TWI893615B - Intelligent precision grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent precision grinding machine comprising a spindle head, a frame, a first power unit, a second power unit, a spindle unit, and a controller. The frame has a preset profile and is equipped with a grinding plate and a water tank. The first and second power units are mounted on the frame and are respectively actuated by first and second power signals. The spindle unit connects the spindle head to the frame and is driven by the first and second power units. The controller is electrically connected to the first and second power units and selectively outputs the first and second power signals. Through the above-mentioned assembly, the spindle head provides workpiece clamping. The controller controls the first and second power units to drive the spindle unit, causing the spindle head mounted thereon to rise, fall, and rotate relative to the machine base.

Description

Intelligent precision grinding machine

This invention relates to the technical field related to grinding machines, and more particularly to an intelligent precision grinding machine.

When conducting metallographic experiments, the workpiece is usually taken to a grinding and polishing machine for grinding to a predetermined smoothness. The structure of a grinding and polishing machine, as described in Taiwanese Patent No. M551549, primarily consists of a grinding plate, a spindle head positioned perpendicular to the grinding plate, a workpiece holder connected to and positioned below the spindle head, and a spindle unit connected to and capable of adjusting the spindle head's position relative to the grinding plate.

The workpiece is clamped by a workpiece holder, and a pre-load is applied to the workpiece via the spindle head, allowing the workpiece to contact the grinding disc and perform grinding, polishing, and other operations.

While the above proposal can achieve the intended purpose of grinding, its structure is not perfect, for example:

After grinding a workpiece for a period of time or reaching a preset state, to avoid interference from waste chips, the workpiece must be removed from the workpiece holder, cleaned, dried, and then ground again. However, the above-mentioned grinding machine structure has the following shortcomings:

1. Difficulty in Cleaning: The repeated removal and assembly of workpieces is time-consuming and cumbersome, so workpieces are often held for a certain amount before being moved to a cleaning sink. This limits the ability to immediately clean and rinse waste, making it difficult to quickly and effectively remove debris generated during the grinding process, increasing the difficulty of cleaning.

2. Reduced operating efficiency: Inconvenient cleaning will result in extra time-consuming cleaning after each grinding session, which in turn reduces operating efficiency, especially in a laboratory environment where workpieces need to be frequently replaced.

3. Accuracy is affected: Uncleaned scraps from the workpiece may return to the grinding area along with the workpiece, affecting the workpiece's accuracy and surface smoothness, and thus the accuracy of the experimental results.

Therefore, there is a real need to improve the structure of current grinding and polishing machines in order to automatically move the spindle head between grinding and cleaning equipment.

In view of the above-mentioned problems and deficiencies of the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an intelligent precision grinding machine through structural innovation to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an intelligent precision grinding machine comprising a spindle head, a frame, a first power unit, a second power unit, a spindle unit, and a controller. The frame has a preset profile and is equipped with a grinding plate and a water tank. The first and second power units are respectively mounted on the frame and are actuated by first and second power signals, respectively. The spindle unit is used to connect the spindle head and the frame and is driven by the first and second power units. The controller is electrically connected to the first and second power units and selectively outputs the first and second power signals. Through the assembly of the above components, the spindle head provides workpiece clamping. The controller instructs the first and second power units to drive the spindle unit, causing the spindle head mounted thereon to rise, fall, and rotate relative to the machine base.

11: Spindle head

111: Workpiece clamp

12: Rack

121: Grinding disc

122:sink

13: First power unit

14: Second power unit

200: Spindle unit

201: Base

202: Lifting bearing sleeve

203: First ball bearing

204: Bearing pressure plate

2041: Pressure plate lock

205: Lifting screw

206: Lifting spindle pulley

207: Lifting shaft spacer ring

208: Oil seal

209: Attachment shaft fixing plate

210: Connecting shaft

2101: Limit Bolt

211: Attachment shaft nut

212: Second ball bearing

213: Steering sleeve

2131: Pin hole

214: Steering pulley

2141: Rotation limit slot

215: Grinding head lifting shaft

2151:Guide groove

216: Ring

2161: Keyhole

2162:Tightening screw

217: Latch

218: Lifting Nut

219: Nut Cap

30: Steering sensor unit

31: Redirect trigger

32: Panels

33: Steering sensor

34: First Shell

40: Lift sensor unit

41: Vertical board

411: Grooving

42: Lifting trigger

43: Lift sensor

44: Second cover

50: Controller

[Figure 1] Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is another partial perspective schematic diagram of the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial component of the embodiment shown in Figure 2.

[Figure 4] is a schematic diagram (I) of the partial components of the embodiment shown in Figure 3.

[Figure 5] is a schematic diagram (II) of the partial component decomposition of the embodiment shown in Figure 3.

[Figure 6] is a schematic diagram (3) of the partial component decomposition of the embodiment shown in Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the partial decomposition of components from another perspective of the embodiment shown in Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the partial components of the embodiment shown in Figure 7.

[Figure 9] is a schematic diagram (I) of the partial components of the embodiment shown in Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a partial exploded schematic diagram of the embodiment shown in Figure 7 (Part 2).

[Figure 11] is a schematic diagram of the partial components of the embodiment shown in Figure 2 (1).

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the controller of the present invention.

[Figure 13] is a schematic diagram (I) of the partial cross-section of the components in the embodiment shown in Figure 11.

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram (II) of the partial cross-section of the components in the embodiment shown in Figure 11.

[Figure 15] is a schematic diagram of the partial components of the embodiment shown in Figure 2 (Part 2).

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram (I) of the partial cross-section of the components in the embodiment shown in Figure 15.

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram (II) of the partial cross-section of the components in the embodiment shown in Figure 15.

The following further describes embodiments of the intelligent precision grinding machine of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various components in these embodiments are depicted using proportions, dimensions, deformations, or displacements appropriate for the purposes of illustration, and are not drawn to scale with actual components. This is necessary to clarify. Identical and symmetrically arranged components in the remaining embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, directional terms such as "front, back, left, right, up, down, inside, and outside" in the descriptions of the embodiments listed below refer to the specific viewing directions and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 12 , the present invention's intelligent precision grinding machine includes a spindle head 11, a frame 12, a first power unit 13, a second power unit 14, a spindle unit 200, a rotation sensing unit 30, and a lift sensing unit 40.

As shown in Figure 1, the spindle head 11 (previous technology) has a workpiece clamp 111 installed underneath for clamping the workpiece to be ground (not shown).

As shown in FIG1 , the frame 12 has a preset profile and is equipped with a grinding plate 121 and a water tank 122.

The first power unit 13, as shown in Figures 2, 8, and 10, is assembled on the frame 12 and is actuated by a first power signal.

The second power unit 14, as shown in Figures 2, 8, and 10, is assembled on the frame 12 and is actuated by a second power signal.

The spindle unit 200, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, is used to connect the spindle head 11 and the frame 12, and is driven by the first and second power units 13 and 14 to lift or rotate the spindle head 11. It includes a base 201, a lifting bearing sleeve 202, at least one first ball bearing 203, a bearing pressure plate 204, a pressure plate lock 2041, a lifting screw 205, and a lifting spindle belt. Wheel 206, a lifting shaft spacer ring 207, at least one oil seal 208, a connecting shaft fixing plate 209, a connecting shaft 210, a connecting shaft nut 211, at least one second ball bearing 212, a steering sleeve 213, a steering pulley 214, a grinding head lifting shaft 215, a ring 216, a latch 217, a lifting nut 218, and a nut cover 219.

The base 201, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, has a preset outline and is assembled on the frame 12.

The lifting bearing sleeve 202, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, has a tubular preset profile and extends through the base 201.

The first ball bearing 203 is assembled inside one end of the lifting bearing sleeve 202 as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

The bearing pressure plate 204, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, abuts the lifting bearing sleeve 202 and the first ball bearing 203.

The pressure plate lock 2041, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, presses against the bearing pressure plate 204 and is assembled with the lifting bearing sleeve 202 to limit the bearing pressure plate 204.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bottom end of the lifting screw 205 extends through the lifting bearing sleeve 202, the first ball bearing 203, the bearing pressure plate 204, and the pressure plate lock 2041.

The lifting spindle pulley 206, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, is assembled at the bottom end of the lifting screw 205 and disposed below the base 201. It is connected to the first power unit 13 via a belt and is driven by the first power unit 13 to rotate forward and reverse.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the lifting shaft spacer ring 207 is mounted on the outer circumference of the lifting screw 205 and is located between the first ball bearing 203 and the lifting main shaft pulley 206.

The oil seal 208, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, is mounted on the outer periphery of the lifting shaft spacer ring 207.

The receiving shaft fixing plate 209, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, is sleeved onto the outer periphery of the lifting screw 205 and assembled at the top end of the lifting bearing sleeve 202.

The connecting shaft 210, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, is assembled on the top of the connecting shaft fixing plate 209, wherein the connecting shaft 210 is provided with a limit bolt 2101 on the pre-set end screw assembly.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the connecting shaft nut 211 is threaded onto the connecting shaft 210 at one end. It is positioned between the connecting shaft 210 and the lifting screw 205 and allows the lifting screw 205 to thread through and extend, thereby increasing the stability of the lifting screw 205's operation.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the second ball bearing 212 is assembled on the outer periphery of the receiving shaft nut 211 and abuts against the top of the receiving shaft 210.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the steering sleeve 213 is mounted on the outer periphery of the second ball bearing 212 and allows the lifting screw 205 to extend through it. The steering sleeve 213 is radially penetrated by a plurality of pin holes 2131.

As shown in Figures 3-5, the steering pulley 214 is mounted on the outer periphery of the lower section of the steering sleeve 213 and moves with it. A curved rotation limit slot 2141 is recessed into the end surface of the steering pulley 214 to accommodate a limit bolt 2101 on the shaft 210, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the steering pulley 214.

The pulley 214 is then connected to the second power unit 14 and driven by the second power unit 14.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the grinding head lifting shaft 215 is mounted on one end of the outer periphery of the lifting screw 205 and partially extends into the steering sleeve 213. A guide groove 2151 is recessed on each side of the grinding head lifting shaft 215 along its extension direction, matching the pin holes 2131.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the collar 216 is mounted on the outer periphery of the steering sleeve 213 and moves with it. The collar 216 is radially penetrated by a plurality of locking holes 2161, several of which are concentric with the pin holes 2131 and provide locking means for the locking screws 2162.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, each latch 217 has one end extending through a pin hole 2131 and protruding into a guide groove 2151. The other end is pushed forward by a tightening screw 2162. This allows the steering sleeve 213 to rotate in tandem with the grinding head lift shaft 215, limiting the upward and downward displacement of the grinding head lift shaft 215 relative to the steering sleeve 213.

The lifting nut 218, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, is threaded onto the outer periphery of the lifting screw 205 and is connected to the grinding head lifting shaft 215 for simultaneous movement.

The nut cover 219, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, is assembled at the bottom end of the grinding head lifting shaft 215 and abuts against the lifting nut 218.

The steering sensing unit 30, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 7-9, is used to sense the rotation angle of the steering sleeve 213 and includes a steering trigger 31, at least one plate 32, a plurality of steering sensors 33, and a first housing 34.

One end of the steering trigger 31 is assembled on the outer periphery of the steering sleeve 213.

The plate 32 is assembled on the frame 12 to match the position of the spindle unit 200.

Each steering sensor 33 is mounted on a preset position on the plate 32, corresponding to the rotation curve of the steering trigger 31. Each steering sensor 33 is triggered by the steering trigger 31 and outputs a steering signal.

The first housing 34 is assembled and covers the outer periphery of the plate 32 to protect the steering trigger 31 and the steering sensor 33.

The lift sensing unit 40, as shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 5 to 11, is used to sense the lift of the spindle head 11 and includes a vertical plate 41, a lift trigger 42, a plurality of lift sensors 43, and a second cover 44.

The vertical plate 41 is erected on the outer periphery of the collar 216 and has a slot 411 cut along the extending direction of the vertical plate 41.

One end of the lifting trigger 42 is assembled at a preset position on the spindle head 11 and moves with it, while the other end extends through the slot 411 on the vertical plate 41.

Each lift sensor 43 is installed along the slot 411 at a predetermined location on the vertical plate 41. Each lift sensor 43 is triggered by the lift trigger 42 and outputs a lift signal.

The second cover 44 is assembled on the outer periphery of the collar 216 to protect the lift trigger 42 and each lift sensor 43.

As shown in Figure 12, the controller 50 is electrically connected to the first power unit 13, the second power unit 14, the steering sensors 33, and the lift sensors 43. It selectively outputs a first power signal or a second power signal based on the received lift signal or steering signal.

Therefore, the above is an introduction to the various components and assembly methods of the intelligent precision grinding machine provided by the present invention. The operating features of the embodiment of the present invention are introduced below.

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 12, the user places a workpiece (not shown) on the workpiece holder 111 and sets the grinding and cleaning strokes via the controller 50. The controller 50 then moves the spindle head 11 via the spindle unit 200 according to the stroke, causing the corresponding grinding plate 121 to descend to a preset position, allowing the workpiece on the workpiece holder 111 to contact the grinding plate 121 and begin grinding.

After a preset time, the controller 50 instructs the spindle unit 200 to raise the spindle head 11 and rotate it so that the spindle head 11 moves from above the grinding plate 121 to above the water tank 122.

The controller 50 then instructs the spindle unit 200 to lower the spindle head 11, allowing the workpiece to be placed in the water tank 122 for cleaning. This process is repeated to achieve the desired goal of automatically grinding and cleaning the workpiece.

The above-mentioned operation process is only used to illustrate the lifting and rotating functions of the spindle head 11 and is not intended to limit the operation process of the present invention. The corresponding operation methods of each component are described as follows:

<Tow spindle head 11 rises>

As shown in Figures 3 to 6 and 12 to 14, the controller 50 outputs a first power signal to the first power unit 13 to cause it to operate (e.g., clockwise), thereby driving the lifting spindle pulley 206 to rotate, and simultaneously driving the lifting screw 205 mounted thereon to spin.

During the process, the lifting nut 218 is assembled with the grinding head lifting shaft 215, and the guide groove 2151 and each pin 217 of the grinding head lifting shaft 215 are matched to restrain the lifting nut 218 and the grinding head lifting shaft 215 from rotating.

When the lifting screw 205 rotates in the preset direction, the lifting nut 218 rises along the lifting screw 205, simultaneously raising the grinding head lifting shaft 215 connected to the moving assembly and lifting the spindle head 11 mounted thereon.

When the spindle head 11 is lifted, the connected workpiece holder 111 separates from the grinding plate 121 or the water tank 122, making it easier for the user to assemble the workpiece on the workpiece holder 111 or to rotate the spindle head later.

During the aforementioned operation, the controller 50 can output a first power signal to control the rotation of the first power unit 13 and calculate the ascending position of the spindle head 11. This can also be achieved by cooperating with the elevation sensor unit 40. For example, the elevation trigger 42 mounted on the spindle head 11 ascends along the slot 411 of the vertical plate 41, triggering each elevation sensor 43 to output an elevation signal to the controller 50.

<Lower the spindle head 11>

Continuing with the reverse motion described above, the controller 50 outputs a first power signal to the first power unit 13 to cause it to move in the reverse direction (e.g., counterclockwise), thereby driving the lifting spindle pulley 206 to rotate in the reverse direction, and simultaneously causing the lifting screw 205 mounted thereon to spin.

During this process, the lifting screw 205 rotates in the opposite direction, forcing the lifting nut 218 to descend along the lifting screw 205. Simultaneously, the grinding head lifting shaft 215 connected thereto descends, causing the spindle head 11 mounted thereon to descend synchronously.

The workpiece holder 111, which is connected to the spindle head 11, moves toward the grinding plate 121 or the water tank 122, allowing the workpiece mounted on the workpiece holder 111 to contact the grinding plate 121 or be immersed in the water tank 122.

<The traction spindle head 11 swings clockwise>

As shown in Figures 3 to 6, 12, and 15 to 17, the controller 50 outputs a second power signal to the second power unit 14 to cause it to operate (e.g., clockwise), driving the steering pulley 214 to rotate and simultaneously causing the steering sleeve 213 mounted thereon to spin.

As the steering sleeve 213 spins, one end of the pin 217 mounted thereon inserts into the guide groove 2151 of the grinding head lifting shaft 215, synchronously guiding the grinding head lifting shaft 215 to rotate. This also simultaneously rotates and oscillates the spindle head 11, which is connected to the grinding head lifting shaft 215, from the grinding plate 121 toward the water tank 122.

During this process, the rotation limit groove 2141 of the steering pulley 214 interacts with the limit bolt 2101 on the supporting shaft 210 to constrain the rotation angle of the steering pulley 214.

In addition, the controller 50 can also obtain the pulley's rotation angle (spindle head 11) from the steering sensing unit 30. For example, the steering trigger 31, mounted on the outer periphery of the steering sleeve 213, moves in unison with the steering sleeve 213 and selectively triggers the steering sensor 33 to output a steering signal to the controller 50.

<Traction spindle head 11 swings counterclockwise>

To rotate the spindle head 11 from the water tank 122 to the grinding plate 121, the controller 50 outputs a second power signal to the second power unit 14 to activate it (for example, counterclockwise), thereby driving the steering pulley 214 to rotate and simultaneously driving the steering sleeve 213 mounted thereon to rotate.

As the steering sleeve 213 spins, it simultaneously pulls the grinding head lift shaft 215 to rotate, and simultaneously rotates and swings the spindle head 11 connected to the grinding head lift shaft 215, allowing the spindle head 11 to rotate and swing from the water tank 122 to the grinding plate 121.

The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is intended to clarify the features of the present invention. It is not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Equivalent modifications made by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the present invention, as well as modifications well known to persons of ordinary skill in the art, should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

11: Spindle head

111: Workpiece clamp

12: Rack

121: Grinding disc

122:sink

200: Spindle unit

30: Steering sensor unit

40: Lift sensor unit

Claims (7)

An intelligent precision grinding machine includes: a spindle head; a frame having a preset profile and equipped with a grinding plate and a water tank; a first power unit assembled on the frame and actuated by a first power signal; a second power unit assembled on the frame and actuated by a second power signal; a spindle unit connected to the spindle head and the frame and driven by the first and second power units to lift or rotate the spindle head, including: a base having a preset profile and upright on the frame; a lifting bearing sleeve extending through the base assembly; at least one first ball bearing assembled inside one end of the lifting bearing sleeve; A bearing pressure plate is abutted against the lifting bearing sleeve and the first ball bearing; a pressure plate lock is abutted against the bearing pressure plate and assembled with the lifting bearing sleeve; a lifting screw, the bottom end of which extends through the lifting bearing sleeve, the first ball bearing, the bearing pressure plate, and the pressure plate lock; a lifting main shaft pulley is assembled The bottom end of the lifting screw is disposed below the base and is connected to the first power unit to be pulled by it. A receiving shaft fixing plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting screw and assembled to the top end of the lifting bearing sleeve. A receiving shaft is assembled to the top end of the receiving shaft fixing plate. A receiving shaft nut has one end connected to the receiving shaft. The screw is screwed and arranged between the receiving shaft and the lifting screw, and the lifting screw is threaded and extended; at least one second ball bearing is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the receiving shaft nut and abuts against the upper part of the receiving shaft; a steering sleeve is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the second ball bearing and the lifting screw is extended, wherein the steering sleeve is radially penetrated with a plurality of pin holes; a steering pulley is assembled on the outer peripheral side of the lower section of the steering sleeve and is connected to the second power unit and is pulled by it; a grinding head lifting shaft, one end of which is provided for the main shaft head assembly, and the other end is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of one end of the lifting screw and partially extends into the steering sleeve, wherein the grinding head A guide groove is recessed on each side of the head lift shaft, matching the pin holes. A collar is mounted on the outer circumference of the steering sleeve, corresponding to each pin hole. The collar is radially penetrated by multiple lock holes, providing multiple locking screws. Multiple latches extend through the matching pin holes at one end and then protrude into the matching guide grooves, with the other end being pushed forward by the matching lock screws. A lift nut is threaded onto the outer circumference of the lift screw and connected to the grinding head lift shaft. A controller is also electrically connected to the first and second power units, selectively outputting the first and second power signals. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein: The connecting shaft is provided with a limit bolt on the preset end face assembly; The steering pulley has a preset end surface with a rotation limit groove to provide the maximum bolt extension. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein the spindle unit further includes: A steering trigger, one end of which is assembled on the outer periphery of the steering sleeve; A plate is assembled on the frame to match the position of the spindle unit; A plurality of steering sensors are arranged at preset positions on the panel corresponding to the rotation curve of the steering trigger. They are electrically connected to the controller and, when triggered by the steering trigger, output a steering signal to the controller. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein the spindle unit further includes: A vertical plate is erected on the outer periphery of the collar and has a slot cut along the extending direction of the vertical plate; A lifting trigger, one end of which is assembled at a preset position on the spindle head and the other end of which extends through the slot; A plurality of lift sensors are arranged along the slot at predetermined locations on the vertical plate and are electrically connected to the controller. When triggered by the lift trigger, they output a lift signal to the controller. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein a nut cover is provided at the bottom end of the grinding head lifting shaft to abut against the lifting nut. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, wherein the lifting screw is provided with a lifting shaft spacer ring on the outer periphery and is arranged between the first ball bearing and the lifting main shaft pulley. The intelligent precision grinding machine as described in claim 6, wherein the outer peripheral side sleeve of the lifting shaft spacer ring is provided with at least one oil seal.