TWI892382B - Integrated multi-feed antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides an integrated multi-feed antenna, comprising a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer and a plurality of feeding conductor lines. The second conductor layer has a first center position. The second conductor layer has a closed slit structure. The closed slit structure surrounds the first center position to encircle forming a center area. The second conductor layer is spaced apart from the first conductor layer at a first interval. Each of the plurality of feeding conductor lines has one end electrically connecting to or electrically coupled to the second conductor layer, and each has another end electrically connecting to a signal source. Each of the plurality of feeding conductor lines excites the second conductor layer to generate at least one resonant mode. The plurality of resonant modes cover at least one identical wireless communication band.

Description

Integrated multi-feed antenna

The technical field to which the present invention belongs is related to a multi-feed antenna design, and more particularly to a multi-feed antenna architecture capable of achieving high integration.

To improve wireless communication quality and data transmission rates, the application of multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) multi-antenna arrays, variable-pattern multi-antenna array architectures, and high-gain multi-antenna arrays has become widespread. Consequently, multi-antenna co-architecture designs, with their high integration advantages, have become a hot research topic. However, successfully designing broadband antenna units into a highly integrated multi-antenna array while simultaneously achieving good matching and isolation remains a significant technical challenge.

When multiple antennas operating in the same frequency band are integrated into an antenna array, mutual coupling interference may occur, resulting in a deterioration in the isolation between the feed ports of the multiple antennas, which in turn leads to a decrease in radiation characteristics and antenna efficiency. This also causes a decrease in data transmission speed, increasing the difficulty of implementing multi-antenna integration. Some previous technical literature has proposed designing a resonant structure on the ground plane between multiple antennas as a coupling energy isolator to improve the energy isolation between multiple antennas. However, such a design method may lead to the excitation of additional coupling currents, resulting in an increase in the correlation coefficient between multiple antennas. It may also increase the overall size of the multi-antenna array, causing process instability factors, and thus increasing mass production costs. Therefore, it is not easy to be widely implemented in various different communication equipment or devices.

Therefore, a highly integrated antenna array design method that can solve the above problems is needed to meet the practical application requirements of future high-data transmission communication devices or equipment.

In view of this, the present disclosure discloses an integrated multi-feed antenna. Some implementation examples according to the example can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

According to one embodiment, the present disclosure provides an integrated multi-feed antenna. The multi-feed antenna array includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a plurality of feed conductive lines. The second conductive layer has a first center position. The second conductive layer also has a closed slot structure. The closed slot structure surrounds the first center position to form a central area. There is a first distance between the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer. The plurality of feed conductive lines each have one end electrically connected or electrically coupled to the second conductive layer, and each have the other end electrically connected to a signal source. The plurality of feed conductive lines each excite the second conductive layer to generate at least one resonant mode of their own. The plurality of resonance modes cover at least one same wireless communication frequency band.

In order to better understand the above and other aspects of this case, the following examples are given and illustrated in detail with reference to the accompanying figures:

Figure 1A illustrates the structure of an integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1A , the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 comprises a first conductive layer 11, a second conductive layer 12, and a plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133. The second conductive layer 12 has a first center 121. The second conductive layer 12 also includes a closed slot structure 122. The closed slot structure 122 surrounds the first center 121 to form a central region 123. A first distance d1 is defined between the second conductive layer 12 and the first conductive layer 11. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133 has one end electrically coupled to the second conductive layer 12 and another end electrically connected to a signal source 141, 142, and 143. The plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133 each excite the second conductive layer 12 to generate at least one resonant mode 1411, 1421, and 1431 (as shown in FIG. 1B ). The plurality of resonant modes 1411, 1421, and 1431 cover at least one identical wireless communication frequency band 15 (as shown in FIG. 1B ).

The closed slot structure 122 has a slot spacing s1 that is between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band 15 (4.6 GHz to 4.9 GHz, as shown in FIG. 1B ). The area of the central region 123 is smaller than the area of the second conductive layer 12, ranging from 0.01 to 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 12. The area of the second conductive layer 12 is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer 11 and is between 0.13 wavelengths squared and 0.79 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15. The area of the central region 123 is between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15. The number of the plurality of feed conductive lines 131, 132, 133 is 3. The number of the plurality of feed conductive lines 131, 132, 133 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. The plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, 133 are located between the first conductive layer 11 and the second conductive layer 12. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, 133 has one end electrically coupled to the second conductive layer 12, and each of the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, 133 has a coupling distance s131, s132, s133 with the second conductive layer 12. The coupling distances s131, s132, s133 are between 0.005 wavelength and 0.19 wavelength, which is the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15. The first distance d1 is between 0.0023 and 0.29 wavelengths, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15. The signal sources 141, 142, and 143 are transmission lines, impedance matching circuits, amplifier circuits, feed networks, switching circuits, connector components, filter circuits, integrated circuit chips, or radio frequency front-end modules. In practical applications, the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 can be manufactured and assembled using, but is not limited to, circuit board manufacturing processes, conductor cutting processes, plastic injection molding processes, and plastic metallization processes. The integrated multi-feed antenna 1 can be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, or a beamforming antenna system, or can be used to improve radiation gain through a transmission line or an RF feed network electrical connection.

FIG1A shows an integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The second conductive layer 12 is designed to have a closed slot structure 122 , and the closed slot structure 122 is designed to surround the first center position 121 to form a central area 123 . The closed slot structure 122 is designed to have a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15 (4.6 GHz to 4.9 GHz, as shown in FIG1B ). This effectively suppresses the energy coupling of the resonant currents generated by the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133 in the second conductive layer 12, successfully achieving good isolation between the plurality of resonant modes 1411, 1421, and 1431 (as shown in FIG1C ), achieving the technical effect of multi-signal source co-integration. The area of the central region 123 is designed to be between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 12. The area of the central region 123 is designed to be between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 15. This optimizes the input impedance between the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133 and the second conductive layer 12, successfully achieving good impedance matching between the plurality of resonant modes 1411, 1421, and 1431 (as shown in FIG. 1B ). Therefore, the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 of an embodiment of the present disclosure can successfully achieve the technical benefits of multi-antenna compatible integration. The integrated multi-feed antenna 1 can be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, or a beamforming antenna system, or can be used to improve radiation gain through a transmission line or an RF feed network electrical connection.

Figure 1B shows a return loss curve for an integrated multi-feedback antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The antenna was fabricated and assembled using a selective conductor cutting process, and experiments were conducted with the following dimensions: the slot spacing s1 was approximately 0.89 mm; the first spacing d1 was approximately 8.3 mm; the area of the central region 123 was approximately 15.2 ^mm² ; the area of the second conductive layer 12 was approximately 641.1 ^mm² ; and the coupling spacings s131, s132, and s133 were all approximately 1.6 mm. As shown in FIG1B , the plurality of feed conductors 131, 132, and 133 each successfully excite the second conductive layer 12 to generate at least one well-matched resonant mode 1411, 1421, and 1431 (as shown in FIG1B ), covering at least one identical wireless communication band 15 (4.6 GHz to 4.9 GHz, as shown in FIG1B ). In this embodiment, the frequency range of the wireless communication band 15 is 4.6 GHz to 4.9 GHz, and the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 15 is 4.6 GHz. FIG1C is a graph of the isolation of the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1C , the isolation curve between signal source 141 and signal source 142 is 1412, the isolation curve between signal source 141 and signal source 143 is 1413, and the isolation curve between signal source 142 and signal source 143 is 1423. As shown in FIG1D , the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 achieves good isolation between the multi-feed signal source 141 and both the signal sources 142 and 143.

The communication band operations and experimental data shown in Figures 1B and 1C are intended solely to demonstrate the technical efficacy of the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 of Figure 1A , an embodiment of the present disclosure. They are not intended to limit the communication band operations, applications, and specifications of the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 in practical applications. Multiple integrated multi-feed antennas can be configured to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array for applications in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, field-switching antenna systems, beamforming antenna systems, or to enhance radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

Figure 2A illustrates the structure of an integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2A , the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 includes a first conductive layer 21, a second conductive layer 22, and a plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232. The second conductive layer 22 has a first center 221. The second conductive layer 22 also includes a closed slot structure 222. The closed slot structure 222 surrounds the first center 221 to form a central region 223. A first distance d1 is defined between the second conductive layer 22 and the first conductive layer 21. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 has one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 22 and another end electrically connected to a signal source 241 or 242. The plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 each excite the second conductive layer 22 to generate at least one resonant mode 2411 or 2421, respectively. These resonant modes 2411 and 2421 cover at least one identical wireless communication band 25 (as shown in FIG. 2B ). The integrated multi-feed antenna 2 of this embodiment includes a third conductive layer 26 located between the first conductive layer 21 and the third conductive layer 26. A second distance d2 is defined between the third conductive layer 26 and the second conductive layer 22. The second distance d2 is between 0.011 and 0.23 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. The area of the third conductive layer 26 is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer 21, and is between the square of 0.13 and 0.83 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. The third conductive layer 26 has a second center position 261, which is aligned with the first center position 221 of the second conductive layer 22.

The closed slot structure 222 has a slot spacing s1 that is between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25 (3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz, as shown in FIG. 2B ). The area of the central region 223 is smaller than the area of the second conductive layer 22, ranging from 0.01 to 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 22. The area of the second conductive layer 22 is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer 21 and is between 0.13 wavelengths squared and 0.79 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. The area of the central region 223 is between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. The number of the plurality of feed conductive lines 231, 232 is 2. The number of the plurality of feed conductive lines 231, 232 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. The plurality of feed conductive lines 231, 232 are located between the first conductive layer 21 and the second conductive layer 22. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 has one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 22. The first spacing d1 is between 0.0023 and 0.29 wavelengths, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. The signal sources 241 and 242 are transmission lines, impedance matching circuits, amplifier circuits, feed networks, switching circuits, connector components, filter circuits, integrated circuit chips, or radio frequency front-end modules. In practical applications, the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 can be manufactured and assembled using, but is not limited to, circuit board manufacturing processes, conductor cutting processes, plastic injection molding processes, and plastic metallization processes. The integrated multi-feed antenna 2 can be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, or a beamforming antenna system, or can be used to improve radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

FIG2A shows an integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Although the plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 are each electrically connected to the second conductive layer 22 and a third conductive layer 26 is provided between the first conductive layer 21 and the third conductive layer 26, the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 is not identical to the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to the embodiment. However, the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 also includes a closed slot structure 222 on the second conductive layer 22, and the closed slot structure 222 is designed to surround the first center position 221 to form a central area 223. The closed slot structure 222 is designed to have a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. This effectively suppresses the energy coupling of the resonant currents generated by the plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 in the second conductive layer 22, successfully achieving good isolation between the plurality of resonant modes 2411 and 2421 (as shown in FIG. 2C ), achieving the technical effect of co-integrating multiple signal sources 241 and 242. Furthermore, the area of the central region 223 is designed to be between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 22. The area of the central region 223 is designed to be between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band 25. This optimizes the input impedance between the plurality of feed conductors 231, 232 and the second conductive layer 22, successfully achieving good impedance matching between the plurality of resonant modes 2411, 2421 (as shown in FIG. 2B ). Therefore, the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 of an embodiment of the present disclosure can also successfully achieve the same multi-antenna compatible integration technical benefits as the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 of the embodiment. The integrated multi-feed antenna 2 can also be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, a beamforming antenna system, or to improve radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

Figure 2B shows the return loss curve of an integrated multi-feedback antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The antenna was fabricated and assembled using a selected circuit board (Dk value of approximately 3.48 and Df value of approximately 0.003). Experiments were conducted with the following dimensions: the slot spacing s1 was approximately 0.33 mm; the first spacing d1 was approximately 1 mm; the area of the central region 223 was approximately 12.6 ^mm² ; the area of the second conductive layer 22 was approximately 530.7 ^mm² ; the area of the third conductive layer 26 was approximately 855.3 ^mm² ; and the second spacing d2 was approximately 5.5 mm. As shown in FIG2B , the plurality of feed conductors 231 and 232 each successfully excite the second conductive layer 22 to generate at least one well-matched resonant mode 2411 and 2421 (as shown in FIG2B ), covering at least one identical wireless communication band 25 (3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz, as shown in FIG2B ). In this embodiment, the wireless communication band 25 has a frequency range of 3.3 GHz to 3.8 GHz, and the lowest operating frequency of the first communication band 25 is 3.3 GHz. FIG2C is a graph of the isolation of the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2C , the isolation curve between the signal source 241 and the signal source 242 is 2412. As shown in Figure 2C, the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 achieves good isolation between the multi-feed signal source 241 and the signal source 242. Figure 2D shows the radiation efficiency curves of the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The radiation efficiency curve for the signal source 241 is 24111, and the radiation efficiency curve for the signal source 242 is 24211. As shown in Figure 2D, the resonant modes 2411 and 2421 of the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 achieve good radiation efficiency.

The communication frequency band operations and experimental data shown in Figures 2B, 2C, and 2D are intended solely to demonstrate the technical efficacy of the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 of Figure 2A , an embodiment of the present disclosure. They are not intended to limit the communication frequency band operations, applications, and specifications of the disclosed integrated multi-feed antenna 2 in practical applications. Multiple integrated multi-feed antennas 2 can be configured to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array for applications in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, field-switching antenna systems, beamforming antenna systems, or to enhance radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

Figure 3 illustrates the structure of an integrated multi-feed antenna 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3 , the integrated multi-feed antenna 3 comprises a first conductive layer 31, a second conductive layer 32, and a plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332. The second conductive layer 32 has a first center position 321. The second conductive layer 32 also has a closed slot structure 322. The closed slot structure 322 surrounds the first center position 321 to form a central region 323. The central region 323 has a central slot structure 3231. The closed slot structure 322 has two electrical short-circuit structures 3221 and 3222. The electrical short-circuit structures 3221 and 3222 electrically connect the central region 323 and the second conductive layer 32. A first distance d1 is defined between the second conductive layer 32 and the first conductive layer 31. The plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 each have one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 32 and another end electrically connected to a signal source 341 or 342. The plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 each excite the second conductive layer 32 to generate at least one resonant mode. These resonant modes encompass at least one common wireless communication frequency band.

The closed slot structure 322 has a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The area of the central region 323 is smaller than the area of the second conductive layer 32 and is between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 32. The area of the second conductive layer 32 is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer 31 and is between 0.13 and 0.79 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The area of the central region 323 is between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The number of the plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 is 2. The number of the plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 has one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 32. The plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 are parallel to the second conductive layer 32. The plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 can also be disposed between the first conductive layer 31 and the second conductive layer 32, parallel to the second conductive layer 32, and each having a coupling distance d1 between them. The first distance d1 is between 0.0023 and 0.29 wavelengths, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The signal sources 341 and 342 can be transmission lines, impedance matching circuits, amplifier circuits, feed networks, switching circuits, connector components, filter circuits, integrated circuit chips, or RF front-end modules. In practical applications, the integrated multi-feed antenna 3 can be manufactured and assembled using, but not limited to, circuit board manufacturing processes, conductor cutting processes, plastic injection molding processes, and plastic metallization processes. Multiple integrated multi-feed antennas 3 can be configured to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be used in multiple-input multiple-output antenna systems, field-switching antenna systems, or beamforming antenna systems, or to enhance radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

FIG3 shows an integrated multi-feed antenna 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Although the plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 are each electrically connected to and parallel to the second conductive layer 32, the central region 323 is designed to have a central slot structure 3231, the closed slot structure 322 is designed to have two electrical short-circuit structures 3221 and 3222, and the second conductive layer 32 is square in shape, these are not identical to the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to the embodiment. However, the integrated multi-feed antenna 3 also features a closed slot structure 322 on the second conductive layer 32, which surrounds the first center position 321 to form a central region 323. Furthermore, the closed slot structure 322 is designed to have a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. This effectively suppresses the degree of energy coupling between the resonant currents generated by the plurality of feed conductors 331 and 332 in the second conductive layer 32, successfully achieving good isolation between the plurality of resonant modes and the technical effectiveness of co-integrating multiple signal sources 341 and 342. The area of the central region 323 is designed to be between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 32. Furthermore, the area of the central region 323 is designed to be between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. This optimizes the input impedance between the plurality of feed conductors 331, 332 and the second conductive layer 32, successfully achieving good impedance matching between the plurality of resonant modes. Therefore, the integrated multi-feed antenna 3 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure can also successfully achieve the same multi-antenna compatible integration technical benefits as the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 of the first embodiment. The integrated multi-feed antenna 3 can also be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, a beamforming antenna system, or to improve radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

Figure 4 illustrates the structure of an integrated multi-feed antenna 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4 , the integrated multi-feed antenna 4 includes a first conductive layer 41, a second conductive layer 42, and a plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, and 433. The second conductive layer 42 has a first center position 421. The second conductive layer 42 also includes a closed slot structure 422. The closed slot structure 422 surrounds the first center position 421 to form a central region 423. The central region 423 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 41 via a ground conductor 4232. A first distance d1 is defined between the second conductive layer 42 and the first conductive layer 41. The second conductive layer 42 is generally circular. The plurality of feed conductive lines 431, 432, and 433 each have one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 42 and another end electrically connected to a signal source 441, 442, and 443. Each of the plurality of feed conductive lines 431, 432, and 433 excites the second conductive layer 42 to generate at least one resonant mode, each of which covers at least one common wireless communication frequency band. The integrated multi-feed antenna 4 of this embodiment also includes a third conductive layer 46. The second conductive layer 42 is located between the first conductive layer 41 and the third conductive layer 46. A second distance d2 is defined between the third conductive layer 46 and the second conductive layer 42. The third conductive layer 46 is generally square. The second spacing d2 is between 0.011 and 0.23 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The area of the third conductive layer 46 is smaller than that of the first conductive layer 41, ranging from 0.13 to 0.83 wavelengths squared of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The third conductive layer 46 has a second center position 461 that is aligned with the first center position 421 of the second conductive layer 42.

The closed slot structure 422 has a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The area of the central region 423 is smaller than the area of the second conductive layer 42 and is between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 42. The area of the second conductive layer 42 is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer 41 and is between 0.13 and 0.79 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The area of the central region 423 is between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The number of the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, 433 is 3. The number of the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, 433 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. The plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, 433 are located between the first conductive layer 41 and the second conductive layer 42. Each of the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, 433 has one end electrically connected to the second conductive layer 42. The first distance d1 is between 0.0023 wavelengths and 0.29 wavelengths, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The signal sources 441, 442, and 443 are transmission lines, impedance matching circuits, amplifier circuits, feed networks, switching circuits, connector components, filter circuits, integrated circuit chips, or radio frequency front-end modules. In practical applications, the integrated multi-feed antenna 4 can be manufactured and assembled using, but not limited to, circuit board manufacturing processes, conductor cutting processes, plastic injection molding processes, and plastic metallization processes. The integrated multi-feed antenna 4 can be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, or a beamforming antenna system, or can be electrically connected to a transmission line or RF feed network to increase radiation gain.

FIG4 shows an integrated multi-feed antenna 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Although the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, and 433 are each electrically connected to the second conductive layer 42, and the central region 423 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 41 via a ground conductor 4232, the antenna also includes a third conductive layer 46, with the second conductive layer 42 located between the first conductive layer 41 and the third conductive layer 46. This design is not entirely identical to the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to the embodiment. However, the integrated multi-feed antenna 4 is also designed to have a closed slot structure 422 on the second conductive layer 42, and the closed slot structure 422 is designed to surround the first center position 421 to form a central area 423. The closed slot structure 422 is designed to have a slot spacing s1 between 0.001 and 0.08 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. This effectively suppresses the energy coupling of the resonant currents generated by the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, and 433 in the second conductive layer 42, successfully achieving good isolation between the plurality of resonant modes and realizing the technical effectiveness of co-integration of multiple signal sources 441, 442, and 443. Furthermore, the area of the central region 423 is designed to be between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer 42. The area of the central region 423 is designed to be between 0.018 wavelengths squared and 0.35 wavelengths squared, the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. This optimizes the input impedance between the plurality of feed conductors 431, 432, 433 and the second conductive layer 42, successfully achieving good impedance matching between the plurality of resonant modes. Therefore, the integrated multi-feed antenna 4 of the first embodiment of this disclosure can also successfully achieve the same multi-antenna compatible integration technical benefits as the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 of the first embodiment. The integrated multi-feed antenna 4 can also be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, a beamforming antenna system, or to improve radiation gain through transmission lines or RF feed network electrical connections.

FIG5 illustrates the structure of an integrated multi-feed antenna array 5 formed from three sets of integrated multi-feed antennas 4 (as shown in FIG4 ) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The signal source may be a transmission line, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, a feed network, a switch circuit, a connector component, a filter circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or an RF front-end module. In practical applications, the integrated multi-feed antenna array 5 can be manufactured and assembled using, but is not limited to, circuit board manufacturing processes, conductor cutting processes, plastic injection molding processes, and plastic metallization processes. The integrated multi-feed antenna array 5 is used in a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, or a beamforming antenna system, or to enhance radiation gain through electrical connections to a transmission line or RF feed network. FIG. 5 is merely one example of configuring multiple integrated multi-feed antennas to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array. It is not intended to limit the number, combinations, shapes, or methods of integrated multi-feed antenna arrays that can be formed using the disclosed integrated multi-feed antennas in practical applications.

In summary, although this application has been disclosed above through embodiments, these are not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and enhancements are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection for this application shall be determined by the appended patent application.

1, 2, 3, 4: Integrated multi-feed antenna 11, 21, 31, 41, 51: First conductive layer 12, 22, 32, 42: Second conductive layer 121, 221, 321, 421: First center position 122, 222, 322, 422: Closed slot structure 123, 223, 323, 423: Central region 131, 132, 133, 231, 232, 331, 332, 431, 432, 433: Feed conductors 141, 142, 143, 241, 242, 341, 342, 441, 442, 443: Signal source 1411, 1421, 1431, 2411, 2421: Resonant mode return loss curves 1412, 1413, 1423, 2412: Isolation curves 24111, 24211: Radiation efficiency curves 15, 25: Wireless communication frequency bands 26, 46: Third conductor layer 261, 461: Second center position 3221, 3222: Electrical short-circuit structure 3231: Central slot structure 4232: Ground conductor 5: Integrated multi-feed antenna array d1: First spacing d2: Second spacing s1: Slot spacing s131, s132, s133: Coupling spacing

Figure 1A is a structural diagram of an integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1B is a graph showing return loss for the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1C is a graph showing isolation for the integrated multi-feed antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2A is a structural diagram of an integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2B is a graph showing return loss for the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2C is a graph showing isolation for the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2D is a graph showing radiation efficiency for the integrated multi-feed antenna 2 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a structural diagram of an integrated multi-feed antenna 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 is a block diagram of an integrated multi-feed antenna 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 is a block diagram of an integrated multi-feed antenna array 5 formed by configuring multiple sets of integrated multi-feed antennas 4 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

1: Integrated multi-feed antenna 11: First conductive layer 12: Second conductive layer 121: First center position 122: Closed slot structure 123: Central region 131, 132, 133: Feed conductors 141, 142, 143: Signal source d1: First spacing s1: Slot spacing s131, s132, s133: Coupling spacing

Claims (18)

An integrated multi-feed antenna comprises: a first conductive layer; a second conductive layer having a first center position, the second conductive layer having a closed slot structure, the closed slot structure surrounding the first center position to form a central area, the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer having a first distance therebetween; a plurality of feed conductive lines, each having one end electrically connected or electrically coupled The plurality of feed conductors are connected to the second conductive layer and each has another end electrically connected to a signal source. The plurality of feed conductors each excite the second conductive layer to generate at least one resonant mode. The plurality of resonant modes cover at least one same wireless communication frequency band. The area of the central region is smaller than the area of the second conductive layer and is between 0.01 and 0.43 times the area of the second conductive layer. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein the closed slot structure has a slot pitch that is between 0.001 wavelength and 0.08 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein the area of the second conductive layer is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer, and the area of the second conductive layer is between 0.13 wavelength squared and 0.79 wavelength squared of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein an area of the central region is between 0.018 wavelength squared and 0.35 wavelength squared of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of feed conductors is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein the plurality of feed conductors are located between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer or parallel to the second conductor layer. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of feed conductors has one end electrically coupled to the second conductive layer, and each of the plurality of feed conductors has a coupling distance with the second conductive layer. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 7, wherein the coupling distance is between 0.005 wavelength and 0.19 wavelength of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein the first spacing is between 0.0023 wavelengths and 0.29 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein a third conductor layer is provided, the second conductor layer is located between the first conductor layer and the third conductor layer, and a second distance is provided between the third conductor layer and the second conductor layer. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 10, wherein the second spacing is between 0.011 wavelengths and 0.23 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency of the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 10, wherein the area of the third conductive layer is smaller than the area of the first conductive layer, and the area of the third conductive layer is between 0.13 wavelength squared and 0.83 wavelength squared of the lowest operating frequency in the wireless communication band. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 10, wherein the third conductive layer has a second center position, and the second center position is aligned with the first center position of the second conductive layer. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein the central region is electrically connected to the first conductive layer via a ground conductive line. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein the central area has a central slot structure. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1, wherein the closed slot structure has at least one electrical short-circuit structure. The integrated multi-feed antenna as described in claim 1, wherein the signal source is a transmission line, an impedance matching circuit, an amplifier circuit, a feed network, a switch circuit, a connector component, a filter circuit, an integrated circuit chip, or an RF front-end module. The integrated multi-feed antenna of claim 1 can be configured in multiple groups to form an integrated multi-feed antenna array, which can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system, a field-switching antenna system, a beamforming antenna system, or to improve radiation gain through electrical connection of a transmission line or radio frequency feed network.