M382663 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 種超音波線性 本新型是有關於一種馬達，特別是指 馬達。 【先前技術】 馬達被廣泛地使用在機械設備作為動力來源立 磁馬達是以電力產生磁力，進而將磁力棘 ’、電 刀得換成動力的裝置 ，由於電磁馬達的運作原理導致體積M382663 V. New description: [New technical field] Ultrasonic linearity This new type is related to a motor, especially a motor. [Prior Art] The motor is widely used as a power source for mechanical equipment. The magnetic motor is a device that generates magnetic force by electric power, thereby replacing the magnetic spine and the electric knife with power, and the volume is caused by the operating principle of the electromagnetic motor.
勿糨小，因此體積 始終是電磁馬達的難以克服的瓶頸，另外 r電力所產生的 磁力也會對精密的儀器產生干擾。 而超音波馬達克服了體積與磁力的瓶頭，使馬達的應 用往更微小的領域邁進，超音波馬達是使用壓電材料製成 ，壓電材料會因為輸入電力而產生形變，並藉由電力產生 形變的方式將電力轉換為動力，因此超音波馬達不會產生 磁力而干擾精密儀器的運作。 參閱圖1，中華民國公告第301354號「超音波馬達」 發月專利案所揭露之超音波馬達1，包含一金屬管11 ,及一 個連接於該金屬管u側壁面的壓電片12。藉由分別施加不 同極性的電壓於所述壓電片12上，可使所述壓電片12分 別產生不同形變。將電力轉換為動力的過程是由於該金屬 官11具有撓性，因此不斷改變輸入電壓的極性就能使所述 壓電片12連動該金屬管11產生偏心運動。 然而’現有超音波馬達1的所述壓電片12是連接於該 金屬管11側壁面上，並是藉由輸入的電壓不斷改變，使所 3 述壓電片12不斷產生形變而驅動該金屬管丨丨產生動力，但 是所述壓電片12與該金屬管11的接觸面積小，因此所述壓 電片12經過不斷的形變後，十分容易由該金屬管^脫落， 且設置於該金屬管11側壁面會導致所述壓電片12產生的動 力在傳導時形成分力而無法充分地傳導至該金屬管丨丨上。 因此’現有超音波馬達1的所述壓電片12有容易脫落 與傳導效率不佳等缺點，因此有必要尋求改善的方法。 【新型内容】 因此，本新型之目的，即在提供一種驅動效率高且壓 電片不易脫落的超音波線性馬達。 於是，本新型超音波線性馬達適用於驅使至少一個工 作物移動，该超音波線性馬達包含一支用以穿設該工作物 的軸桿，及至少一驅動單元。 s亥驅動單元是套設於該軸桿上，並包括一片具有撓性 的基板，及一片可加入電場而產生形變的第一壓電片，該 第一壓電片連動该基板彎折，並產生推動該軸桿位移的作 用力，進而使該工作物沿該轴桿移動。 本新型之功效在於：由於該第一壓電片與該基板的結 合面積較大，因此結合較為穩固，使該第一壓電片不易因 長期彎折而脫落，且該軸桿是穿設於該驅動單元，因此由 形變所產生的作用力之傳輪效率較高。 【實施方式】 有關本新型之前述及其它技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之五個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 在本新型被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在以下的說 明中’類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 參閱圖2，本新型超音波線性馬達2的第一較佳實施例 包含一支軸桿21 ’及一個驅動單元22。 該驅動單元22包括一片套設於該軸桿21上的基板221 ’及分別緊密設置於該基板221相反兩面的一片第一壓電 片222與一片第二壓電片223。 參閱圖3,該軸桿21具有一個溝槽211,而在本第一較 佳實把例中，該軸桿21是用以穿設於一個工作物3(見圖2) 上0 s玄基板221具有一個板體224、一個形成於該板體224 中央並用以套入該軸桿21的軸孔225、多數個相間隔地由 δ玄板體224内周緣朝該轴孔225中心方向延伸並用以卡設 於該軸桿21之溝槽211的彈抵部226，及一個由該板體224 周緣朝达離該轴孔225方向延伸的電極部227。 再參閱圖2，該第一壓電片222與該第二壓電片223是 可以藉由輸入電場而改變形狀，特別說明的是，在本實施 例中該第一壓電片222與該第二壓電片223是使用SLP粉 體所製成，當然也可以使用其它壓電材料取代。另外，該 第一、二壓電片222、223也可以是多層壓電片結構。此外 ’壓電片為單層或多層結構體，已為業界所週知並廣泛使 用，故不多加欽述。 其中’該基板221可以是以如銅片等金屬材質所製成 M382663 ，但也可以是以壓電陶瓷材料所製成之壓電片以形成多層 壓電片結構’或是其它具有導電性的片材取代。由於該基 板22 1材料的選用為熟悉該項領域技藝者可輕易轉用故 於此不再多加贅述》 參閱圖2與圖4,在使用時，先將一電線4電連接於該 基板221的電極部227，再將一組極性相反的控制訊號$分 別輸入於該第一壓電片222與該第二壓電片223，該控制訊 號5包括一個迅速地提升電壓的升壓階段51，及一個緩慢 地降低電壓的降壓階段52。 參閱圖4與圖5，在該控制訊號5為升壓階段51時， 該控制訊號5會使該第—壓電片出延伸，並使該第二壓 電片223壓縮，也就是使該第一壓電片222與該第二壓電 片223呈現相反狀態的形變。由於該基板22ι具有撓性， 且該第-壓電# 222與第二屋電片223皆緊密連接於該基 板221相反兩側，因此當該第—壓電片以延伸且該第二 塗電片223壓縮時會連動該基板221 |生彎曲，並藉由所 述彈抵。P 226推動該軸桿21的溝槽2ιι，使該轴桿迅速 ^朝個第—方向6移動。雖然、該工作物3是套設於該轴 孝干21上’但並非是以緊配合的形式因此當該軸桿21迅 速也朝帛方向6移動時，該軸桿21與該工作物3之間 :摩擦力為較小的動摩擦力，而使該工㈣3無法藉著摩 擦力隨著該轴桿21朝該第—方向6移動。 參閱圖4盘f. 如 一 在该控制訊號5為降壓階段52時， ^制《 5會緩慢地降低使該驅動單元22逐漸恢 6 M382663 復不彎曲的狀態而回到原來的位置。由於該軸桿21是缓慢 地移動’且在移動速度緩慢時該軸桿21與該工作物3之間 為靜摩擦力，因此摩擦力較大，藉由該轴桿21與該工作物 3之間的摩擦力，而可以連動該工作物3朝一相反於該第一 方向6的第二方向7移動。 當该控制訊號5為連續且重覆進行升壓階段5 1與降壓 階段52 ’就可以使該驅動單元22連動該軸桿21重覆進行Don't be small, so the volume is always an insurmountable bottleneck of the electromagnetic motor. In addition, the magnetic force generated by the r power can also interfere with the precision instrument. The ultrasonic motor overcomes the volume and magnetic bottle head, making the application of the motor move to a smaller area. The ultrasonic motor is made of piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric material is deformed by the input power and is powered by electricity. The way in which deformation occurs converts electricity into power, so the ultrasonic motor does not generate magnetic forces and interferes with the operation of precision instruments. Referring to Fig. 1, an ultrasonic motor 1 disclosed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 301354, "Ultra-sonic Motor", comprises a metal tube 11 and a piezoelectric piece 12 connected to a side wall surface of the metal tube u. The piezoelectric sheets 12 can be made to have different deformations by applying voltages of different polarities to the piezoelectric sheets 12, respectively. The process of converting electric power into power is due to the flexibility of the metal member 11, so that constantly changing the polarity of the input voltage causes the piezoelectric sheet 12 to interlock the metal tube 11 to generate an eccentric motion. However, the piezoelectric sheet 12 of the conventional ultrasonic motor 1 is connected to the side wall surface of the metal tube 11, and is continuously changed by the input voltage, so that the piezoelectric sheet 12 is continuously deformed to drive the metal. The tube generates power, but the contact area of the piezoelectric sheet 12 and the metal tube 11 is small, so that the piezoelectric sheet 12 is easily deformed by the metal tube after being continuously deformed, and is disposed on the metal. The side wall surface of the tube 11 causes the power generated by the piezoelectric sheet 12 to form a component force upon conduction and is not sufficiently conducted to the metal tube. Therefore, the piezoelectric sheet 12 of the conventional ultrasonic motor 1 has disadvantages such as easy peeling and poor conduction efficiency, and therefore it is necessary to seek an improved method. [New content] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic linear motor which has high driving efficiency and is not easily peeled off from the piezoelectric sheet. Thus, the novel ultrasonic linear motor is adapted to drive at least one crop movement, the ultrasonic linear motor comprising a shaft for threading the workpiece, and at least one drive unit. The s-hai drive unit is sleeved on the shaft and includes a flexible substrate, and a first piezoelectric piece that can be deformed by adding an electric field, and the first piezoelectric piece is connected to the substrate to be bent, and A force is generated that urges the shaft to move, thereby moving the workpiece along the shaft. The effect of the novel is that: because the bonding area of the first piezoelectric piece and the substrate is large, the bonding is relatively stable, so that the first piezoelectric piece is not easily peeled off due to long-term bending, and the shaft is worn on The driving unit, therefore, the transmission force generated by the deformation is high. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. Referring to Figure 2, a first preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor 2 includes a shaft 21' and a drive unit 22. The driving unit 22 includes a substrate 221 ′ disposed on the shaft 21 and a first piezoelectric piece 222 and a second piezoelectric piece 223 respectively disposed on opposite sides of the substrate 221 . Referring to FIG. 3, the shaft 21 has a groove 211. In the first preferred embodiment, the shaft 21 is used to pass through a workpiece 3 (see FIG. 2). The 221 has a plate body 224, a shaft hole 225 formed in the center of the plate body 224 for inserting the shaft 21, and a plurality of spaced apart holes extend from the inner periphery of the δ 玄 plate body 224 toward the center of the shaft hole 225. The spring abutting portion 226 of the groove 211 of the shaft 21 is inserted, and an electrode portion 227 extending from the periphery of the plate body 224 toward the shaft hole 225. Referring to FIG. 2, the first piezoelectric sheet 222 and the second piezoelectric sheet 223 can be changed in shape by inputting an electric field. Specifically, in the embodiment, the first piezoelectric sheet 222 and the first portion The two piezoelectric sheets 223 are made of SLP powder, and of course other piezoelectric materials may be used instead. Further, the first and second piezoelectric sheets 222 and 223 may be a multilayer piezoelectric sheet structure. In addition, the piezoelectric sheet is a single layer or a multilayer structure, which is well known and widely used in the industry, so it is not necessary to express it. The substrate 221 may be made of a metal material such as a copper sheet, M382663, but may be a piezoelectric sheet made of a piezoelectric ceramic material to form a multilayer piezoelectric sheet structure or other conductive materials. Sheet replaced. Since the material of the substrate 22 1 can be easily used by those skilled in the art, the details are not described herein. Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , in use, a wire 4 is electrically connected to the substrate 221 . The electrode unit 227 further inputs a set of opposite polarity control signals $ to the first piezoelectric piece 222 and the second piezoelectric piece 223, respectively, the control signal 5 includes a step-up phase 51 for rapidly increasing the voltage, and A step-down phase 52 that slowly reduces the voltage. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, when the control signal 5 is the boosting phase 51, the control signal 5 causes the first piezoelectric sheet to extend and compress the second piezoelectric sheet 223, that is, the first A piezoelectric sheet 222 and the second piezoelectric sheet 223 are deformed in an opposite state. Since the substrate 22 is flexible, and the first piezoelectric layer 222 and the second electrical grid 223 are closely connected to opposite sides of the substrate 221, when the first piezoelectric sheet is extended and the second coating is When the sheet 223 is compressed, the substrate 221 is interlocked and bent by the spring. P 226 pushes the groove 2 ι of the shaft 21 so that the shaft moves rapidly toward the first direction 6. Although the work object 3 is sleeved on the shaft filial piety 21, but not in a tight fit, when the shaft 21 is quickly moved in the 帛 direction 6, the shaft 21 and the work object 3 Between: The frictional force is a small dynamic friction force, so that the work (4) 3 cannot move along the shaft 21 toward the first direction 6 by friction. Referring to Figure 4, the disk f. For example, when the control signal 5 is the step-down phase 52, the system 5 is slowly lowered to return the drive unit 22 to the original position. Since the shaft 21 is slowly moving 'and the static friction between the shaft 21 and the workpiece 3 when the moving speed is slow, the frictional force is large, by the shaft 21 and the workpiece 3 The frictional force can move the workpiece 3 in a second direction 7 opposite to the first direction 6. When the control signal 5 is continuous and repeats the step-up phase 5 1 and the step-down phase 52 ′, the driving unit 22 can be connected to the shaft 21 repeatedly.
圖5與圖6的動作，使該工作物3沿著該軸桿21持續朝該 第—方向7移動。 本新型超音波線性馬達2具有以下優點： 1·壓電片不易脫落： 該第一、第二壓電片222、223是連接於該基板221 的相反兩面，因此接觸面積大，當然結合也較為緊密不 易因長期的形變彎折，而導致該第一、第二壓電片222、 223與或基板221分離。相較於現有超音波馬達是設置於The action of Figures 5 and 6 causes the workpiece 3 to continue to move along the axis 21 toward the first direction 7. The ultrasonic ultrasonic motor 2 of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The piezoelectric sheet is not easily detached: the first and second piezoelectric sheets 222 and 223 are connected to opposite sides of the substrate 221, so that the contact area is large, and of course, the combination is also relatively large. It is not easy to be bent by long-term deformation, and the first and second piezoelectric sheets 222 and 223 are separated from the substrate 221 . Compared to the existing ultrasonic motor is set to
金屬s側壁面，因此接觸面積較小，經過不斷形變容易導 致所述壓電片脫落。 2.作用力傳輸效率高： 該軸桿21是穿設於該駆動單元22中央，另外該第一 壓電片222與該第二壓電片223是以彼此最大的面積與該 ^ 才目互連接’產生的形變也能連動該基板221產生 相同幅度㈣變’因此作用力傳輸效率較高。相較於現有 超音波馬達的壓電片是 置於該金屬管側壁面，會導致所 述壓電片所產生的動力在傳導時會以分力的形式浪費掉， 7 M382663 而無法充分地傳導至該金屬管。 參閱圖7與圖8 ’是本新型超音波線性馬達2的第二較 佳實把例該第_較佳實施例大致類似於該第—較佳實施 例，不同之處在於：马其纪丄 基板221還具有二個分別由該板體 224相反兩周緣朝遠離該轴孔225方向延伸的固定部⑵， 在使用時是將任-個时部228較於—個設置物8上， 藉由該設置物8提供該驅動單元22穩固的支撐。 參閱圖9 ’是本新型超音波線性馬達2的第三較佳實施 例’該第三較佳實施例大致類似於該第二較佳實施例，不 同之處在於·在該第三較佳實施例中該驅動單元Μ的數量 為三’其中’以圖9的方向視之’二個驅動單元22設置於 該軸桿21左端，一個驅動單元22設置於該軸桿η右端。 相較於該第二較佳實施例，該第三較佳實施例藉由外 置於該軸桿21兩端的驅動單元22可以使該工作物3沿： 軸桿2^往返移動。另外，藉由設置於該㈣21左端㈣ 述驅動早το 22相配合以提升驅動該工作物3的驅動能力。 參閱圖10,是本新型超音波線性馬達2的第四較佳實 施例’該第四較佳實施例大致類似於該第二較佳實施例， 不同之處在於：在該第四較佳實施例中該驅動單元Μ的數 量為三，該工作物3的數量為二。 所述驅動單元22是相間隔地設置於該轴桿21上，所 這工作物3疋套5又於该轴桿η上並位於所述驅動單元η 之間。 相較於該第二較佳實施例，該第四較佳實施例藉由設 8 M382663 置於該轴桿21上的所述驅動單元22可以同時驅動所述工 作物3沿該軸桿21往返移動。 參閱圖U，疋本新型超音波線性馬達2的第五較佳實 鈀例該第五較佳實施例大致類似於該第一較佳實施例， :同之處在於··該驅動單元22為矩形，藉此提供另一種實 U田然，该驅動單元22也可以依照實際使用情況而 設計成其它形狀。The metal s side wall surface is therefore small in contact area, and it is easy to cause the piezoelectric piece to fall off after continuous deformation. 2. The force transmission efficiency is high: the shaft 21 is disposed at the center of the swaying unit 22, and the first piezoelectric piece 222 and the second piezoelectric piece 223 are mutually largest in area with each other. The resulting deformation of the connection can also interlock the substrate 221 to produce the same amplitude (four) change 'so the force transmission efficiency is higher. Compared with the piezoelectric sheet of the existing ultrasonic motor, the piezoelectric sheet is placed on the side wall surface of the metal tube, which causes the power generated by the piezoelectric sheet to be wasted in the form of component force when conducting, 7 M382663 and cannot be sufficiently conducted. To the metal tube. Referring to Figures 7 and 8' is a second preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor 2. The preferred embodiment is substantially similar to the first preferred embodiment, except that: The substrate 221 further has two fixing portions (2) respectively extending from opposite edges of the plate body 224 away from the shaft hole 225, and in use, any one of the time portions 228 is compared with the one of the objects 8 by This arrangement 8 provides a solid support for the drive unit 22. Referring to FIG. 9 ' is a third preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor 2'. The third preferred embodiment is substantially similar to the second preferred embodiment, except that in the third preferred embodiment In the example, the number of the driving unit Μ is three', wherein 'the two driving units 22 are disposed at the left end of the shaft 21 in the direction of FIG. 9, and one driving unit 22 is disposed at the right end of the shaft η. Compared with the second preferred embodiment, the third preferred embodiment can move the workpiece 3 back and forth along the shaft 2 by the driving unit 22 disposed at both ends of the shaft 21. In addition, by driving at the left end (4) of the (4) 21, the driving is performed to match the driving ability of the workpiece 3 to be driven. Referring to FIG. 10, a fourth preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor 2 is substantially similar to the second preferred embodiment, except that in the fourth preferred embodiment In the example, the number of the driving unit Μ is three, and the number of the working objects 3 is two. The driving unit 22 is disposed on the shaft 21 at intervals, and the workpiece 3 is further disposed on the shaft η between the driving unit n. Compared with the second preferred embodiment, the fourth preferred embodiment can simultaneously drive the workpiece 3 along the shaft 21 by the drive unit 22 disposed on the shaft 21 with 8 M382663. mobile. Referring to Figure U, a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first preferred embodiment. The same is true in that the drive unit 22 is Rectangle, thereby providing another kind of real U Ran, the drive unit 22 can also be designed into other shapes according to actual use.
综上所述，本新型超音波線性馬達2的該第一麼電片 222、該第二虔電片⑵與該基板221之間的連接面較大， 因此結合更為穩固’不會因長期的形變彎折而導致該第一 壓電片222或該第二屢電片如藝該基板22ι。另外，該 軸桿是穿設於該驅動單元22中央，另外該第一壓電片 222與該第二壓電片223是以彼此最大的面積連接於該基板 221上，因此作用力的傳遞效率較高相較於現有超音波馬In summary, the first galvanic piece 222, the second cymbal piece (2) of the ultrasonic motor 2 of the present invention has a larger connection surface with the substrate 221, so that the combination is more stable 'not long-term The deformation of the first piezoelectric piece 222 or the second secondary electric piece is caused by the deformation of the substrate. In addition, the shaft is disposed in the center of the driving unit 22, and the first piezoelectric piece 222 and the second piezoelectric piece 223 are connected to the substrate 221 with the largest area of each other, so the force transmission efficiency is Higher than existing ultrasonic horses
達的壓電片容易脫落且傳輸效率較差，故確實能達成本新 型之目的。 准以上所述者，僅為本新型之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本新型實施之範圍，即大凡依本新型中請專利 範圍及新型說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本新型專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一剖視圖，說明現有超音波馬達； 圖2是-前視圖，說明本新型超音波線性馬達的第一 較佳實施例； 9 M382663 圖3是一側視剖視圖，沿著圖2的基板與該第二壓電 片之間，用以說明該第一較佳實施例之該基板的所述彈抵 部卡入於該軸桿的溝槽内； 圖4是一示意圖，說明該第一較佳實施例之控制訊號 的訊號模式； 圖5是一前視剖視圖，說明該第一較佳實施例在該升 壓階段的態樣； 圖6是-前視剖視圖’說明該第一較佳實施例在該降 壓階段的態樣； 圖7是-側視剖視圖，說明本新型超音波線性馬達之 第二較佳實施例； 圖8是一刖視圖，輔助說明圖7 ; 圖9是-前視圖，說明本新型超音波線性馬達之第三 較佳實施例； — 圖10是一前視圖 較佳實施例；及 說明本新型超音波線性馬達之第四 說明本新型超音波線性馬連之 圖11是一側視剖視圖 第五較佳實施例。 10 M382663 【主要元件符號說明】 2 ..........本新型超音波線 227 .......電極部 性馬達 21 .........軸桿 211 .......溝槽 22 .........驅動單元 221 .......基板 222 .......第一壓電片 223 .......第二壓電片 224 .......板體 225 .......軸孔 226 .......彈抵部 228 .......固定部 3 ..........工作物 4 ..........電線 5 ..........控制訊號 51 .........升壓階段 52 .........降壓階段 6 ..........第一方向 7 ..........第二方向 8 ..........設置物 11The piezoelectric sheet is easy to fall off and the transmission efficiency is poor, so it is indeed possible to achieve the purpose of this new type. The above-mentioned ones are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the patent scope and the new description contents in the present invention. , are still within the scope of this new patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional ultrasonic motor; Fig. 2 is a front view showing a first preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor; 9 M382663 Fig. 3 is a side sectional view, Between the substrate of FIG. 2 and the second piezoelectric sheet, the spring abutting portion of the substrate of the first preferred embodiment is inserted into the groove of the shaft; FIG. 4 is a FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view showing the first preferred embodiment in the boosting phase; FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the control signal of the first preferred embodiment; FIG. FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view showing a second preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor; FIG. 8 is a side view, an auxiliary explanatory view 7 is a front view showing a third preferred embodiment of the novel ultrasonic linear motor; FIG. 10 is a front view of a preferred embodiment; and a fourth description of the novel ultrasonic linear motor Ultrasonic linear Malian Figure 11 is a side view of the fifth section Preferred embodiment. 10 M382663 [Description of main component symbols] 2 .......... This new type of ultrasonic wave 227 .... electrode partial motor 21 ......... shaft 211 . ... trench 22 .... drive unit 221 . . . substrate 222 .... first piezoelectric sheet 223 .... Second piezoelectric piece 224 . . . plate body 225 . . . shaft hole 226 ....... spring abutment portion 228 ... ... fixed portion 3 ... .......work 4 ..........wire 5 .......... control signal 51 ......... boost phase 52 .. .......Buck phase 6 ..........first direction 7 ..........second direction 8 .......... setting Object 11