TWI803192B - Triboelectric-electromagnetic composite generator, and platform and method for testing perfoamance thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to a triboelectric-electromagnetic composite generator, a platform and a method for testing performance thereof. The triboelectric-electromagnetic composite generator includes a rotor part, a stator part and a central shaft. The rotor part and the stator part are sleeved on the central axis. Each of two sides of the rotor part in the axial direction is sleeved with a stator part. The rotor part includes a rotor plate, a magnet array and blade arrays. The magnet array is fixed on the rotor plate. Each of ends of the rotor plate along the axial direction is fixedly connected to a blade array. The blade arrays are arranged with a first dielectric film. The stator part includes a stator plate, a coil array, an electrode array and a friction layer. The coil array is fixed on the stator plate. The electrode array is fixedly connected to the inner axial surface of the stator plate. A friction layer formed by a second dielectric film covers the electrode array. The friction layer is in contact with the first dielectric film on the blade array. There is a difference in triboelectric series between the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film. Energy conversion efficiency is improved by using the device.

Description

A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device and its performance testing platform and method

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device and a performance testing platform and method thereof.

With the continuous development of science and technology, human's demand for energy is more and more vigorous, and the traditional energy is gradually reduced, making the exploration of renewable energy has become the main focus of people. Some random and irregular mechanical energy such as water energy and wind energy in renewable energy have become the focus of people's exploration because of their wide distribution, large reserves and availability for collection. In real life, traditional electromagnetic generators are often used to collect this mechanical energy, such as common power generation windmills and hydroelectric generators. However, traditional electromagnetic generators generate electricity based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and their structures are complex and bulky. Large, the energy generated by many tiny mechanical movements in nature cannot be collected by electromagnetic generators. In addition, according to Maxwell's classical equations, it can be found that electromagnetic induction power generation is often suitable for high-frequency mechanical movements, and its energy utilization for low-frequency mechanical movements in daily life Extremely inefficient. It can be seen that the electromagnetic generator can only collect a small part of random and irregular mechanical energy, resulting in a large waste of mechanical energy, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency for power generation.

The invention provides a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, which is used to solve the problem that random and irregular mechanical energy cannot be efficiently collected by an electromagnetic generator, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency for power generation.

The first aspect of the present invention provides a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, comprising: a rotor part, a stator part and a central shaft, the rotor part and the stator part are sleeved on the central shaft, and both sides of the rotor part are sleeved one such stator portion; The rotor part includes: a rotor plate, a magnet array and a vane array, the magnet array is arranged on the rotor plate, the two axial ends of the rotor plate are fixedly connected to one of the vane arrays, the rotor plate is provided with a first through hole, The central shaft passes through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the rotor plate, the vane array is provided with a first dielectric film; the stator part includes: a stator plate, a coil array, an electrode array and a friction layer, and the coil array is provided with On the stator plate, the electrode array is fixedly connected to the inner axial surface of the stator plate, the friction layer is covered on the electrode array, and the friction layer is composed of a second dielectric film; the friction layer is connected to the first dielectric film The electrical films are in contact, and there is a difference in electrode sequence between the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film.

In the first possible implementation device of the first aspect, the electrode array includes N first electrodes and N second electrodes, where N is an integer greater than 3; the first electrodes and the second electrodes alternate circumferentially Arranged, the N first electrodes are electrically connected to each other, and the N second electrodes are electrically connected to each other.

In combination with the first possible realization device of the first aspect, in the second possible realization device, the stator part further includes a circular electrode disk, and a second Through holes, one end surface of the electrode disk is bonded to the inner axial surface of the stator plate, and the other end surface is provided with the electrode array; the first electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the electrode disk , the first electrode and the second electrode have the same shape and are fan-shaped metal coatings, the inner end of the first electrode is connected to the first connecting ring arranged in the center of the electrode disc, and the outer end of the second electrode is connected to the The second connection ring arranged on the outer periphery of the electrode disk is connected; the diameter of the second through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connection ring.

In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in the third possible implementation, the central angle of the first electrode and the second electrode ranges from 10° to 80°; the first electrode The distance between the second electrode and the second electrode ranges from 0.02L to L, wherein L is the maximum width of the first electrode or the second electrode.

In combination with the second possible realization device of the first aspect, in the fourth possible realization In the device, the blade array includes a cylindrical structure and N blades, the N blades are evenly connected to the outer periphery of the cylindrical structure, and the middle hole of the cylindrical structure is aligned with the first through hole.

In combination with the fourth possible realization device of the first aspect, in the fifth possible realization device, the shape of the axial section of the blade is the same as that of the electrode, and the first dielectric film covers the blade and the friction layer opposite side.

With reference to the fourth possible realization device of the first aspect, in the sixth possible realization device, the first dielectric film includes N arched films, the tops of the arched films are in flexible contact with the friction layer, the The contact area between the arched film and the friction layer is equal to the axial cross-sectional area of the electrode.

In combination with the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation, a flange coupling is also included; both axial ends of the rotor plate are fixedly connected to one of the blade arrays, specifically : One axial end of the rotor plate is fixedly connected to the first blade array, and the other axial end is fixedly connected to the second blade array; four first threaded holes are provided around the first through hole, and the first threaded hole Match the axial threaded holes on the flange coupling; the cylinder end face of the first array is provided with 4 second threaded holes matching the first threaded holes, the cylinders of the second array The wall is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread on the flange coupling; the first array is matched with one of the rotor plate through the cooperation of the bolt with the axial threaded hole, the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole. The axial end is fixedly connected, the second array is fixedly connected with the other axial end of the rotor plate through the cooperation of the internal thread and the external thread; the flange coupling is connected with the screw through the radial threaded hole on it The fit is fixedly connected with the central axis.

In combination with the first possible realization device of the first aspect, in the eighth possible realization device, the magnet array includes N cylindrical magnets, and the coil array includes N coils connected in series in the same winding direction; the The magnets are embedded in the rotor plate and the coils are embedded in the stator plate.

In combination with the fourth possible device of the first aspect, in the ninth possible device, the rotor plate is a circular plate, and the magnets are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotor plate; the coil is connected with the magnet The same arrangement is embedded in the stator plate.

In the tenth possible implementation device of the first aspect, a third through hole is opened in the center of the stator plate, and a bearing is embedded in the third through hole, and the central shaft is rotatably connected with the stator plate through the bearing.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device performance test platform, including: a fixed assembly, a speed-regulating motor and an electrometer; the fixed assembly includes: a base, a platform, and a support rod, and one end of the base is provided with a motor The other end is fixedly connected to the platform, the support rod is arranged on the periphery of the base and one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the platform, and the other end is connected to the friction-electromagnetic composite type The power generation device is fixedly connected; the electrometer is electrically connected to the output end of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device; The central shaft connection of the type generator set.

In the first possible realization device of the second aspect, it also includes: a rigid coupling, a flexible coupling, a torque sensor, a data acquisition card and a computer; the electrometer is connected to the computer through the data acquisition card ; the torque sensor is connected with the computer; one end of the rigid coupling is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected with one end of the flexible coupling through the torque sensor, and the other end of the flexible coupling connected to the central axis.

The third party of the present invention provides a method for testing the performance of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device. The performance test platform for a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by the second aspect of the present invention is used for testing, including: adjusting the friction-electromagnetic The rotational speed of the composite power generation device; the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed is obtained through the electrometer, and the electrical physical quantity includes Voltage, current and electricity; calculate the performance index value based on the electrical physical quantity, the performance index value includes cycle average output power, power density, triboelectric surface charge density or material quality factor.

In the first possible implementation method on the part of the third party, after obtaining the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer, it also includes: converting the electrical physical quantity into a digital signal through the data acquisition card; using Labview software to convert the electrical physical quantity into a digital signal; The digital signal is converted into a graph of changes.

In the second possible implementation method on the part of the third party, the acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer includes: acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer, and acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the torque sensor. Torque; calculate the energy utilization efficiency according to the electrical physical quantity and the torque.

As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

The friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by the present invention is provided with a rotor part, a stator part and a central shaft, the rotor part and the stator part are sleeved on the central shaft, and a stator part is sleeved on both sides of the rotor part in the axial direction The rotor part is provided with a rotor plate, a magnet array and a blade array, the magnet array is fixed on the rotor plate, the two axial ends of the rotor plate are fixedly connected with a blade array, and the blade array is provided with a first dielectric film; the stator part is provided with The stator plate, the coil array, the electrode array and the friction layer, the coil array is fixed on the stator plate, the electrode array is fixedly connected with the inner axial surface of the electronic plate, and the friction layer composed of the second dielectric film is covered on the electrode array; The layer is in contact with the first dielectric film on the vane array, so that when the rotor part rotates, the first dielectric film rubs against the second dielectric film because there is an electrode sequence between the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film. difference, and the friction polarity of the first dielectric film and the electrode array is very different, so the charges on the surface of the electrode array will be gathered and transferred to generate a potential difference, so that the charges move directional to form a triboelectric current and realize triboelectric power generation; at the same time, the rotor part During the rotation process, the magnet array on the rotor plate and the coil array on the stator plate move relative to each other, so that the coil array cuts the magnetic induction lines of the magnet array, generates induced current, and realizes electromagnetic power generation. Combining the two power generation methods reduces the limitation of frequency on mechanical energy collection and can collect more mechanical energy conversion into electrical energy, improving the energy conversion efficiency of power generation.

In addition, the friction nanogenerator and the electromagnetic generator are integrated to achieve complementary advantages, and no longer suffer from: the matching load is too high, and it is impossible to efficiently supply energy for devices with small internal resistance; or the matching load is too low, for large The limitation that devices with internal resistance cannot efficiently supply energy not only improves the energy conversion efficiency, but also broadens the application range of power generation devices.

At the same time, the materials used in the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device are cheap, and the modularization of the device structure enables it to be mass-produced and easy to assemble and replace, making it have the advantages of low production cost and low maintenance cost.

Furthermore, the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device has small volume, light weight, strong structural stability, and convenient packaging. The mechanical energy in the environment directly drives the rotor of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device to generate electricity without complicated mechanical transmission. And the conversion mechanism is not easy to be damaged under complex environmental loads, and has the advantage of being resistant to complex environmental loads.

100: rotor part

110: rotor plate

111: the first threaded hole

120:Magnet array

130: blade array

130.1: First blade array

130.2: Second vane array

131: blade

132: Cylindrical structure

133: The first dielectric film

134: Second threaded hole

200: stator part

210: stator plate

211: The fourth threaded hole

220: coil array

230: electrode array

231: first electrode

232: second electrode

233: The first connecting ring

234: Second connecting ring

240: friction layer

250: electrode plate

251: Second through hole

300: central axis

400: flange coupling

410: Axial threaded hole

420: radial threaded hole

500: bearing

600: Fixed components

610: base

611: motor accommodation slot

612: support

613: threaded through hole

614: Transverse threaded through hole

620: platform

621: The third threaded hole

62:Leveling feet

630: support rod

700: speed control motor

710: rotating shaft

800: Electrometer

900: rigid coupling

1000: flexible coupling

1100: Torque sensor

1200: data acquisition card

1300: computer

1400: Power Department

1410: connecting shaft

1420: wind blade

1500: Shell

V: Voltage

I: Current

Q: Electricity

:週期平均輸出功率

: cycle average output power

P _D : power density

C _p : energy utilization efficiency

σ: Triboelectric surface charge density

FOM _DM : Material Figure of Merit

T: electrical signal output period

V _o : the volume of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device

M : Torque of central shaft

S: Area of an electrode

Material1: the first dielectric film

Material2: Second Dielectric Film

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the present invention. For some embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device shown in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electrode disk and an electrode array shown in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 3 is a rotor part shown in an embodiment of the present application and a schematic structural view of the central axis; Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device shown in an embodiment of the application; Fig. 5 is a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device for collecting wind energy shown in an embodiment of the application A schematic structural diagram of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device performance test platform shown in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing element shown in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a performance testing method of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device shown in an embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a friction method shown in an embodiment of the present application -The triboelectric voltage-time (V-t) curve figure obtained by the performance test method of the electromagnetic composite generator; FIG. 10 is the friction current-time ( 1-t) curve diagram; Fig. 11 is the triboelectricity-time (Q-t) curve diagram that a kind of friction-electromagnetic composite generator performance test method that the embodiment of the application shows obtains; Fig. 12 shows a kind of friction-time (Q-t) curve that Fig. 12 shows the embodiment of the application The electromagnetic voltage-time (V-t) curve figure obtained by the performance test method of the electromagnetic composite power generation device; )Graph.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, which is used to solve the technical problem that random and irregular mechanical energy cannot be efficiently collected by using an electromagnetic generator or a friction nanogenerator, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency for power generation .

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following The described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The triboelectric nanogenerator proposed by the research team of Professor Wang Zhonglin is based on the principle of friction to generate electricity - charge transfer occurs between two friction material thin layers with different triboelectric polarities, so that a potential difference is formed between the two, and the potential difference is used to drive The directional flow of electrons generates current to realize power generation, and has the output characteristics of large open circuit voltage and small short circuit current. According to Maxwell's classical equations, it can be found that the triboelectric nanogenerator can continuously and efficiently collect low-frequency mechanical energy.

It can be seen that the electromagnetic generator is suitable for collecting high-frequency mechanical energy, and the friction nanogenerator is suitable for collecting low-frequency mechanical energy. However, most mechanical movements in everyday life are random and irregular - that is, high and low frequencies are mixed, such as the vibration of bridges, the undulation of ocean waves, etc. Therefore, if only electromagnetic generators or frictional nanogenerators are used to collect random and irregular mechanical energy, a large amount of mechanical energy will be wasted, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency for power generation. In order to efficiently collect irregular mechanical energy and improve the energy conversion efficiency of power generation, it is extremely necessary to design a device that can efficiently collect mechanical energy. Therefore, the present invention proposes a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device.

Embodiment one

Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, Figure 1 is a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by the present invention includes: a rotor part 100, a stator part 200 and a central shaft 300, the rotor part 100 and the stator part 200 are sleeved on the central shaft 300, and both sides of the rotor part 100 are equally sleeved A stator part 200 is set; the rotor part 100 includes: a rotor plate 110, a magnet array 120 and a vane array 130, the magnet array 120 is arranged on the rotor plate 110, and the two axial ends of the rotor plate 110 are fixedly connected to a vane array 130, the rotor The plate 110 is provided with a first through hole, the central axis 300 passes through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the rotor plate 110, the blade array 130 is provided with a first dielectric film; the stator part 200 includes: a stator plate 210, a coil array 220, The electrode array 230 and the friction layer 240, the coil array 220 is arranged on the stator plate 210, the electrode array 230 is fixedly connected with the inner axial surface of the stator plate 210, the friction layer 240 is covered on the electrode array 230, the friction layer 240 is formed by the second medium The electric film is composed of: the friction layer 240 is in contact with the first dielectric film, and there is a difference in electrode sequence between the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film.

It should be noted that the two sides of the rotor part refer to both sides of the rotor part in the axial direction, the two axial ends of the rotor plate refer to the two end faces of the rotor plate in the axial direction, and the inner axial face of the stator plate designates The sub-plate is close to the end surface of the rotor part in the axial direction, and the axial direction refers to the direction where the axis of the central shaft is located.

Specifically, the central axis is perpendicular to the ground, and the defined stator plate includes an upper stator plate and a lower stator plate, and the vane array includes an upper vane array (the second vane array) and a lower vane array (the first vane array) column), the electrode array includes an upper electrode array and a lower electrode array, and the friction layer includes an upper friction layer and a lower friction layer. It can be understood that the central axis is sleeved with the lower stator plate, the lower electrode array, the lower friction layer, The lower blade array, the rotor plate, the upper blade array, the upper friction layer, the upper electrode array and the upper stator plate, wherein: the lower friction layer covers the lower electrode array to form a whole, the lower electrode array and the lower stator plate The upper side is fixedly connected; the lower side of the lower blade array is covered with a first dielectric film, and the first dielectric film on it is in contact with the upper side of the lower friction layer; the upper side of the lower blade array is fixedly connected with the lower side of the rotor plate; the upper side of the rotor plate It is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper blade array; the top of the upper blade array is covered with a first dielectric film, and the first dielectric film on it is in contact with the bottom of the upper friction layer; the top of the upper friction layer covers the bottom of the upper electrode array Forming a whole, the upper surface of the upper electrode array is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the upper stator plate. With such a design, when the central shaft rotates under the excitation of external mechanical energy, it will drive the rotor to rotate. At this time, the magnet array on the rotor plate and the coil array on the stator plate will move relative to each other to form an electromagnetic generator, and the coil array will rotate The magnetic induction line of the magnet array makes a cutting movement. In order to hinder the change of the magnetic field, the coil induces a current; at the same time, the rotation of the blade array causes the first dielectric film on it to rub against the friction layer, so that the electrode array generates a potential difference and drives the electric charge. Oriented movement generates triboelectric current to form a triboelectric nanogenerator.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: (1) Combining the two power generation methods of electromagnetic power generation and friction power generation in one power generation device, the low-frequency mechanical energy can be efficiently converted into electrical energy through friction power generation, and the high-frequency mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy through electromagnetic power generation. Efficient conversion into electrical energy broadens the frequency bandwidth of power generation, reduces the limitation of frequency on power generation efficiency, collects more mechanical energy and converts it into electrical energy, and improves the energy conversion efficiency of power generation.

(2) The design of two motor arrays, friction layers, vane arrays and coil arrays is equivalent to connecting two friction nanogenerators and two electromagnetic generators in parallel with the same phase and then connected in full-wave rectification to realize the output characteristics of the two Effective complementarity enables the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device to provide higher open-circuit voltage and larger short-circuit current in a wide operating frequency range.

(3) Integrate the friction nanogenerator and the electromagnetic generator together to achieve complementary advantages, and no longer suffer from: the matching load is too high, and it is impossible to efficiently supply energy for devices with small internal resistance; or the matching load is too low, for The limitation that devices with large internal resistance cannot supply energy efficiently not only improves the energy conversion efficiency, but also broadens the application range of power generation devices.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the electrode array 230 includes N first electrodes 231 and N second electrodes 232, where N is an integer greater than 3; the first electrodes 231 and the second electrodes 232 are alternately arranged in the stator On the inner axial surface of the plate 210 , the N first electrodes 231 are electrically connected to each other, and the N second electrodes 232 are electrically connected to each other. In the embodiment of the present application, N=9, in order to eliminate the influence of the coil array on the stator plate on the charge flow of the electrode array, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged on the circular electrode disk 250, and the electrode disk 250 Made of insulating material, the center of the electrode disk 250 is provided with a second through hole 251 through which the central axis passes. One end surface of the electrode disk 250 is bonded to the inner axial surface of the stator plate 210, and the other end surface is circumferentially The first electrodes 231 and the second electrodes 232 are arranged alternately at intervals. The first electrodes 231 and the second electrodes 232 have the same shape and size, and are all fan-shaped metal coatings. The inner ends of all the first electrodes 231 are arranged in the center of the electrode disk 250. Connect the first connecting ring 233 of the electrode disc to realize mutual electrical connection, and the outer ends of all second electrodes 232 are connected through the second connecting ring 234 arranged on the outer periphery of the electrode disc to realize mutual electrical connection. The materials of the electrodes and the connecting ring Similarly, it can be made on the surface of the electrode plate by copper plating, immersion gold, soldering or 3D printing. A layer of second dielectric film is also provided on the end face of the electrode disk where the electrode array is arranged, so as to completely cover the electrode array. The dielectric film is made of insulator material or semiconductor material. The insulator material can be made of polymer polymer material, such as polyoxymethylene, wool and its fabric, silk and its fabric, cotton and its fabric, hard rubber, rayon, polyethylene , polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene; semiconductor materials can be selected from inorganic semiconductor or organic semiconductor materials, such as silicon, germanium, III and V compounds, One or more of Group II and VI compounds, organic semiconductors, and non-conductive oxides and semiconducting oxides. However, it is necessary to ensure that the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film are made of different materials, so that the first dielectric film has electronegativity, and the second dielectric film has electronegativity. During the rotation of the rotor, the first dielectric film The electric film and the second dielectric film rub against each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode will induce unequal amounts of induced charges, generating a potential difference to drive electrons to move in the direction of the external load circuit to generate alternating currents. In order to ensure that the central axis 300 does not affect the electrical properties of the electrodes, the diameter of the second through hole 251 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting ring 233 .

Preferably, when the number of electrodes increases, the time required to generate a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is shorter, the rate of charge transfer is faster, and the obtained current amplitude is higher and the frequency is lower. Fast, so the introduction of more electrodes on the electrode array has a certain explanation for increasing the accumulated charge, current and current frequency, and the number of sector electrodes is affected by its central angle. The smaller the central angle, the fan-shaped electrodes that can be set The more, but the number of electrodes is also limited by the manufacturing process. Under the limitation of the process, the preferred range of the central angle of the fan-shaped electrode is 10°~80°. At the same time, as the number of electrodes increases, the number of corresponding coils, magnets and blades also increases, which can ensure that the phases of the currents generated by electromagnetic power generation and friction power generation are similar, and furthermore, the input power can be effectively transmitted to electrical appliances or electrical appliances through energy management circuits. Store it up. The distance between the electrodes determines the efficiency of triboelectric power generation, and has an extremely important impact on the overall output characteristics of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device. The optimal value of the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is determined by comsol analog simulation structure The range is 0.02L~L, and L is the maximum width of the first electrode or the second electrode.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the blade array 130 is composed of a cylindrical structure and N blades 131, the middle hole of the cylindrical structure is aligned with the first through hole, and in the embodiment of the present application, the inner ends of the nine blades are uniform It is connected to the outer periphery of a cylindrical structure 132, and the middle hole of the cylindrical structure 132 allows the central shaft to pass through. The shape of the axial section of the blade 131 is the same as that of the electrode. It can be regarded as a fan-shaped structure with a certain thickness formed by stretching a fan-shaped surface with the same shape as the electrode to a certain height. The surface of the blade opposite to the friction layer Covered with a layer of first dielectric film. The blade can be prepared by a 3D printer using ABS resin (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, ABS), polylactic acid (Polylactide, PLA), nylon, resin or other flexible materials.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 , in order to reduce the rotational friction between the blade and the friction layer, so that the power generation device has a smaller starting torque, the first dielectric film 133 on the opposite surface of the blade is arranged in an arched shape, That is to say, the two edges of the first dielectric film 133 are inserted into the blade from the surface opposite to the friction layer of the blade 131 to realize fixing, so that a hollow is formed between the middle of the first dielectric film and the blade 131, and the first dielectric film 133 is arched. Part of the top is in contact with the friction layer 240 for friction, so that the first dielectric film 133 and the friction layer 240 can achieve flexible contact, which can reduce friction. More preferably, the first dielectric film 133 can be bent and shaped to have a fan-shaped surface with the same shape and size as the electrode, and then inserted and fixed on the surface of the blade opposite to the friction layer. The friction force between the first dielectric film and the friction layer can be adjusted by adjusting the fit distance between the stator part and the rotor part, and combined with the third embodiment According to the test data under different friction forces obtained by the performance test method of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, the optimal fit distance is selected so that the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device has good output performance and low starting torque at the same time.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , in order to realize the fixed connection between the blade array and the rotor plate, a flange coupling 400 is added in the embodiment of the present application. Around the first through hole of the rotor plate 110, four first threaded holes 111 matching the axial threaded holes 410 on the flange coupling are provided, and four first threaded holes 111 are provided on the cylindrical end surface of the first vane array 130.1 to match the first A threaded hole 111 matches the second threaded hole 134 , and the inner wall of the cylinder of the second vane array 130 . The bolts are sequentially screwed into the axial threaded hole 410, the first threaded hole 111 and the second threaded hole 134 to securely connect the flange coupling 400, the rotor plate 110 and the first blade array 130.1. The internal thread on the second blade array 130.2 is screwed into the external thread on the flange coupling 400 to realize the fixed connection between the second blade array 130.2 and the rotor plate 110. The fixed connection between the rotor part 100 and the central shaft 300 is realized by screwing the screw into the radial threaded hole 420 on the flange coupling 400 to press the central shaft 300 .

Specifically, the magnet array 120 includes 9 cylindrical magnets, the coil array 220 includes 9 coils connected in series with the same winding direction, the rotor plate 110 is a circular plate, and can be made of light insulating materials such as plastic, rubber, resin, etc. Nine round holes are evenly opened in the circumferential direction of the plate, and the cylindrical magnets are embedded in the round holes of the rotor plate 110 and fixed with epoxy glue. The stator plate 210 is a square plate, which can be made of light insulating materials such as plastic, rubber, resin, etc., and a third through hole is opened in the center of the square plate, and a bearing 500 is embedded in the third through hole, and the central shaft 300 passes through the center of the bearing 500 Rotationally connected with the stator plate 210, that is, the central shaft 300 is fixedly connected with the bearing inner ring of the bearing 500, and the stator plate 210 is fixedly connected with the bearing outer ring of the bearing 500. When the central shaft 300 rotates, the stator plate 210 is relatively stationary. Similarly, the coils are embedded in the round holes of the stator plate 210 and fixed with epoxy glue. The positions of the round holes of the stator plate 210 correspond to the positions of the round holes of the rotor plate, so that the coil array 220 can be aligned with the magnet during rotation. The magnetic field lines of the array 120 perform a cutting motion.

Specifically, the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device also includes a power part 1400 and a casing 1500. As shown in FIG. 5, the casing 1500 completely wraps the stator part and the rotor part, and one end of the exposed central shaft is fixed to the connecting shaft 1410 of the power part. connection, the power unit consists of three wind blades 1420, the wind The blade 1420 rotates under the drive of wind energy, which drives the central shaft fixedly connected with it to rotate, and then drives the rotor part fixedly connected with the central shaft to rotate, the rotor part rotates, and the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film are formed. Friction generates friction current, and the coil array cuts the magnetic induction lines of the magnet array to generate induced current, thereby converting wind energy into electrical energy.

Embodiment two

Please refer to FIGS. 6 to 7. FIG. 6 is a performance test platform for a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device performance testing platform provided by the present invention includes: a fixed assembly 600, a speed regulating motor 700 and an electrometer 800; the fixed assembly 600 includes: a base 610, a platform 620 and a support rod 630, and one end of the base 610 A motor accommodating groove 611 is provided, and the other end is fixedly connected to the platform 620. The support rod 630 is arranged on the periphery of the base 610 and one end of the support rod 630 is fixedly connected to the platform 620, and the other end is connected to the friction-electromagnetic composite type in the first embodiment. The power generation device is fixedly connected; the electrometer 800 is electrically connected to the output end of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device; the speed-regulating motor 700 is fixed in the motor accommodating groove, and the rotating shaft 710 of the speed-regulating motor 700 is connected to the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device The central axis 300 of the device is connected.

Specifically, the platform 620 is a square plate placed horizontally. A base 610 is fixed on the square plate. The base 610 is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole. The side of the motor accommodation groove 611 is provided with a transverse threaded through hole 614, and the rotating shaft of the speed regulating motor 700 is placed in the motor accommodation groove 611 upwards, and the bolts are screwed into the transverse thread through hole 614 to lock the speed regulating motor 700, and the speed regulating motor 700 is fixed on the base. The periphery of 610 is provided with at least two support rods 630, and the support rods 630 are provided with external threads, and one end of the support rods 630 is screwed into the third threaded hole 621 on the platform 620 and then cooperates with a nut to realize the fixed connection with the platform 620, and the other end Screw in the fourth threaded hole 211 provided at the four corners of the stator plate of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device and fix the connection with nuts to ensure that the central shaft 300 and the rotating shaft 710 are aligned, and connect the central shaft 300 and the rotating shaft 710 through a coupling connect them. In this way, the rotational speed of the rotor part of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the speed-regulating motor, and then the output end of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device can be connected through the terminal clip of the electrometer. Detect the electrical physical quantities such as voltage, current and electricity of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device at this speed, and realize the performance test of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device.

The beneficial effect of this embodiment is: by continuously adjusting the speed of the speed-regulating motor to drive the rotor part of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device to rotate at low or high frequency, the random and irregular mechanical energy in the natural environment is simulated. The excitation of the electromagnetic composite power generation device can improve the accuracy of the performance test.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, in the embodiment of the present application, the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device is also provided with a rigid coupling 900, a flexible coupling 1000, a torque sensor 1100, a data acquisition card 1200 and a computer 1300; the torque sensor 1100 adopts a dynamic torque sensor, one end of the rigid coupling 900 is connected with the rotating shaft 710 through a keyway, and the other end is connected with one end of the torque sensor 1100 through a keyway, and the torque sensor 1100 The other end of the flexible coupling 1000 is connected to one end of the flexible coupling 1000 through a keyway, and the other end of the flexible coupling 1000 is locked and connected to the central shaft 300 through a transverse screw, so that the connection between the central shaft 300 and the rotating shaft 710 can be realized. The starting torque of the rotating shaft and the torque at different speeds can be obtained instantly through the dynamic torque sensor 1100. When the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device is used as the object for mechanical simulation, the torque change curve obtained through the test can be used as a power generation damping model. Set parameters to enhance the reliability of the simulation, the dynamic torque sensor 1100 is connected to the computer 1300 through a data transmission line, and transmits the detected torque data to the computer. The electrometer 800 is connected to the computer 1300 through the data acquisition card 1200, through the data acquisition card 1200, the electrical physical quantity detected by the electrometer 800 is converted into a digital signal through calculation and signal filtering, and then the digital signal is input into the Labview on the computer 1300 The software is used to obtain the time-varying curves of electrical physical quantities such as voltage, current, and transferred charge output from the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device.

Optimally, the platform 620 is an optical platform, and regularly arranged third threaded holes 621 are arranged on the platform, and the sizes of the third threaded holes 621 all match the size of the support rod 630. By screwing the support rod 630 into the first Three threaded holes 621 can fix friction-electromagnetic composite power generating devices of different sizes, making the performance testing platform universal. In order to increase the stability of the performance test platform, four leveling feet 622 are set at the four corners of the platform, and the leveling feet 622 are connected with the platform 620 by threads. When in use, the leveling level is placed on the platform 620 and then rotated Leveling foot 622 adjustment Adjust the height of the joint support until the bubble of the leveling level remains in the middle of the level, so as to ensure that the platform will not vibrate due to the unevenness of the ground during the test and affect the test results. In order to increase the adjustability of the performance test platform, a cuboid-shaped support 612 is provided on both sides of the base 610, and a threaded through hole 613 is opened on the support 612, and the bolts are screwed into the threaded through hole 613 and the third threaded hole 621 in turn. The support 612 is locked on the platform 620 to fix the base 610 on the platform 620 , and the position of the base 610 can be moved by locking the support 612 with third threaded holes 621 at different positions on the platform 620 .

Embodiment three

Please refer to FIGS. 8 to 13. FIG. 8 is a performance testing method of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

A method for testing the performance of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided by the present invention includes:

10: Adjust the speed of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device through the speed regulating motor; 20: Obtain the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer, and the electrical physical quantity includes voltage, current and electricity; 30: Calculate the performance index value based on the electrical physical quantity , the performance index value includes period average output power, power density, triboelectric surface charge density or material quality factor.

，功率密度P _D ，能量利用效率C _p ，摩擦起電表面電荷密度σ和材料品質因數FOM _DM 。計算公式如下所示：

σ _FEP/Ga =133.24μC/m ² Specifically,: 1) fix the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device on the performance test platform of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device provided in Example 2, 2) open the data processing and analysis software Labview of the computer, and perform cleaning Zero; 3) Turn on the electrometer, select the electrical physical quantity to be tested (voltage V, current I, power Q), select the appropriate range, and adjust the Labview software to keep the same range as the electrometer; 4) Press the electrometer to "return to zero" 5) Turn on the switch of the speed regulating motor and turn the speed dial; 6) Read the instant torque M of the dynamic torque sensor; 7) Click the start button in the Labview software, and press the "return to zero" button of the electrometer again to start Test to get the curves of voltage V , current I and power Q over time; 8) Change the speed of the speed-regulating motor and repeat 2~7 again to obtain the voltage V, current I and power Q generated by friction power generation at different speeds The time-varying curves are shown in Figures 9 to 11, and the time-varying curves of the voltage V and current I produced by the electromagnetic power generation method are shown in Figures 12 and 13; At "0", turn off the speed regulating motor and turn off the electrometer. Finally, data processing: calculate the average output power of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device cycle

, power density P _D , energy utilization efficiency C _p , triboelectrification surface charge density σ and material figure of merit FOM _DM . The calculation formula is as follows:

σ _{FEP / Ga} =133.24 μC / m ²

Among them, the voltage V and the electric quantity Q can be measured by the electrometer, T is the electric signal output period, V _o is the volume of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, M is the torque of the central axis, measured by the dynamic torque sensor, n is the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the speed-regulating motor, S is the area of one electrode, and Material1 and Material2 are the first and second dielectric films respectively.

The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: through the electrometer and the dynamic torque sensor to detect the electrical physical quantity and torque of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, and then convert the electrical physical quantity into a digital signal through the data acquisition card, and then through the Labview software Converting the digital signal into a graph can realize fast and effective testing and present the performance of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device more intuitively.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

In several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, The device and method can be realized in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or elements can be combined or can be Integrate into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented. In another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may also be distributed to multiple network units . Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented not only in the form of hardware, but also in the form of software functional units.

If the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium. Several instructions are included to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage media include: flash drives, mobile hard drives, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks, etc., which can store program codes. medium.

As mentioned above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still understand the foregoing The technical solutions recorded in each embodiment are modified, or some of the technical features are replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the corresponding technical solutions The essence of the solution deviates from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

100: rotor part

110: rotor plate

120:Magnet array

130: blade array

200: stator part

210: stator plate

220: coil array

230: electrode array

240: friction layer

250: electrode plate

500: bearing

Claims (13)

A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, characterized in that it comprises: A rotor part, a stator part and a central shaft, the rotor part and the stator part are sleeved on the central shaft, and one stator part is sleeved on both sides of the rotor part; The rotor part includes: a rotor plate, a magnet array and a vane array, the magnet array is arranged on the rotor plate, two axial ends of the rotor plate are fixedly connected to one of the vane arrays, and the rotor plate is set There is a first through hole, the central shaft passes through the first through hole and is fixedly connected with the rotor plate, and the blade array is provided with a first dielectric film; The stator part includes: a stator plate, a coil array, an electrode array and a friction layer, the coil array is arranged on the stator plate, the electrode array is fixedly connected to the inner axial surface of the stator plate, and the friction layer a layer covering the electrode array, and the friction layer is composed of a second dielectric film; The friction layer is in contact with the first dielectric film, and there is a difference in electrode sequence between the first dielectric film and the second dielectric film. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 1, wherein: The electrode array includes N first electrodes and N second electrodes, where N is an integer greater than 3; The first electrodes and the second electrodes are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, the N first electrodes are electrically connected to each other, and the N second electrodes are electrically connected to each other. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 2, wherein: The stator part also includes a circular electrode disk, the center of which is provided with a second through hole through which the central axis passes, and one end surface of the electrode disk is connected to the inner axial surface of the stator plate. Bonding, and the other end surface is provided with the electrode array; The first electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the electrode disk, the first electrodes and the second electrodes have the same shape and are fan-shaped metal coatings, the first electrodes The inner end of an electrode is connected to a first connecting ring arranged at the center of the electrode disk, and the outer end of the second electrode is connected to a second connecting ring arranged at the outer periphery of the electrode disk; The diameter of the second through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the first connecting ring. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 3, wherein: The central angle of the first electrode and the second electrode ranges from 10° to 80°; The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode ranges from 0.02L to L, wherein L is the maximum width of the first electrode or the second electrode. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 3, wherein: The blade array includes a cylindrical structure and N blades, the N blades are evenly connected to the outer periphery of the cylindrical structure, and the middle hole of the cylindrical structure is aligned with the first through hole; The shape of the axial section of the blade is the same as that of the electrode, and the first dielectric film covers the surface of the blade opposite to the friction layer. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 3, wherein: The blade array includes a cylindrical structure and N blades, the N blades are evenly connected to the outer periphery of the cylindrical structure, and the middle hole of the cylindrical structure is aligned with the first through hole; The first dielectric film includes N arched films, the tops of the arched films are in flexible contact with the friction layer, and the contact area between the arched films and the friction layer is equal to the axial cross-sectional area of the electrode. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 5, further comprising a flange coupling; Both axial ends of the rotor plate are fixedly connected to one blade array, specifically: one axial end of the rotor plate is fixedly connected to the first blade array, and the other axial end is fixedly connected to the second blade array; Four first threaded holes are provided around the first through hole, and the first threaded holes match the axial threaded holes on the flange coupling; The cylindrical end surface of the first vane array is provided with four second threaded holes matching the first threaded holes, and the inner wall of the cylinder of the second vane array is provided with the flange coupling The external thread on the matching internal thread; The first vane array is fixedly connected to one axial end of the rotor plate through the cooperation of bolts with axial threaded holes, the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, and the second vane array is fixedly connected to one axial end of the rotor plate through the inner screw. The cooperation between the thread and the external thread is fixedly connected with the other axial end of the rotor plate; The flange coupling is fixedly connected with the central shaft through the cooperation of radial threaded holes and screws. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 2, wherein: The magnet array includes N cylindrical magnets, and the coil array includes N coils connected in series with the same winding direction; The magnets are embedded in the rotor plate, the rotor plate is a circular plate, and the magnets are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotor plate; The coils are embedded in the stator plate in the same arrangement as the magnets. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device as described in claim 1, wherein: A third through hole is opened in the center of the stator plate, and a bearing is embedded in the third through hole, and the central shaft passes through the bearing and is rotatably connected with the stator plate. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device performance testing platform, characterized in that it includes: Stationary components, variable speed motors and electrometers; The fixing assembly includes: a base, a platform, and a support rod. One end of the base is provided with a motor accommodating groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the platform. The support rod is arranged on the periphery of the base and the support rod One end is fixedly connected to the platform, and the other end is fixedly connected to the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The electrometer is electrically connected to the output end of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device; The speed-regulating motor is fixed in the motor accommodating groove, and the rotating shaft of the speed-regulating motor is connected with the central shaft of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device. A friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device performance test platform as described in claim 10, which also includes: a rigid coupling, a flexible coupling, a torque sensor, a data acquisition card and a computer; The electrometer is connected to the computer through the data acquisition card; The torque sensor is connected to the computer; One end of the rigid coupling is connected to the rotating shaft, the other end is connected to one end of the flexible coupling through the torque sensor, and the other end of the flexible coupling is connected to the central shaft . A performance testing method for a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device, characterized in that the performance test platform for a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device described in claim 10 or 11 is used for testing, including: The speed of the friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device is adjusted by a speed-regulating motor; Acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through an electrometer, the electrical physical quantity including voltage, current and electric quantity; The performance index value is calculated according to the electrical physical quantity, and the performance index value includes period average output power, power density, triboelectric surface charge density or material quality factor. A method for testing the performance of a friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device according to claim 12, wherein, after obtaining the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer, it further includes: Converting the electrical physical quantity into a digital signal through a data acquisition card; The digital signal is converted into a change curve by Labview software; The acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through the electrometer includes: acquiring the electrical physical quantity corresponding to the rotational speed through an electrometer, and acquiring the torque corresponding to the rotational speed through a torque sensor; Energy utilization efficiency is calculated from the electrical physical quantity and the torque.

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