding machine and heated and softened. They are squeezed into the mold by the screw and kept under pressure to cool to the softening point of TPE (about 110°C) or the softening point of TPU (about 130°C to 105°C). After demolding, the new piezoelectric composite material 10 is injection molded.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, after the piezoelectric composite material 10 of the present invention is formed, the piezoelectric composite material 10 can be subjected to DC high-voltage electric field thickness polarization (thickness poling) and surface polarization (surface poling) in the whole or local area according to the use requirements of the piezoelectric element 1 to generate at least one or more polarized functional areas 20, thereby forming the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention. If a voltage is subsequently applied to the polarized functional area 20, it can be used as an actuator to generate deformation, or the polarized functional area 20 can sense the deformation caused by external force/torque and generate a voltage signal to be used as a sensor.

It should be noted here that, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 , the novel piezoelectric composite material 10 can be manufactured into a planar piezoelectric element 1 ( FIG. 5 ), an annular piezoelectric element 1b ( FIG. 6 ), a cylindrical piezoelectric element 1c ( FIG. 7 ), and piezoelectric elements 1 in various 3D shapes such as flat plates, tubes, columns, spherical shells, wires, rings, and cylinders according to different mold shapes and actual usage requirements. At the same time, because the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention can be made into wearable articles, such as gloves 1d (Figure 8), finger sleeves, functional clothing 1e (Figure 9), or knee sleeves made of piezoelectric elements 1c, it can provide large deformation bending and twisting piezoelectric sensing to generate high charge signal output; the input voltage can also produce an actuation effect on the piezoelectric element 1 of the present invention.

According to one embodiment, the novel piezoelectric ceramic powder can be a soft piezoelectric ceramic powder (such as: PZT5A, PZT5H) or a hard piezoelectric ceramic powder (such as: PZT4, PZT8), and under the condition that the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 1μm to 20μm, 5μm to 15μm, or 10μm to 20μm, the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and the thermoplastic elastomer 12 in the molten state have a good physical mixing effect and a good polarization effect. In addition, the piezoelectric output characteristics of the novel piezoelectric element are proportional to the content of the piezoelectric ceramic powder, and its flexibility (softness) is proportional to the content of the thermoplastic elastomer. Experiments have found that the piezoelectric composite material 10 made of piezoelectric ceramic powder with a volume ratio of 45% to 85%, 40% to 80%, or 45% to 75% can allow the novel piezoelectric element 1 to simultaneously obtain higher piezoelectricity and flexibility. Correspondingly, the volume ratio of the thermoplastic elastomer 12 is 15% to 55%, 20% to 60%, or 25% to 55%.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the piezoelectric element 1 is an actuator element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 of the piezoelectric composite material 10 used for the aforementioned piezoelectric element 1 is 60% to 80% (high piezoelectric ceramic content), which can achieve the composite characteristics of piezoelectricity and flexibility strength. When the piezoelectric element 1 is a sensing element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 of the piezoelectric composite material 10 used for the aforementioned piezoelectric element 1 is 40% to 60% (low piezoelectric ceramic content), which can achieve the composite characteristics of piezoelectricity and flexibility strength. In terms of weight ratio, the weight ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 to the thermoplastic elastomer 12 is 0.3:1 to 3:1.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic elastomer 12 can be foamed cotton (e.g., foamed cotton used for construction sites or building buffers). By utilizing the characteristics of the foamed cotton, the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with a volume ratio higher than 40% and the foamed cotton (thermoplastic elastomer 12) in a molten state are uniformly physically blended during the mixing process. It should be noted that in order to make the thermoplastic elastomer 12 more elastic, it is recommended that the foamed cotton not undergo a foaming process (no compounds or air that will cause the thermoplastic elastomer 12 to foam) but can still be uniformly mixed. According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic elastomer 12 is a thermoplastic polymer material (TPU). The TPU used in this embodiment is a polymer elastomer without plasticizer, or TPU foam cotton currently commonly used in shoe outsoles (as a buffer to absorb walking shock waves). By utilizing the material properties of the foam cotton, the piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 with a volume ratio higher than 40% and the foam cotton (thermoplastic elastomer 12) are uniformly physically blended during the mixing process, and no compounds or air that will foam the thermoplastic elastomer 12 are added during the blending process.

This new process uses piezoelectric ceramic powder 11 and molten thermoplastic elastomer 12 (such as TPE, foam, TPU, or TPU foam) to directly mix physically (without adding chemical solvents) and then undergo high-pressure hot injection molding or hot pressing molding to produce piezoelectric composite materials with high density, high strength, high flexibility, large-size flat panels of different thicknesses and 3D components. This new process without adding chemical solutions not only simplifies the process steps of piezoelectric composite materials 10 and reduces the production cost of piezoelectric components, but also reduces the harm of chemical solutions to the environment.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of explanation. The scope of rights claimed by this new model shall be subject to the scope of the patent application, and shall not be limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.

1d: Piezoelectric element

10d: Piezoelectric composites

20d: Polarized functional area

Claims (12)

A piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric composite material and at least one polarization functional area, wherein the piezoelectric composite material is composed of piezoelectric ceramic powder and thermoplastic elastomer. elastomers; TPE), wherein the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the thermoplastic elastomer are formed into a piezoelectric mixed blank through a kneading process, and the piezoelectric mixed blank is subjected to injection and thermoplastic processes to make the piezoelectric composite material into a flat plate, a tube, a column, a spherical shell, a wire, a ring, a cylinder, a glove shape, or a clothing shape, and the at least one polarization functional area is located on the piezoelectric composite material in the shape of the flat plate, the tube, the column, the spherical shell, the wire, the ring, the cylinder, the glove shape, or the clothing shape to form the piezoelectric element, wherein the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40% to 80%. The piezoelectric element as described in claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is foam. The piezoelectric element as described in claim 2, wherein no chemical solution or surfactant is added in the mixing process, and the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the thermoplastic polymer material are only physically blended. The piezoelectric element as described in claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is a thermoplastic polymer material (THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE; TPU). A piezoelectric element as described in claim 4, wherein no chemical solution or surfactant is added during the mixing process, and the piezoelectric ceramic powder and the thermoplastic polymer material are only physically blended. A piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 2 to claim 5, wherein the foam has not undergone a foaming process. A piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein the particle size of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 1 μm to 20 μm. A piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder to the thermoplastic elastomer is 0.3:1 to 3:1. For a piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, when the piezoelectric element is an actuator element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 60% to 80%. For a piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, when the piezoelectric element is a sensing element, the volume ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic powder is 40% to 60%. A piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein the at least one polarization functional region is a plurality of polarization functional regions. A wearable article, comprising a piezoelectric element as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 5, wherein the at least one polarization functional region is a plurality of polarization functional regions.