TWI901261B - Nickel copper zinc ferrite and manufacturing method and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A nickel copper zinc ferrite and manufacturing method and use thereof are provided. The method comprises the steps of weighing Fe₂O₃, CuO, Ni₂O₃, and ZnO, and mixing them to obtain a first mixture, wherein based on the total molar number of the first mixture, the molar percentage concentration of Fe₂O₃is between 51 mol% and 53 mol%; after wet mixing the first mixture with grinding balls and water and calcining, adding CaO, SiO₂, MgO, Mn₃O₄and Bi₂O to obtain a second mixture; wet grinding and sintering the second mixture to obtain the nickel copper zinc ferrite. The nickel copper zinc ferrite has magnetic properties of μi between 300 and 350, Bs between 4150 G and 4250 G, Br/Bs (SQ) between 0.5 and 0.85, and Hc between 0.6 Oe and 1.2 Oe. The nickel copper zinc ferrite may be used in components in the field of high-frequency microwave communications.

Description

Nickel-copper-zinc ferrite and its preparation method and use

The present invention relates to a nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, particularly a nickel-copper-zinc ferrite having a specific composition. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite and its application in high-frequency microwave communications.

Nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite (NiCuZn ferrite) is a common magnetic material. Due to its excellent properties, such as high magnetic permeability, low dielectric constant, and low dielectric loss after sintering in air, NiCuZn ferrite is often used for filtering in 3C systems. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of technology, the development of microwave communication technology has also matured. Therefore, magnetic materials, as key components of microwave components, play a vital role and have been widely used in the microwave field, such as in the short-range communication field of wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) systems.

In existing technology, nickel copper zinc ferrite is widely used to make antennas to improve communication distance and sensitivity. The high magnetic permeability of nickel copper zinc ferrite can enhance the magnetic field, thereby increasing the induced voltage of the receiver. The low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss of nickel copper zinc ferrite can reduce the impedance matching problem of the signal, thereby improving overall performance.

However, for longer-distance communication needs, the MHz band used by RFID is no longer sufficient. Because high-frequency microwave signals have (1) shorter wavelengths, which can more easily penetrate thicker obstacles and terrain such as buildings and trees, and (2) better straight-line propagation capabilities, high-frequency microwave signals have lower signal attenuation when transmitted in open areas, enabling longer-distance communication. Therefore, it is necessary to develop materials for the GHz band for applications in communication fields such as satellite communications, radar, radio, wireless television, and wireless networks that need to penetrate buildings and longer distances.

Materials used in high-frequency microwave communications face stringent specifications. They must possess microwave properties such as a high saturation magnetization (4πMs) between 4400 and 4430 G and a narrow ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) between 210 Oe and 240 Oe to ensure the reliability of communications equipment. Furthermore, existing technologies require the use of measurement techniques and costly instrumentation to measure the saturation magnetization (4πMs) and ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), increasing the manufacturing costs of materials used in high-frequency microwave communications.

Therefore, based on the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, developing a nickel-copper-zinc ferrite and its preparation method that can be applied to high-frequency microwave communications, and reducing the cost of measuring the saturation magnetization intensity (4πMs) and ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite are urgent problems to be solved in this field.

To solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing nickel-copper-zinc ferrite by mixing Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, Ni ₂ O ₃ and ZnO in a specific formula to produce nickel-copper-zinc ferrite suitable for components in the field of high-frequency microwave communications.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a nickel-copper-zinc ferrite that can be used in components in the field of high-frequency microwave communications.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite. By measuring the magnetic properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as μ _i , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and Hc, the microwave properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as saturated magnetization (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), can be predicted. Furthermore, the microwave properties of components made from the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as S ₁₁ (return loss) and S ₂₁ (insertion loss), in the Ka-band (27 GHz to 30 GHz) microwave range can be predicted. This reduces the cost of measuring the microwave properties of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite and the components.

To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for preparing nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, comprising: step 1: weighing Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, Ni ₂ O ₃ and ZnO, and mixing them to obtain a first mixture; wherein, based on the total molar number of the first mixture, the molar percentage concentration of Fe ₂ O ₃ is between 51 mol% and 53 mol%, the molar percentage concentration of CuO is between 8.0 mol% and 9.5 mol%, and the molar percentage concentration of Ni ₂ O 3 is between 10.0 mol% and 10.0 mol%. ₃ and ZnO is between 0.8 and 1.0; step 2: wet-mixing the first mixture with grinding balls and water in a ball mill for 1 hour to obtain a first slurry; step 3: drying the first slurry and calcining it in air to obtain magnetic powder; step 4: adding between 0.03 wt% and 0.08 wt% of CaO, between 0.05 wt% and 0.15 wt% of SiO ₂ , between 0.03 wt% and 0.08 wt% of MgO, between 0.05 wt% and 0.15 wt% of Mn ₃ O ₄ and between 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% of Bi ₂ O 4 based on the total weight of the magnetic powder. ₃ is added to the magnetic powder to obtain a second mixture, which is then wet-milled with grinding balls and water using a vibratory mill to a particle size of approximately 1.1 μm to obtain a second slurry; and Step 5: The second slurry is dried to obtain a powder, which is then filled into a plastic mold sleeve and subjected to cold isostatic pressing (CIP). The powder is then sintered at 1000°C in air to obtain nickel-copper-zinc ferrite.

In one embodiment, in step 3, the calcination temperature is between 700°C and 900°C, and the calcination time is between 0.5 hours and 2 hours.

In one embodiment, in step 4, the ratio of the second mixture: grinding balls: water is 1:20:2 to 1:40:4, and the wet grinding time is between 0.5 minutes and 60 minutes.

In one embodiment, in step 5, the sintering temperature is between 980°C and 1200°C, and the sintering time is between 1 hour and 3 hours.

The present invention also provides a nickel-copper-zinc ferrite prepared by a method for preparing nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, wherein the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite has magnetic properties of μ _i between 300 and 350, Bs between 4150 G and 4250 G, Br/Bs (SQ) between 0.5 and 0.85, and Hc between 0.6 Oe and 1.2 Oe.

In one embodiment, the nickel copper zinc ferrite has microwave properties of a saturation magnetization (4πMs) between 4400 G and 4430 G, a ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) between 210 Oe and 240 Oe, and a dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) less than 0.001.

In one embodiment, a device made of nickel copper zinc ferrite has microwave characteristics of S ₁₁ (return loss) > -18 dB and S ₂₁ (insertion loss) > 0.5 dB in the microwave range of the Ka band ( ₂₇ GHz to 30 GHz).

The present invention also provides a use for nickel-copper-zinc ferrite. By using the relatively simple 100 kHz measurement of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite's magnetic properties, including μ _i , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and Hc, the microwave properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, including saturation magnetization (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), can be predicted. This, in turn, allows the suitability of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite for use in high-frequency microwave applications to be determined.

In one embodiment, the magnetic properties of NCuZnF, including _μi , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and Hc, or the microwave properties of NCuZnF, including saturated magnetization (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), are measured to predict the microwave properties of _S11 (return loss) and _S21 (insertion loss) of NCuZnF devices in the Ka-band (27 GHz to 30 GHz) microwave range. Furthermore, the suitability of NCuZnF devices for use in high-frequency microwave applications is predicted.

In one embodiment, nickel copper zinc ferrite can be used in components in the field of high-frequency microwave communications.

The present invention utilizes specific molar percentage _{concentrations} of _Fe₂O₃ , CuO, _Ni₂O₃ , and _ZnO , along with the addition of auxiliary components such as CaO, _SiO₂ , _Bi₂O₃ , MgO, _{and Mn₃O₄} , to produce nickel-copper- _zinc ferrite with gyromagnetic properties (high magnetic permeability and high saturated magnetic flux density). The addition of copper further optimizes the gyromagnetic properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, enabling its application _in components used in high-frequency microwave communications. CaO increases grain boundary resistance, MgO increases grain resistance, and _Bi₂O₃ promotes grain growth.

In addition, the present invention can use a relatively simple 100 kHz frequency to measure the magnetic properties of nickel copper zinc ferrite, such as μ _i , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs) and Hc, to predict the saturation magnetization intensity (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) of nickel copper zinc ferrite, and accelerate the assembly of qualified Ka-band S ₁₁ (return loss) and S ₂₁ The purpose of this research is to address the microwave characteristics of nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite (NiCuZnF) components, which are unable to produce NiCuZnF for use in high-frequency microwave communications. Existing technologies are unable to produce NiCuZnF, which is suitable for use in high-frequency microwave communications. High-cost measurement techniques are required to measure the magnetic properties of NiCuZnF, as well as the microwave characteristics of _S11 (return loss) and _S21 (insertion loss) required for NiCuZnF components in the Ka band.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the other advantages and benefits of the present invention through the disclosures herein. However, the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In other words, the present invention may be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the details in this specification may be modified and altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used in the specification and the appended claims include plural forms. Unless otherwise specified herein, the term "or" used in the specification and the appended claims includes the meaning of "and/or."

Preparation Example 1 Preparation of the First NiCuZnFerrite Sample and the First NiCuZnFerrite Component

Referring to FIG. 1 , the preparation method of the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample and the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element includes: step 1: weighing appropriate weights of Fe ₂ O ₃ , CuO, Ni ₂ O ₃ and ZnO, and mixing them to obtain a first mixture; wherein, based on the total molar number of the first mixture, the molar percentage concentrations of Fe ₂ O ₃ and CuO are 51.4 mol% and 9.1 mol%, respectively, and the molar percentage concentration ratio of Ni ₂ O ₃ to ZnO is 1.0; step 2: wet-mixing the first mixture with grinding balls and water in a ball mill for 1 hour to obtain a first slurry; wherein the ratio of the first mixture to the grinding balls and water is 250 g:1600 g:500 g. cc; Step 3: Drying the first slurry and calcining it in air to obtain magnetic powder; wherein the calcination temperature and time are 850°C and 2 hours respectively; Step 4: Based on the total weight of the magnetic powder, 0.05 wt% of CaO, 0.1 wt% of SiO ₂ , 0.2 wt% of Bi ₂ O ₃ , 0.06 wt% of MgO and 0.1 wt% of Mn ₃ O ₄ are added to the magnetic powder to obtain a second mixture, and then the second mixture is wet-milled with grinding balls and water using a vibration mill for 30 minutes to about 1.1 μm to obtain a second slurry; wherein the ratio of the second mixture to grinding balls and water is 250 g:3000 g:500 cc; Step 5: Filling the powder obtained by drying the second slurry into a plastic mold sleeve with a diameter of 45 mm and a length of 100 mm, cold-isolating the mold sleeve at 2200 kgf/ _cm² , and sintering the mold sleeve at 1000°C in air for 3 hours to obtain a first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite; and Step 6: Grinding the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite to produce a first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample (i.e., a magnetic core) of suitable shape and size and a first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite component for use in high-frequency microwave communications.

Preparation Example 2 Preparation of a second nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite sample, a third nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite sample, a second nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite element, and a third nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite element

The preparation methods of the second NiCuZnFerrite sample, the third NiCuZnFerrite sample, the second NiCuZnFerrite element and the third NiCuZnFerrite element are similar to the preparation methods of the first NiCuZnFerrite sample and the first NiCuZnFerrite element. The difference is that the _Fe2O3 , CuO, _Ni2O weighed in step _{1 3} and ZnO by weight, so as to obtain a second nickel copper zinc ferrite and a third nickel copper zinc ferrite in step 5, and to obtain a second nickel copper zinc ferrite sample, a third nickel copper zinc ferrite sample, a second nickel copper zinc ferrite device and a third nickel copper zinc ferrite device in step 6.

Comparative Example: Preparation of a fourth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite sample, a fifth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite sample, a sixth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite sample, a fourth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite device, a fifth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite device, and a sixth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite device

The preparation methods of the fourth NiCuZnFerrite sample, the fifth NiCuZnFerrite sample, the sixth NiCuZnFerrite sample, the fourth NiCuZnFerrite device, the fifth NiCuZnFerrite device and the sixth NiCuZnFerrite device are similar to the preparation methods of the first NiCuZnFerrite sample and the first NiCuZnFerrite device. The difference is that _{the Fe2O3} , CuO, _Ni2O weighed in step 1 ₃ and ZnO by weight, so as to obtain a fourth nickel copper zinc ferrite, a fifth nickel copper zinc ferrite and a sixth nickel copper zinc ferrite in step 5, and obtain a fourth nickel copper zinc ferrite sample, a fifth nickel copper zinc ferrite sample, a sixth nickel copper zinc ferrite sample, a fourth nickel copper zinc ferrite device, a fifth nickel copper zinc ferrite device and a sixth nickel copper zinc ferrite device in step 6. The molar concentrations of Fe ₂ O ₃ and CuO, and the molar concentration ratios of Ni ₂ O ₃ and ZnO weighed in step 1 when preparing the first nickel copper zinc ferrite sample to the sixth nickel copper zinc ferrite sample are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 The molar concentrations of Fe ₂ O ₃ and CuO, and the molar concentration ratios of Ni ₂ O ₃ and ZnO weighed in step 1 when preparing the first nickel copper zinc ferrite sample to the sixth nickel copper zinc ferrite sample Fe ₂ O ₃ (mol %) CuO (mol%) Ni ₂ O ₃ /ZnO (molar concentration ratio) The first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample 51.4 1.0 9.1 Second nickel copper zinc ferrite sample 53 0.93 8.0 The third nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample 52 0.88 8.6 Fourth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample 47.74 1.01 8.6 Fifth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample 47.53 1.44 8.53 The sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample 48.76 0.92 8.75 Note: The bottom line indicates that the molar percentage concentrations of _Fe2O3 and _CuO exceed the appropriate ranges of _Fe2O3 and _CuO weighed when preparing the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample of the present invention.

Example 1: Magnetic properties and standard microwave properties of the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples were measured, as well as the microwave properties of _S11 (return loss) and _S21 (insertion loss) of the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite elements in the Ka band.

Magnetic properties and standard microwave properties analysis were performed on the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples obtained in Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 2, and the comparative example. The first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples were ground into T16 (outer diameter × inner diameter × thickness = 16 × 6 × 8 mm) to measure magnetic properties such as μi, Bs, Br/Bs (SQ), and Hc. In addition, the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples were ground into discs (ø = 12.73 mm and thickness = 1.53 mm) to measure the saturation magnetization (4πMs), spheres (ø = 1.56 mm) to measure the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and rods (ø = 1.27 mm and L > 20 mm) to measure microwave properties such as the dielectric loss tangent (tanδ). Furthermore, the microwave characteristics of S ₁₁ (return loss) and S ₂₁ (insertion loss) of the first to sixth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite devices were analyzed in the microwave range of the Ka band (27 GHz to 30 GHz).

As shown in Table 2, the results show that compared with the fourth, fifth, and sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples, the first, second, and third NiCuZnFerrite samples have good magnetic properties, such as _μi > 300 (between 300 and 350), Bs > 4000 G (between 4150 G and 4250 G), Br/Bs (SQ) between 0.5 and 0.85, and Hc < 0.85 Oe (between 0.6 Oe and 1.2 Oe). In addition, compared with the fourth, fifth, and sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples, the first, second, and third NiCuZnFerrite samples exhibit good standard microwave properties, including saturation magnetization (4πMs) between 4400 G and 4430 G, ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) between 210 Oe and 240 Oe, and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) less than 0.001. Furthermore, compared to the fourth, fifth, and sixth nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite devices, the first, second, and third nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite devices exhibit excellent microwave characteristics in the Ka-band (27 GHz to 30 GHz) microwave range, meeting specification requirements of _S11 (return loss) > -18 dB and _S21 (insertion loss) > 0.5 dB. Table 2 Magnetic properties and standard microwave properties of the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite samples, and the results of the microwave characteristic analysis of _S11 (return loss) and _S21 (insertion loss) in the Ka band for the first to sixth NiCuZnFerrite elements. The first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample Second nickel copper zinc ferrite sample The third nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample Fourth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample Fifth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample The sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample Magnetic properties μ _i 315 336 305 159 125 185 Bs (G) 4205 4200 4062 3869 3794 2851 Squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs) 0.74 0.81 0.56 0.64 0.69 0.77 Hc (Oe) 0.62 1.16 0.97 2.22 2.69 0.99 Standard microwave characteristics 4πMs(G) 4414 4410 4420 4359 4479 4478 ΔH (Oe) 219 240 238 283 271 246 tanδ 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 0.0008 First nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Second nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Third nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Fourth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Fifth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite element Microwave characteristics in the Ka band S ₁₁ pass through pass through pass through pass through pass through pass through S ₂₁ pass through pass through pass through Failed Failed Failed

Note: The bottom line indicates that the obtained nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample does not have good magnetic properties and standard microwave properties.

Example 2 Observation of the microstructure of the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample and the sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample

Referring to Figure 2, the microstructures of the first and sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite samples were observed under a microscope. The results show that the sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample has poorer pore density than the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample.

As can be seen from the above, the preparation method of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite of the present invention can obtain good magnetic properties such as μ _{i > 300} (between 300 and 350), Bs > 4000 G (between 4150 _G and 4250 G), Br/Bs (SQ) between 0.5 and 0.85, and Hc < 0.85 Oe (between _0.6 Oe and 1.2 Oe), and saturated magnetization (4πMs) between 4400 G and 4430 G by mixing Fe 2 O 3 , CuO, Ni 2 O 3 and ZnO with specific molar percentage concentrations, and then performing wet mixing, calcining, wet grinding and sintering. The nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite samples exhibit excellent standard microwave characteristics, including a ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) between 210 Oe and 240 Oe, a dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) less than 0.001. Furthermore, the first, second, and third nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite components exhibit excellent microwave characteristics in the Ka-band (27 GHz to 30 GHz) with S ₁₁ (return loss) greater than -18 dB and S ₂₁ (insertion loss) greater than 0.5 dB, meeting specification requirements.

Therefore, _the present invention achieves _nickel- copper-zinc ferrite ( _NiCuZn ) with gyromagnetic properties ₍ high permeability and high saturated magnetic flux density) by using specific molar percentage concentrations of _Fe₂O₃ , _CuO , _Ni₂O₃ , and ZnO, and by adding auxiliary components such as CaO, SiO₂, _Bi₂O₃ , MgO, and _Mn₃O₄ . The addition of copper further optimizes the gyromagnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite, enabling its application _in components used in high-frequency microwave communications. CaO increases grain boundary resistance, MgO increases grain resistance, and _Bi₂O₃ promotes grain growth.

In addition, the present invention can use a relatively simple 100 kHz frequency to measure the magnetic properties of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as μ _i , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and Hc, to predict the saturation magnetization intensity (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, which require high-cost measurement technology in existing technology. It also accelerates the S ₁₁ (echo loss) and S ₂₁ required for qualified Ka-band assembly. The purpose of this research is to address the microwave characteristics of nickel-copper-zinc-ferrite (NiCuZnF) components, which are unable to produce NiCuZnF for use in high-frequency microwave communications. Existing technologies are unable to produce NiCuZnF, which is suitable for use in high-frequency microwave communications. High-cost measurement techniques are required to measure the magnetic properties of NiCuZnF, as well as the microwave characteristics of _S11 (return loss) and _S21 (insertion loss) required for NiCuZnF components in the Ka band.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, its preparation method, and uses of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be as set forth in the patent application described below.

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the steps involved in preparing the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample and the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite device of the present invention. Figures 2A and 2B are microscopic observations of the microstructures of the first nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample of the present invention and the sixth nickel-copper-zinc ferrite sample of the comparative example, respectively.

Claims (10)

A method for preparing nickel-copper-zinc ferrite comprises: step 1: weighing _Fe₂O₃ , CuO, _Ni₂O₃ , and ZnO, and mixing them to obtain a first mixture; _wherein , based on the total molar weight of the _first mixture, the molar concentration of _Fe₂O₃ is between ₅₁ mol% and 53 mol%, the molar concentration of CuO is between 8.0 mol% and 9.5 mol%, and the ratio of the molar concentrations of _Ni₂O₃ to _ZnO is between 0.8 and 1.0; step 2: wet-mixing the first mixture with grinding balls and water in a ball mill to obtain a first slurry; Step 3: drying the first slurry and calcining it in air to obtain magnetic powder; Step 4: adding between 0.03 wt% and 0.08 wt% of CaO, between 0.05 wt% and 0.15 wt% of SiO ₂ , between 0.03 wt% and 0.08 wt% of MgO, between 0.05 wt% and 0.15 wt% of Mn ₃ O ₄ and between 0.1 wt% and 0.3 wt% of Bi ₂ O 4 to the total weight of the magnetic powder; ₃ is added to the magnetic powder to obtain a second mixture, and then the second mixture is wet-milled with grinding balls and water using a vibrating mill to obtain a second slurry; and step 5: the powder obtained after drying the second slurry is filled into a plastic mold sleeve, cold-pressed, and sintered in air to obtain the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite. The preparation method as described in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the calcination temperature is between 700°C and 900°C, and the calcination time is between 0.5 hours and 2 hours. The preparation method as described in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the ratio of the second mixture: the grinding balls: the water is 1:20:2 to 1:40:4, and the wet grinding time is between 0.5 minutes and 60 minutes. The preparation method as described in claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the sintering temperature is between 980°C and 1200°C, and the sintering time is between 1 hour and 3 hours. A nickel-copper-zinc ferrite prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite has magnetic properties of μ _i between 300 and 350, Bs between 4150 G and 4250 G, Br/Bs (SQ) between 0.5 and 0.85, and Hc between 0.6 Oe and 1.2 Oe. The nickel-copper-zinc ferrite as described in claim 5, wherein the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite has microwave properties of a saturated magnetization (4πMs) between 4400 G and 4430 G, a ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) between 210 Oe and 240 Oe, and a dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) less than 0.001. The nickel copper zinc ferrite as described in claim 6, wherein a device made of the nickel copper zinc ferrite has microwave characteristics of _S11 (return loss) > -18 dB and _S21 (insertion loss) > 0.5 dB in the microwave range of the Ka band ( ₂₇ GHz to 30 GHz). A use of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite as described in any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the microwave properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as saturation magnetization ( _4πMs ), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), are predicted by measuring the magnetic properties of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite, such as μ i , Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and Hc. The use of nickel-copper-zinc ferrite as described in claim 8, wherein the microwave characteristics of _S11 (return loss) and S21 (insertion loss) in the microwave range of the Ka band (27 GHz to 30 GHz) of a device made of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite are predicted by measuring the magnetic properties of μi, Bs, squareness ratio (SQ; Br/Bs), and _Hc of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite or the microwave characteristics of the saturated magnetization (4πMs), ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH), and dielectric loss tangent ( _tanδ ) of the nickel-copper-zinc ferrite. The nickel copper zinc ferrite as described in claim 9 is used in components in the field of high-frequency microwave communications.