TWI818835B - Biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process - Google Patents

Abstract

A biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process, the manufacturing process is 44-59% of plant fiber powder, 20-29% of starch, 11-23% of bio-based raw materials, 5-10% of water-soluble polymer glue, coupling 3-6% of lubricant and 0.01-0.2% of lubricant are made into raw material granules, and then a heat dryer is used to dry the raw material granules. During production, the raw material granules can be placed in the material tube from the cylinder of the injection molding machine. After melting and kneading at high temperature by the screw, the molten fiber material is filled and injected into the mold. There are a number of tongue depressor cavities in the mold. After the fiber material is filled into the tongue depressor cavity, the fiber material is cooled and shaped. The finished tongue depressor can be removed from the mold, so that the spatula can be made of plant fiber raw materials, reducing the waste of log materials.

Description

Biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process

This invention belongs to a kind of tongue depressor manufacturing invention, especially one that can produce Method for manufacturing a tongue depressor made from decomposable raw materials.

Press, regarding the research and production of biodegradable raw material granule formulations, this case application The person’s previous creation was application number 108102795, an invention patent for the composition of biodegradable plant fiber raw materials and its manufacturing method. This conventional case discloses a raw material granule made of plant fiber. The formula of the raw material granule includes: plant 40-60% fiber powder, 20-30% starch, 10-20% fermented starch plant gum powder, 5-10% water-soluble polymer glue, and 3-5% cellulose; heat and knead the above formula After forming several material strips, a cutting unit is used to cut the material strips into granular shapes to produce raw material pellets. Secondly, the author of this case has two other previous patents that disclosed different raw material pellet formulas, which are application number 110105195 "Composition of plant fiber raw material pellets and application of fiber bottle molding method", and application number 110105196 In the "Fibre Bag Forming Method" patent case, the fiber raw material granule formulas disclosed in these two patent cases are: 41 to 59% plant fiber powder, 21 to 29% starch, and 8 to 28% natural binder. The natural The adhesive is made of starch added with dicarboxylic acid and fermentation bacteria, 6 to 12% of water-soluble polymer glue, 3 to 5% of modifiers, and 0.01 to 0.2% of lubricant. The raw material pellets produced by the above formula can be made into fiber bottles, cans or bags using special machines, replacing plastic container products.

The formulas of the above three previous patents of the applicant mainly use starch fermented plant gum powder, which is a natural adhesive, as the binding medium. After kneading and fusing it with plant fiber powder and starch, the starch and plant fiber powder are made into Long-term aggregation. Natural binders are made by mixing and fermenting starch with bacteria and dicarboxylic acids to modify the starch molecular structure. After heating and gelatinizing the original starch, it will not have much polymerization viscosity, changing the starch molecules and greatly increasing the adhesive properties. Its polymerization power; the natural adhesive is not a commercially available product, but is prepared and produced by the applicant. The production procedure is as follows: S1. Obtain bacterial strains - lactic acid bacteria are generally used. Lactic acid bacteria can be prepared by yourself or purchased from commercially available products. S2. Raw material preparation - This method belongs to the microbial fermentation process. For example, 45kg of starch is put into a barrel with a volume greater than 1.5 cubic meters, about 800kg of water is added, and the liquid source material is obtained through high-pressure spray homogenization and liquefaction. S3. Raw materials are saccharified. Use a high-pressure spray gun to inject the liquid raw materials into a filter press (XMAY-800 filter press can be used). Filter to remove proteins and metal ions. The filter residue can be used as feed. The filtrate is collected in a cylinder and 10kg of Shangwei is added. About 0.3~0.5kg of fermented raw starch, thickening agent, and 5kg of glucose are used to supplement the carbon source. After the cylinder lid is closed, steam is intermittently introduced to saccharify at about 50°C for 4 hours, every 1 hour during the saccharification period. Stir once for 10 minutes. S4. Lactic acid fermentation - add 10% of the total volume of the lactic acid bacteria obtained in step s1 and about 10% of the total volume of dicarboxylic acid into the saccharification liquid. Cover the lid, add steam and raise the temperature to about 37°C for anaerobic cultivation. Intermittent Supply hot steam, keep the fermentation temperature at 50~55 degrees, and ferment for 72-80 hours. During the fermentation period, stir once every 2 hours and stir for 10 minutes each time. S5. Solidification and grinding: place the fermented product at room temperature to solidify, and then grind it into powder to make a natural adhesive.

The production process of the above-mentioned natural adhesive is not only complicated and time-consuming, but the quality stability will also be affected by the error in the proportion of ingredients, so the applicant has the idea of improving the formula. The raw materials for bio-based/bioplastics currently on the market include: polylactic acid (PLA) , polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), aliphatic aromatic copolyester (PBST), poly Vinyl alcohol (PVA), carbon dioxide copolymer, etc. When these bioplastics are used in the manufacture of products, at least 50% of the raw materials must be added. For example, certificate number I599598 is a patent case for a biodegradable film material and its manufacturing method. , which includes: a biodegradable material composed of any one or more of PLA, PBAT and PBS, with a content of 60 to 70% by mass; a food-grade agricultural waste, consisting of starch, fiber, and protein Or the lipid particle size is at least 50 μm or less, and the content is 10 to 30 mass percent; the primary modifier system can be calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder or magnesium silicate salt powder, and the aforementioned quality modifier has a particle size of at least 8 μm or less, and the content is The content is 7 to 29 mass percent; and an organic decomposition bacterial strain is heat-resistant liquefied Bacillus amyloides, with a content of 1 to 3 mass percent; the aforementioned biodegradable materials, food-grade agricultural waste, quality modifiers and organic decomposition bacteria are processed through a process After mixing, it is blown into a biodegradable film with a film thickness of 40μm~60μm.

Although bioplastics can be decomposed by the natural environment, PLA, for example, must be decomposed naturally in a specific environment. Therefore, if the proportion of bioplastics contained in a product is too high and cannot be decomposed naturally in the general environment, it will still cause adverse effects on the ecology. Therefore, how to develop bioplastics that can utilize biomass and reduce the burden on the environment came up with the idea of applying biomass raw materials to previously developed formulas.

In addition, tongue depressors are one of the necessary consumables for physicians during medical consultations. Generally speaking, tongue depressors are made of virgin wood, and more than ten million tongue depressors are used every year, so the demand for wood is huge. This also results in the destruction of ecological resources. In view of this, the author has conducted in-depth discussions on the above-mentioned conventional creation problems, and actively sought solutions through many years of R&D and manufacturing experience in related industries. After long-term efforts in research and development, he finally successfully developed this creation "Biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process" to improve the problems of conventional creation.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a "biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process", which enables the tongue depressor to be made from waste plant fibers and bio-based raw materials mixed with starch, thereby reducing the consumption of native wood and natural Destruction of resources.

In order to achieve the above creative purpose, this creation "raw material composition and production process of biodegradable tongue depressor" includes: A. Obtaining raw material pellets. The ingredients of the raw material pellets include: plant fiber powder 44~59%, starch 20~ 29%, bio-based raw materials 11-23%, water-soluble polymer glue 5-10%, coupling agent 3-6%, and lubricant 0.01-0.2%; the plant fiber powder can be the stems of natural plants, Bark, leaves or peel are used as fiber raw materials. After being crushed and dried, they are processed into powder with a moisture content of less than 20%. The starch can come from bamboo, wheat, potato, corn, sweet potato, cassava, lotus root, rice or algae. plant. The bio-based raw materials can be polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), or polycaprolactone (PCL), aliphatic aromatic copolyester (PBST), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA) ), one or a combination of two or more of carbon dioxide copolymers. By adjusting the ratio of plant fiber powder, starch and bio-based raw materials to approximately 2:1:0.5, the bio-based raw materials can be combined with pure plant fiber powder and starch under minimal conditions. The production of biodegradable raw material pellets can reduce the manufacturing cost of biodegradable raw material pellets and improve production efficiency. B. Drying of raw material pellets, placing the raw material pellets in a hot dryer for drying operations to reduce the moisture contained in the raw material pellets; C. Heating of the raw material pellets, placing the raw material pellets into the barrel of a molding machine, and using After the raw material particles are melted and kneaded at high temperature, the melted fiber raw material is filled into a mold. The mold is equipped with a number of tongue depressor mold cavities, and the fiber raw materials are filled into the tongue depressor mold cavities; D. Cooling molding , after the fiber raw material is filled into the mold cavity of the tongue depressor, the fiber raw material is cooled and shaped; E. demoulding, after the fiber raw material is shaped, the finished tongue depressor product can be demoulded and taken out. In this way, bio-based raw materials are combined with plant fiber and starch within the minimum formula ratio range to produce biodegradable raw material pellets with different raw materials and formula ratios to improve the production efficiency and quality of the raw material pellets, and at the same time make the tongue depressor It can be made from waste plant fiber and bio-based raw materials mixed with starch to reduce the consumption of native wood and the damage to natural resources. Regarding the technology, means and effects used in this creation, a preferred embodiment is given and described in detail below with drawings. It is believed that the above-mentioned purpose, structure and characteristics of this creation can be obtained from it. Deep and specific understanding.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 5. The "Biodegradable Tongue Depressor Raw Material Composition and Manufacturing Process" of the present invention is prepared by blending biodegradable plant-based raw materials and bio-based raw materials into raw material pellets for producing the tongue depressor. Tongue plate (70) product, its overall process steps include:

A. Obtain raw material pellets. The ingredients of the raw material pellets include: 44% to 59% plant fiber powder, starch 20-29%, bio-based raw materials 11-23%, water-soluble polymer glue 5-10%, coupling agent 3-6%, and lubricant 0.01-0.2%; among which:

The plant fiber powder uses the stems, bark, leaves or peels of natural plants as fiber raw materials. After crushing and drying, it is processed into a powder with a moisture content of less than 20%, and its particle size is about 200 to more than 400 mesh.

The starch is a high molecular carbohydrate stored in plants. It can be decomposed into glucose, maltose and other components. It can come from the seeds of ginkgo, bamboo, wheat, potato, corn, sweet potato, cassava, lotus root, rice or algae, beans and other plants. (such as ginkgo, chestnut, peanut, pea, mung bean, red bean, etc.), fruits (such as wild oats, coix, etc.), stems (such as potatoes, konjac, pumpkin, etc.), leaves, roots (such as sweet potato, cassava, etc.).

The bio-based raw material can be polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), aliphatic aromatic copolyester (PBST), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), or carbon dioxide copolymerization Among them, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is the best. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is synthesized by microorganisms as a carbon source and energy reserve, and generally exists in microbial cells in the form of inclusion bodies. Since PHA has different monomer structures, there are many types. There are PHAs composed of short-chain monomers, PHAs composed of medium- and long-chain monomers, and copolymers composed of different types of monomers. To date, several PHAs, including poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 4-hydroxybutyric acid ( P3HB4HB), 3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid copolymer (PHBHHx) and medium and long chain PHA (mcl PHA) have all achieved large-scale production.

This water-soluble polymer glue is used to adjust the viscosity of bio-based raw materials. It can be extracted from natural plant raw materials, such as starch, cellulose or vegetable gum, or it can also be chemically modified natural polymers, such as carboxymethyl starch, Starch acetate. Or it can be a synthetic polymer, including polymer resin and condensation resin, such as polyacrylamide (PAM), hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), etc.

This coupling agent is a multifunctional coupling agent that serves as a bridge between organic and inorganic substances through chemical reactions and can increase the natural adhesive polymerization of starch and plants. The strength, toughness and viscosity of fiber powder when combined are multi-directional.

The lubricant can be primary amide, secondary amide or ethylene distearate amide. Add lubrication during mixing, processing and transportation of these raw materials.

After the above raw materials are obtained, the fiber powder is placed in a first mixing machine (11) for 10 to 30 minutes, and is rotated and kneaded at a high speed of 40 to 60°C and 600 to 1200 RPM to soften the fiber powder. Then, place the starch and coupling agent in the second mixer (12) for 10 to 20 minutes, and rotate and mix at a high speed of 600 to 1200 RPM to activate the fluidity of the powder particles. And use the third mixer (13) to rotate and mix the bio-based raw materials and water-soluble polymer glue at a rotation speed of about 2400 RPM for 10 to 40 minutes to reach a viscous state. Then, the above-mentioned fiber powder, starch, bio-based raw materials and lubricant are mixed and stirred in the fourth mixing machine (14) for 10 to 40 minutes to form comprehensive raw materials.

Then, the comprehensive raw materials are placed in a molding device (20). The molding device (20) is provided with a material inlet (21) at one end and an outlet (22) at the other end. The material inlet (21) is provided with The comprehensive raw materials are poured in, and the outlet (22) is provided with a squeezing plate (23) for molding, and a number of through holes (231) are formed on the squeezing plate (23). A conveying unit (24) is provided between the inlet (21) and the outlet (22). The conveyor unit (24) can transport the comprehensive raw materials from one end of the inlet (21) to the outlet (22). One end is rotated, stirred, conveyed and heated at the same time, so that after passing through the extrusion plate (23), a number of long raw material strips are extruded outward.

Secondly, the conveying unit (24) can be composed of two power screws (25). Each power screw (25) can be composed of four conveying rods (251, 252, 253, 254). Each conveying rod (251, 252, 253, 254) is provided with a blade (255) on the outer edge and is located on the The size of the blade (255) of the first conveyor rod (251) of the material inlet (21) is larger than the blades (255) of the other conveyor rods (252, 253, 254), and the size of the blade (255) of the first conveyor rod (251) of the discharge port (22) is The size of the blades (255) of the four conveying rods (254) is smaller than the blades (255) of the other conveying rods (251, 252, 253), that is, the blades on the outer edges of the conveying rods (251, 252, 253, 254) (255), which is a gradually narrowing change from one end of the inlet (21) to the outlet (22); and the temperature of each conveyor rod (251, 252, 253, 254) uses different temperatures. The controller (not shown in the figure) controls the temperature between 140 and 180°C. Furthermore, the forming device (20) is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes (26) at positions corresponding to the first and second conveying rods (251, 252). The exhaust pipes (26) are connected to a vacuum machine (27). When the first and second conveying rods (251, 252) are allowed to stir and convey the comprehensive raw materials, the moisture and water vapor contained therein can be discharged outward through the exhaust pipes (26); thereby, when the conveying rods When the unit (24) transports the comprehensive raw materials, it first uses the first and second conveying rods (251, 252) to evenly stir the comprehensive raw materials, and then gradually mixes the comprehensive raw materials through the third and fourth conveying rods (253, 254). Extrude outward to form long strips of raw material.

Then, the raw material strips are first cooled by the first cooling system (30), and then the cutting unit (40) is used to cut the raw material strips into granular raw material pellets. The first cooling system (30) includes a conveying platform (31), a power unit (32) located at the end of the conveying platform (31), and a plurality of fans (33) located above the conveying platform (31); The conveyor platform (31) is provided with a plurality of rollers (311), which can be used for the raw material strips to be placed on and moved upward, or the raw material strips can be transported by a conveyor belt, and the power group (32) is used to drive the raw material strips The power source for moving the bar can be composed of two rollers (321) facing each other up and down. The two rollers (321) are separated by a predetermined distance and can be driven to rotate by a power source (322). During transportation, the raw material strips are placed on the conveying platform (31) after being extruded and formed, and the outer ends of the raw material strips are clamped by the two rollers (321). When the raw material strips continue to be extruded and formed, The power source (322) is also started at the same time to drive the raw material strip to move on the conveying platform (31). During the movement of the raw material strip, the fans (33) are used to blow air for cooling.

Secondly, the cutting unit (40) is located outside the adjacent two rollers (321), and has a motor (42) on a tool holder (41). The motor (42) can drive a blade (43) to rotate. , the radius length of the blade (43) is greater than the width of the conveyor platform (31). When the raw material strips pass through the two rollers (321), they will be cut into raw material pellets by the rotating blade (43). In addition, a slide rail (44) is arranged between the bottom of the motor (42) and the tool holder (41), which can move the motor (42) and adjust the cutting position of the blade (43).

After the cutting of the raw material pellets is completed, a second cooling system (50) is used to transport and cool the raw material pellets. The second cooling system (50) includes a collecting barrel (51), a first blower (52), a first cooling barrel ( 53), a second cooling barrel (54), a second blower (55), and a storage barrel (56). A first pipeline (57) is provided between the collecting barrel (51) and the first cooling barrel (53). ), a first and second pipeline (58) between the first cooling barrel (53) and the second cooling barrel (54), and a third pipe is provided between the second cooling barrel (54) and the storage barrel (56) Road (59), and the first blower (52) is located at a suitable location of the first pipeline (57), and the second blower (55) is located at a suitable location of the third pipeline (59); when the After the raw material pellets are cut and formed, they are dropped or poured into the collecting barrel (51). The first blower (52) is first used to pump the raw material pellets to the first cooling barrel (53), and then the first blower (52) is used to pump the raw material pellets to the first cooling barrel (53). The second blower (55) pumps the raw material pellets located in the first cooling barrel (53) to the storage barrel (56). A drop opening (561) is provided at the bottom of the storage barrel (56) to place the packaging bag. The packaging operation is carried out below the blanking port (561) to complete the production of raw material pellets.

B. The raw material pellets are dried. When the raw material pellets are used, the molding machine (60) is used to produce products. When drying, the raw material pellets must first be placed in a hot dryer (not shown in the picture) for drying operation to reduce the moisture contained in the raw material pellets.

C. The raw material pellets are heated and the dried raw material pellets are placed in the molding machine (60). The molding machine (60) can be an injection molding machine or an extraction molding machine. The present invention takes an injection molding machine as an illustrative embodiment. The molding machine (60) has a barrel (61) through which raw material pellets can pass. It is placed in the material tube (62). The material tube (62) is equipped with a screw (63). The screw (63) is used to rotate at high temperature to melt and knead the raw material particles, and then the molten fiber raw material is filled and ejected to In the mold (64), the mold (64) is provided with a number of tongue depressor mold cavities (641), and the fiber raw materials are filled into the tongue depressor mold cavities (641).

D. After cooling and molding, the molten fiber raw material is filled into the tongue depressor mold cavity (641). The space in the mold (64) can be continuously pressurized, and the fiber raw material can be cooled and shaped.

E. Demold, after the fiber raw material is finalized, the finished product of the tongue depressor (70) can be taken out.

In this way, by using the raw material pellets previously created by the applicant, adding bio-based raw materials and adjusting the proportion of the formula, the production efficiency of biodegradable raw material pellets can be improved, and the manufacturing cost can be relatively reduced. At the same time, the tongue depressor can be used as a It is made from waste plant fiber and bio-based raw materials mixed with starch to reduce the consumption of native wood and the damage of natural resources.

To sum up, this invention has excellent practicality among similar products. At the same time, after searching the technical information and literature about this kind of structure at home and abroad, no similar structure has been found before. Therefore, this invention The creation actually meets the requirements for a new patent, and the application must be filed in accordance with the law.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and various deformations, modifications and applications made by those skilled in the art should be included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the spirit of the present invention.

(11): First mixing machine

(12): Second mixing machine

(13): The third mixing machine

(14): The fourth mixing machine

(20): Molding device

(21):Inlet port

(22): Discharge port

(23):Extrusion tray

(231):Through hole

(24):Conveying unit

(25):Power screw

(251): First conveyor rod

(252): Second conveyor rod

(253):Third conveyor rod

(254): The fourth conveyor rod

(255):Blade

(26):Exhaust pipe

(27):Vacuum machine

(30):First cooling system

(31):Conveyor platform

(311):Roller

(32): Power group

(321):Roller

(322):Power source

(33):Fan

(40):Cutting unit

(41): Knife holder

(42):Motor

(43):Blade

(44):Slide rail

(50): Second cooling system

(51): Aggregate bucket

(52):First blower

(53): First cooling barrel

(54): Second cooling barrel

(55): Second blower

(56): Storage bucket

(561):Blanking port

(57):First pipeline

(58):Second pipeline

(59):Third pipeline

(60):Forming machine

(61): barrel

(62):Feeding tube

(63):Screw

(64):Mold

(641): Tongue depressor mold cavity

(70): Tongue depressor

Figure 1: is a schematic diagram of the raw material formula of the present invention being mixed and processed into strips. Figure 2: is a schematic diagram of the first cooling system and cutting unit of the present invention. Figure 3: is a schematic diagram of the structure and use of the second cooling system of the present invention. Figure 4: is a schematic diagram of the tongue depressor produced by injection molding according to the present invention. Figure 5: is a three-dimensional appearance view of the finished tongue depressor of the present invention.

(60):Forming machine

(61): barrel

(62):Feeding tube

(63):Screw

(64):Mold

(641): Tongue depressor mold cavity

Claims (6)

A biodegradable tongue depressor raw material composition and manufacturing process, the manufacturing process includes: A. Obtain raw material granules, which include: plant fiber powder 44-59%, starch 20-29%, bio-based raw materials 11-23%, water-soluble polymer glue 5-10%, coupling agent 3-6 %, and lubricant 0.01~0.2%; B. Drying of raw material pellets. Place the raw material pellets in a hot dryer for drying operation to reduce the weight of the raw material pellets. Moisture content; C. The raw material pellets are heated. The raw material pellets are put into the barrel of a molding machine. After the raw material pellets are melted and kneaded using high temperature, the melted fiber raw materials are filled into a mold. The mold is equipped with several depressors. The mold cavity is filled with fiber raw materials into the tongue depressor mold cavity; D. Cooling and forming, after filling the fiber raw material into the tongue depressor mold cavity, the fiber raw material is cooled and shaped; E. Demold, after the fiber raw material is finalized, the finished tongue depressor can be demoulded and taken out. According to the raw material composition and manufacturing process of the biodegradable tongue depressor described in claim 1, the plant fiber powder can be made from the stems, bark, leaves or peel of natural plants as the fiber raw material, and after being crushed and dried, it is processed into Powder with a moisture content of less than 20%, and the starch can come from bamboo, wheat, potato, corn, sweet potato, cassava, lotus root, rice or algae. According to the raw material composition and manufacturing process of the biodegradable tongue depressor described in claim 1, the bio-based raw material can be polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), or aliphatic aromatic copolymer ester (PBST), or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), or polylactic acid (PLA), or carbon dioxide copolymer, among which polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is the best. According to the raw material composition and manufacturing process of the biodegradable tongue depressor described in claim 1, the water-soluble polymer glue can be a chemically modified natural polymer, and the chemically modified natural polymer can be carboxymethyl starch or starch acetate. . According to the raw material composition and manufacturing process of the biodegradable tongue depressor described in claim 1, the lubricant can be primary amide, secondary amide or ethylene distearamide. According to the raw material composition and manufacturing process of the biodegradable tongue depressor described in claim 1, the molding machine can be an injection molding machine.