TWI901365B - Multifunction ship-specific desulfurization system having substantial environmental effects and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A multifunction ship-specific desulfurization system having substantial environmental effects and a device thereof are disclosed. The main objective is to apply a closed-loop desulfurization circulation system to desulfurize sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas through a neutralizing agent, and to purify the flue gas, so that the generated flue gas will meet the standards of MARPOL Annex Regulations. Lime is added, for example, and react with residues collected and kept in the oxidation area to produce calcium sulfate; calcium sulfate and reactants then are dehydrated and separated through a centrifuge; after the separation treatment, the neutralizing agent undergoes the reduction process and can be recycled for desulfurization treatments again. Waste water will not be discharged to the ocean during the desulfurization process and seawater will not be polluted.

Description

A multifunctional and environmentally friendly ship-specific desulfurization system and its device

The present invention relates to the field of exhaust gas desulfurization technology, and particularly to a ship-specific desulfurization system and device that is multifunctional and has substantial environmental benefits.

Scrubbers installed on ships are used to remove particulate matter and harmful components, such as sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), from exhaust gases produced during the combustion process of marine fuel engines. These systems are already being used to treat exhaust gases from diesel engines, auxiliary diesel engines, and boilers, and were implemented on January 1, 2020, in accordance with the MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Pollution).

The most common desulfurization technology is to introduce seawater to wash away sulfides. However, the acidic seawater after the reaction is directly discharged into the sea, causing ocean water pollution problems.

How to solve the above problems is a topic that relevant industries are actively working to address.

The present invention provides a multifunctional, environmentally friendly, and specialized desulfurization system for ships and its associated equipment. The system utilizes a closed-loop desulfurization cycle to remove sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas using a neutralizer, thereby purifying the exhaust gas and ensuring that the resulting exhaust meets pollution control convention regulations. Furthermore, an oxidation zone, used to collect residuals, is used to react with calcium sulfate, such as lime. This reactant is then separated by centrifugal dehydration, and the neutralizer is reduced to allow further desulfurization treatment. This process prevents wastewater from being discharged into the ocean, thereby preventing water pollution.

The present invention provides a multifunctional, environmentally friendly, and specialized desulfurization system for ships and its associated equipment. The neutralizer is first passed through a jet oscillator to reduce its particle size, and then sprayed into the desulfurization tower's purification chamber using a multi-layer spraying device. Due to the smaller particle size and atomization, the neutralizer can reach a wider range of exhaust gases, removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas, accelerating the desulfurization reaction time and improving efficiency.

The structure of the present invention is installed on a ship and comprises:

a purification tower having an air inlet pipe connected to a diesel engine or a boiler. Exhaust gas generated by combustion in the diesel engine or boiler is pressurized by a turbine and then oxygenated and directed into the purification tower;

The purification tower comprises, from top to bottom, a mesh-type mist eliminator, at least one multi-layer spray device, a jet oscillator, an oxidation zone, and an absorption zone, forming a desulfurization gas-liquid mixing zone.

The jet oscillator is located in the absorption zone of the purification tower. The pH value (acid-base value, hereinafter referred to as pH) of the neutralizer in the absorption zone is between 5.1 and 6.3. The jet oscillator oscillates the neutralizer stored in the absorption zone to reduce its particle size. Simultaneously, the neutralizer circulates within the absorption zone under the jet flow of the jet oscillator. Furthermore, multiple pressure pumps are installed at the bottom of the purification tower to introduce the pumped neutralizer into the multi-layer spray devices.

The multi-layer spray devices are installed in the central area of the purification tower. The multi-layer spray devices are equipped with multiple atomizing nozzles. The atomizing nozzles spray a mist of neutralizer into the gas-liquid mixing zone, causing the neutralizer to react with the introduced exhaust gas to produce a desulfurization reaction. The desulfurized gas rises to the side of the mesh demister, while the liquid after the desulfurization reaction sinks to the oxidation zone.

The oxidation zone is connected to an alkaline liquid injection pipe. The pH value of the liquid collected in the oxidation zone is between 4.9 and 5.5. The aforementioned liquid contains sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides. Alkaline agent is injected through the alkaline liquid injection pipe to react and form calcium sulfate ( _Ca2SO4 ). The calcium sulfate is then centrifuged and collected by a centrifuge. The neutralizing agent with a higher pH value flows to the absorption zone _, achieving a closed neutralizing agent circulation.

The mesh-type mist eliminator then captures larger particles in the gas, and the desulfurized gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe at the top of the purification tower.

In this embodiment of the present invention, a funnel-shaped air collection ring is installed at the lower end of the multi-layer spray device. These air collection rings concentrate the exhaust gas in the center of the purification tower and elevate it upward. Pressurized air channels are also provided around the air collection rings, allowing the exhaust gas to circulate within the gas-liquid mixing zone, further increasing its contact with the atomized neutralizer and achieving the purpose of desulfurization.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a gas sensor is provided between the purification tower and the mesh-type mist eliminator.

Through the above description, the characteristics and effects of the present invention are briefly described as follows:

1. The present invention adopts a closed-loop circulation for desulfurization treatment, which does not produce acidic wastewater and prevents discharge into the ocean and causing water pollution.

2. The neutralizer of this invention is first passed through a jet oscillator to reduce the particle size of the neutralizer, and then sprayed into the purification space of the desulfurization tower using a multi-layer spray device. Due to the smaller particle size and atomization, the neutralizer can contact the exhaust gas over a wider range, removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, accelerating the desulfurization reaction time and improving efficiency.

3. Gas collecting rings are installed on the multi-layer spray device to concentrate the exhaust gas. Pressurized air channels are set around the gas collecting rings to circulate the exhaust gas in the gas-liquid mixing area, further increasing its contact with the atomizing neutralizer and achieving the purpose of desulfurization.

As shown in Figure 1, the multifunctional, environmentally friendly, ship-specific desulfurization system and its apparatus, installed on a ship, comprises a purification tower 10 having an air intake 11 connected to a diesel engine 20 or a boiler (not shown). Exhaust gas generated by combustion in the diesel engine 20 or boiler is pressurized by a turbine 12, and then oxygen is directed into the purification tower 10.

Continuing with Figure 1, the purification tower 10 comprises, from top to bottom, a mesh-type mist eliminator 1, a multi-layer spray device 2, a jet oscillator 3, an oxidation zone 4, and an absorption zone 5, which form a desulfurization gas-liquid mixing zone.

As shown in FIG2 , the jet oscillator 3 is installed in the absorption zone 5 of the purification tower 10. The pH value of the neutralizer in the absorption zone 5 is between 5.1 and 6.3 (alkaline). The jet oscillator 3 oscillates the neutralizer W stored in the absorption zone 5 to reduce its particle size. Simultaneously, the neutralizer W circulates within the absorption zone 5 due to the jet flow from the jet oscillator 3. Furthermore, multiple pressure pumps 30 are externally connected to the bottom of the purification tower 10. These pressure pumps 30 introduce the pumped neutralizer W into the multi-layer spray devices 2.

As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the multi-layer spray device 2 is installed in the central area of the purification tower 10. The multi-layer spray device 2 is equipped with multiple atomizing nozzles 21. These atomizing nozzles 21 spray a mist of neutralizer W into the gas-liquid mixing zone, causing the neutralizer W to react with the introduced exhaust gas to produce a desulfurization reaction. The desulfurized gas rises to the side of the mesh demister 1, while the liquid after the desulfurization reaction sinks to the oxidation zone 4.

Continuing with Figures 3 and 4, the multi-layer spraying device 2 is equipped with a funnel-shaped gas collection ring 22 at its lower end. These gas collection rings 22 concentrate the exhaust gas at the center of the purification tower 10 and elevate it upward. Pressurized air channels 23 are also provided around these gas collection rings 22, allowing the exhaust gas to circulate within the gas-liquid mixing zone, further increasing its contact with the atomized neutralizer W and achieving the purpose of desulfurization.

As shown in Figure 5, the oxidation zone 4 is connected to an alkaline liquid injection pipe 41. The pH value of the liquid collected in the oxidation zone 4 is between 4.9 and 5.5. The liquid contains sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides (in this state, the liquid is slightly acidic). Alkaline agent is injected through the alkaline liquid injection pipe 41 to react and form calcium sulfate (gypsum, _Ca2SO4 ). The calcium sulfate is then centrifuged and collected by a _centrifuge 42. The neutralizer W with a higher pH value flows to the absorption zone 5, achieving a closed-loop circulation of the neutralizer W.

As shown in Figure 6, the mesh demister 1 captures larger particles in the gas, and the desulfurized gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 13 at the top of the purification tower 10. A gas sensor 14 is installed between the purification tower 10 and the mesh demister 1. These gas sensors 14 are based on the carbon-sulfur ratio of the purified gas being less than 21.7, which meets the requirements of the pollution prevention convention.

In actual use, the exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 20 or boiler enters the gas-liquid mixing zone of the purification tower 10 through the intake pipe 11; the jet oscillator 3 circulates the neutralizer W in the absorption zone 5, making the particle size of the neutralizer W smaller, and then is sucked into the multi-layer spray device 2 at the upper end by the external pressure pump 30; from the figure, it can be understood that the multi-layer spray device 2 sprays the neutralizer W in a mist through the atomizing nozzle 21, and at the same time cooperates with the air collecting ring 22 and the pressure pump 30 to spray the neutralizer W. The air passage 23 causes the waste gas to circulate continuously in the gas-liquid mixing zone in a flocculent state, increasing its contact with the atomized neutralizer W, thereby achieving the purpose of desulfurization. The desulfurized gas flows to the top of the purification tower 10, and the neutralizer W with sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide particles after the reaction falls into the oxidation zone 4. Alkaline liquid (such as lime) is injected through the alkaline liquid injection pipe 41. The alkaline agent injected through the alkaline liquid injection pipe 41 reacts to form calcium sulfate (gypsum, Ca ₂ SO ₄ ) and collects the calcium sulfate through a centrifugal device 42. The neutralizer W with a higher pH value flows to the absorption zone 5, achieving a closed-loop circulation of the neutralizer W. Therefore, no wastewater is generated during the desulfurization process and there is no need to discharge the wastewater into the ocean. The mesh-type mist eliminator 1 captures larger gas particles, and the desulfurized gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 13 at the top of the purification tower 10. The carbon-sulfur ratio of the discharged gas is less than 21.7, which meets the requirements of the pollution prevention convention.

In addition, the structure of the present invention reduces the structural volume, and the overall volume is only 1/8 of the existing desulfurizer, making it easier to install or modify on ships.

In summary, the structure of this invention has not been seen in any books or publications or used publicly. It truly meets the requirements for invention patent application. We sincerely request that the Bureau examine this invention and grant the patent as soon as possible. I would be very grateful.

It should be noted that the above description is a specific embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Any changes made based on the concept of the present invention that still produce functions within the spirit of the description and drawings should be stated within the scope of the present invention.

10: Purification tower 11: Intake pipe 12: Turbine 13: Exhaust pipe 14: Gas sensor 20: Diesel engine 30: Booster pump 1: Mesh mist eliminator 2: Multi-layer spray device 21: Atomizing nozzle 22: Air collecting ring 23: Pressurized air duct 3: Jet oscillator 4: Oxidation zone 41: Alkaline liquid injection pipe 42: Centrifuge 5: Absorption zone W neutralizer

Figure 1: System diagram of the present invention. Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the absorption zone. Figure 3: Structure diagram of the multi-layer spray device. Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the multi-layer spray device. Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the circulation of the oxidation zone. Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the mesh mist eliminator.

10: Purification Tower

11: Intake pipe

12: Turbine

13: Exhaust pipe

14: Gas sensor

20: Diesel engine

30: Pressure pump

1: Mesh type mist eliminator

2: Multi-layer spray device

21: Atomizing nozzle

22: Gas Ring

23: Pressurized air channel

3: Jet Oscillator

4: Oxidation Zone

41: Alkaline liquid injection tube

42: Centrifugal equipment

5: Absorption zone

Claims (2)

A multifunctional, environmentally friendly, ship-specific desulfurization system and its device, installed on a ship, comprises: a purification tower having an air inlet connected to a diesel engine or a boiler. Exhaust gas generated by combustion in the diesel engine or boiler is pressurized by a turbine and then oxygenated into the purification tower. The purification tower comprises, from top to bottom, a desulfurization gas-liquid mixing zone consisting of a mesh demister, at least one multi-layer spray device, a jet oscillator, an oxidation zone, and an absorption zone. The jet oscillator is located in the absorption zone of the purification tower. The pH value (acid-base value, hereinafter referred to as pH) of the neutralizer in the absorption zone is between 5.1 and 6.3. The jet oscillator oscillates the neutralizer stored in the absorption zone to reduce its particle size. Simultaneously, the neutralizer circulates within the absorption zone under the jet flow of the jet oscillator. Furthermore, multiple pressure pumps are installed at the bottom of the purification tower to introduce the pumped neutralizer into the multi-layer spray devices. The multi-layer spray devices are installed in the central area of the purification tower. The multi-layer spray devices are equipped with multiple atomizing nozzles. The atomizing nozzles spray a mist of neutralizer into the gas-liquid mixing zone, causing the neutralizer to react with the introduced exhaust gas to produce a desulfurization reaction. The desulfurized gas rises to the side of the mesh demister, while the liquid after the desulfurization reaction sinks to the oxidation zone. The oxidation zone is connected to an alkaline liquid injection pipe. The pH value of the neutralizer collected in the oxidation zone is between 4.9 and 5.5. The aforementioned liquid contains sulfur oxides or nitrogen oxides. The alkaline liquid is injected through the alkaline liquid injection pipe to react and form calcium sulfate (Ca2SO4). The calcium sulfate is then centrifuged and collected by a centrifuge. The neutralizer with a higher pH value flows to the absorption zone, achieving a closed-loop circulation of the neutralizer. The mesh-type mist eliminator then captures larger particles in the gas, and the desulfurized gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe at the top of the purification tower . The lower end of the multi-layer spray device is equipped with a funnel-shaped air collection ring. These air collection rings collect the exhaust gas in the center of the purification tower and rise upward. Pressurized air channels are also installed around the air collection rings, allowing the exhaust gas to circulate within the gas-liquid mixing zone, further increasing its contact with the atomizing neutralizer and achieving the purpose of desulfurization. As described in claim 1, a ship-specific desulfurization system and device having both multifunctional and substantial environmental benefits, wherein a gas sensor is provided between the purification tower and the mesh-type demisting device.