TWI882133B - Polarized camera - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a polarization imaging device that can measure in a wide-band wavelength range even if white light is used as a light source, that is, can form color images. The present invention provides a polarization imaging device that has, in order from an imaged object, a lens element, a first polarization diffraction grating element, a second polarization diffraction grating element having a grating period shorter than that of the first polarization diffraction grating element, and a light receiving element. Preferably, the polarization imaging device has, in order from an imaged object, a lens element, a first polarization diffraction grating element, a second polarization diffraction grating element having a grating period shorter than that of the first polarization diffraction grating element, an imaging position correction element, and a light receiving element.

Description

Polarized camera

The present invention relates to a polarized imaging device having, in order from an imaging object, a lens element, a first polarized diffraction grating element, a second polarized diffraction grating element and a light receiving element, preferably a polarized imaging device having a lens element, a first polarized diffraction grating element, a second polarized diffraction grating element, an imaging position correction element and a light receiving element.

Polarization, one of the parameters of light waves, changes greatly when interacting with matter, so information about the matter can be obtained by measuring polarization. Therefore, polarization measurement is used in various fields such as medicine and sensing.

Various methods of measuring polarization state have been reported since ancient times. The most representative polarization measurement methods are the rotational polarization method and the rotational phase shift method using a rotating polarizer and a wavelength plate. These methods rotate the polarizing element while observing the time waveform of the light intensity corresponding to the polarization state of the incident light. Then, the obtained time waveform is Fourier analyzed and the information of the Stokes parameter is restored. This method has a long research history and is characterized by high measurement accuracy due to the implementation of various error reductions. However, on the other hand, since the polarizing element is rotated multiple times over time and the information necessary for the restoration of the Stokes parameter is obtained, it is not conducive to the method of measuring objects whose polarization state changes over time. If polarization measurement is considered to be applied to medical devices and remote sensing, it is extremely necessary to measure the polarization state of the object, and to measure the spatial distribution of polarization using snapshots, etc.

There are several examples of polarization measurement methods for polarization cameras that can measure the spatial distribution of polarization by snapshots before the present invention. One example is to distribute wavelength plates or even polarizers in four directions according to the orientation of their optical axes on the array of light-receiving elements, and to use every four pixels for the measurement of the rotational polarization method or even the rotational phase shift method (non-patent document 1 or 2). With this method, there is no need for a mechanical moving part for rotating the polarization element, and because the information required for obtaining the Stokes parameters can be obtained by acquiring an image once, imaging polarization measurement can be performed statically and in snapshots. However, the array of light-receiving elements and the array of polarization elements must be correctly aligned, which is not easy to manufacture. In addition, due to the discontinuity of the phase difference generated at the boundary of the polarizing element array, there is also the risk of generating diffracted light that is not conducive to measurement.

Another example of previous research on polarization imaging using snapshots is a photographic polarimeter using a polarization shatter film that utilizes the spatial carrier of polarization interference (non-patent document 3). This method does not produce the diffraction effect of the array element mentioned above. However, this method has the difficulty of increasing the cost because it requires expensive optical elements such as shatter films.

The inventors who partially overlap with the inventors of the present application have proposed a camera device that overcomes the difficulty (non-patent document 4). That is, the proposal does not require a mechanical moving part, but can perform polarization imaging measurement by snapshots, especially a polarization camera device that does not require high-precision alignment of the polarization element, and more especially a polarization camera device that is relatively low in cost. However, even for the camera device, if white light is used as the light source, the image is separated by each wavelength due to the wavelength dispersion caused by the diffraction grating, so the imaged object is sometimes two-dimensional in size, and there is a problem that only a narrow band wavelength range can be measured. [Prior technical document]

[Non-patent document 1] T. Sato, T. Araki, Y. Sasaki, T. Tsuru, T. Tadokoro, and S. Kawakami, "Compact ellipsometer employing a static polarimeter module with arrayed polarizer and wave-plate elements," Appl. Opt. 46, 4963-4967 (2007). [Non-patent document 2] G. Myhre, W. L. Hsu, A. Peinado, C. LaCasse, N. Brock, R. A. Chipman, and S. Pau, "Liquid crystal polymer full-stokes division of focal plane polarimeter," Opt. Express 20, 27393-27409 (2012). [Non-patent document 3] H. Luo, K. Oka, E. DeHoog, M. Kudenov, J. Schiewgerling, and E. L. Dereniak, “Compact and miniature snapshot imaging polarimeter,” Appl. Opt. 47, 4413-4417 (2008). [Non-patent document 4] K. Noda, R. Momosaki, J. Matsubara, M. Sakamoto, T. Sasaki, N. Kawatsuki, K. Goto, and H. Ono, “Polarization imaging using an anisotropic diffraction grating and liquid crystal retarders”, Appl. Opt. 57, 8870-8875 (2018).

[The problem that the invention wants to solve]

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a polarization imaging device that can measure a wide-band wavelength range, that is, can produce color images even if white light is used as a light source. [Means for solving the problem]

The inventors of the present invention have found the following invention. ＜1＞ A polarized imaging device, which has a lens element, a first polarized diffraction grating element, a second polarized diffraction grating element having a grating period shorter than that of the first polarized diffraction grating element, and a light receiving element in order from the imaging object. ＜2＞ The polarized imaging device as described in ＜1＞ above, wherein an imaging position correction element may be further provided on the side of the light receiving element (rear) closer to the second polarized diffraction grating element and on the side of the imaging object (front) closer to the light receiving element. ＜3＞ The polarized imaging device as described in ＜2＞ above, wherein the imaging position correction element may be a prism or a mirror.

<4> A polarized imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <3> above, wherein the first and second polarized diffraction grating elements have polarized diffraction gratings with a plurality of grating vectors having mutually different directions, and the grating vectors are at least anisotropic orientation or birefringence and are periodically modulated. <5> A polarized imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <4> above, wherein the first and second polarized diffraction grating elements have polarized diffraction gratings that spatially separate information on Stokes parameters of incident light according to the distribution of anisotropic orientation and birefringence and convert them into intensity information.

<6> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <5> above, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diffraction grating elements may include a polarizing diffraction grating having a photoreactive polymer film having photoreactive side chains that produce at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. <7> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <6> above, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diffraction grating elements include a polarizing diffraction grating consisting only of a photoreactive polymer film having photoreactive side chains that produce at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. <8> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <7> above, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diffraction grating elements include a polarizing diffraction grating having: I) a first transparent substrate layer; and II) a first photoreactive polymer film having a first photoreactive side chain that produces at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization.

<9> A polarized light camera device as described in <8> above, wherein the first and/or second polarized light diversion grating element comprises a polarized light diversion grating having III) a second transparent substrate layer; and IV) a second photoreactive polymer film having a second photoreactive side chain that produces at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization; The aforementioned II) first photoreactive polymer film and the aforementioned IV) second photoreactive polymer film are arranged opposite to each other, and a (B) low molecular liquid crystal layer is arranged between the aforementioned II) first film and the aforementioned IV) second film.

<10> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <9> above, wherein a polarizing diffraction grating is formed by forming an arbitrary diffraction pattern on a photoreactive polymer film by interfering polarization required for exposure of the polymer film, and the polarizing diffraction grating spatially separates information on Stokes parameters of light incident on the polymer film according to the anisotropic orientation and birefringence distribution formed on the polymer film and converts it into intensity information. <11> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <1> to <10> above, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diffraction grating element is a polarizing diffraction grating having good diffraction efficiency of ±1-order light.

<12> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <11> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) to (6):

(wherein, A, B, and D each independently represent a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; S is an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted by halogen groups; T is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted by halogen groups; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2-6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents through a bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may be independently substituted by -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon numbers; Y ₂ is a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group consisting of the above groups, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the above groups may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or represents the same definition as Y ₁ ; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-, and when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different from each other; Cou represents coumarin-6-yl or coumarin-7-yl, and the hydrogen atom bonded thereto may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; q1 and q2 are one of 1 and the other of 0; q3 is 0 or 1; P and Q are each independently a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group formed by a combination thereof; however, when X is -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, the P or Q on the side to which -CH=CH- is bonded is an aromatic ring, and when the number of P is 2 or more, the Ps may be the same or different from each other, and when the number of Q is 2 or more, the Qs may be the same or different from each other; l1 is 0 or 1; l2 is an integer from 0 to 2; when both l1 and l2 are 0, when T is a single bond, A also represents a single bond; when l1 is 1, when T is a single bond, B also represents a single bond; H and I are each independently selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a combination thereof).

<13> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (7) to (10):

(wherein, A, B, and D each independently represent a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; _Y1 represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may each independently be _-COOR0 (wherein, _R0 represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), _-NO2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl with 1 to 5 carbon atoms or alkoxy with 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-, when X is 2, X may be the same or different; l represents an integer of 1 to 12; m represents an integer of 0 to 2, m1 and m2 represent integers of 1 to 3; n represents an integer of 0 to 12 (but when n=0, B is a single bond); _Y2 is a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthyl ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon with 5 to 8 carbon atoms and a group formed by combining the above, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the above may each be independently substituted by _-NO2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R represents hydroxyl, alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or has the same definition as Y ₁ ).

<14> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (11) to (13):

(wherein, A independently represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-, and when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, m represents an integer of 0 to 2, and m1 represents an integer of 1 to 3; R represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded via a bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may be independently substituted by -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or R represents a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).

<15> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (14) or (15):

(wherein A independently represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents can be independently -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; l represents an integer from 1 to 12, and m1 and m2 represent integers from 1 to 3).

<16> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (16) or (17):

(wherein A represents a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; when the number of X is 2, X may be the same as or different from each other; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, and m represents an integer of 0 to 2).

<17> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photosensitive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formula (18) or (19):

(wherein, A and B independently represent a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents can be independently -COOR ₀ (wherein, R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; q1 and q2 are 1 and 0 respectively; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, m1 and m2 represent integers of 1 to 3; _R1 represents a hydrogen atom, _-NO2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms).

<18> A polarizing imaging device as described in any one of <6> to <12> above, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (20):

(wherein A represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents can be independently -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or alkoxy with 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different; l represents an integer from 1 to 12, and m represents an integer from 0 to 2). [Effects of the invention]

The present invention can provide a polarization imaging device that can measure within a wide-band wavelength range, i.e., can produce color images, even if white light is used as a light source.

＜Polarized camera＞

This application provides a polarized imaging device having a lens element, a first polarized light diversion grating element, a second polarized light diversion grating element, and a light receiving element in order from the imaging object, preferably a polarized imaging device having a lens element, a first polarized light diversion grating element, a second polarized light diversion grating element, an imaging position correction element, and a light receiving element. The polarization imaging device of the present application is particularly characterized by being closer to the light receiving element than the first polarization diffraction grating element and being provided with a second polarization diffraction grating element having a grating period (second grating period) shorter than the grating period (first grating period) of the first polarization diffraction grating element, so that the wavelength dispersion (chromatic dispersion) generated by the first polarization diffraction grating element can be re-focused on the light receiving element at the imaging position, thereby achieving color imaging.

The principle of the polarization camera device of the present application is briefly explained. First, the method of obtaining the Stokes parameters using a polarization diversion grating is described. FIG. 1 shows the spatial distribution of the anisotropy of the polarization diversion grating used in the present invention and an overview of its diffraction characteristics. The polarization diversion grating used in the present invention is distributed so that the orientation of the optical axis rotates relative to the grating direction. If light is allowed to pass through the polarization diversion grating, the left and right circularly polarized components constituting the incident light are separated and diffracted into the ±1st order light directions, respectively. If the intensities of the ±1st order light are set to I _RCP and I _LCP , S3 can be obtained by the following formula I.

[Number 1]

However, according to this principle, the diffraction angle when white light is transmitted has wavelength dependence, which causes angle separation for each wavelength. Therefore, for a spatially wide measurement object, the images overlap in a spatially displaced state, and polarization analysis cannot be performed correctly.

The imaging principle of white light is explained. As mentioned above, a single polarized light diffraction grating will separate the image according to each wavelength due to the influence of wavelength dispersion during imaging. Therefore, in order to re-focus the separated light waves of each wavelength at the imaging position, two types of polarized light diffraction gratings with different grating periods are used. A schematic diagram of white polarized light imaging is shown in Figure 2.

FIG2 shows the configuration of the first polarization diffraction grating element PG1 and the second polarization diffraction grating element PG2 having a grating period different from the first polarization diffraction grating element in order from the unillustrated photographic object. First, the white light incident on the first polarization diffraction grating element PG1 is separated into left and right circularly polarized components and diffracted according to the diffraction angle of each wavelength. Here, as if the dispersed diffraction light is refocused at the camera position, it is incident on the second polarization diffraction grating element PG2 having a grating period shorter than PG1. The separated wavelengths can be refocused by the two diffraction gratings. However, since the refocusing point is close to the optical axis of the incident light, the images of the ±1st order light overlap, so the prism is used to control the propagation direction of the light wave in such a way that the ±1st order light does not overlap at the imaging position of the camera's light receiving part. This makes polarized imaging of white light sources possible.

FIG3 shows a more specific schematic diagram of the polarization imaging device of the present invention. FIG3 shows a lens, a first polarization diffraction grating element PG1, a second polarization diffraction grating element PG2 having a grating period different from that of the first polarization diffraction grating element, a prism, and a camera arranged in order from the imaging object. In addition, in order to cut off the 0th-order component of the light emitted from the first polarization diffraction grating element PG1, a shielding such as black aluminum foil may be implemented near the center of the optical axis of the second polarization diffraction grating element PG2.

First, the light reflected from the sample passes through the lens element and enters the first polarized diffraction grating element, where it is separated into left and right circularly polarized components and diffracted according to the diffraction angle of each wavelength. Here, the second polarized diffraction grating element with a shorter grating period than the first diffraction grating is configured in such a way that the dispersed diffraction light is re-collected at the camera position (lens imaging plane). At this time, by configuring the imaging position correction element such as a prism so that the diffraction light separated into ±1 order light does not overlap each other on the imaging plane, color imaging becomes possible.

The polarized light camera device of the present application may have components other than the above components as needed. As components other than the above components, there can be cited, for example, a lens group that replaces a lens, components necessary for a camera device such as a field of view aperture, etc., but it is not limited thereto.

The present invention provides a polarization camera device with a polarization diffraction grating element. "Polarization", which describes the nature of the deviation of the electric field vector trajectory of electromagnetic waves, is widely used as a characteristic of electromagnetic waves. If electromagnetic waves interact with matter (reflection, scattering, absorption, etc.), the polarization state of the electromagnetic waves changes, and the polarization change contains various information inherent to the matter. That is, by measuring the polarization characteristics of the subject, the inherent information of the matter can be investigated non-contact and non-destructively. The polarization camera device of this application can perform imaging measurement of the spatial distribution of the Stokes parameters (parameters describing the polarization state) of the scattered light from the subject through snapshots.

<Polarization diversion grating element> The polarization camera device of the present application has the first and second polarization diversion grating elements, specifically, polarization diversion grating elements whose optical anisotropy is periodically modulated. The principle of Stokes parameter measurement using the polarization grating diversion element is described below. The polarization state of electromagnetic waves can be represented by Stokes parameters ( _S0 , _S1 , _S2 , _S3 ) composed of four elements. Here, _S0 means: total light intensity, _S1 : the difference between the 0-degree linear polarization component and the 90-degree linear polarization component, _S2 : the difference between the 45-degree linear polarization component and the -45-degree linear polarization component, _S3 : the difference between the right-handed circular polarization component and the left-handed circular polarization component, and is called the Stokes parameter. If the amplitude ratio angle and phase difference between the 0-degree linear polarization component and the 90-degree linear polarization component are set to Ψ and Δ respectively, each Stokes parameter is defined by the following formula (1).

[Number 2]

Based on the intensity information of the light reflected, scattered, and penetrated from the photographed object, these four elements can be obtained to understand the polarization characteristics of the photographed object. The polarization imaging device of this application can also measure these Stokes parameters by imaging through three-time image acquisition. The principle of polarization detection of this device is based on the polarization diffraction grating element with periodic modulation of optical anisotropy. Before describing the device structure, the diffraction characteristics of the polarization diffraction grating produced by polarization holographic recording are described first.

Generally, polarization-sensitive recording materials record the direction of optical anisotropy and the magnitude of birefringence according to the polarization direction and polarization ellipse of the irradiated polarized light. It is now considered that two right circularly polarized lights and left circularly polarized lights of equal amplitude are given a certain crossing angle to interfere with each other, and the resulting photoelectric field is irradiated on the polarized recording material (in this application, unless otherwise specified, this situation is called OC interference (Orthogonal Circular Polarization interference). In this case, if it is assumed that the direction and magnitude of the induced anisotropy depend on the polarization direction and the light intensity, the Jones matrix representing the induced anisotropy distribution is expressed by the following equation (2). Here, Δγ=πΔnd/λ, Δn is the maximum value of the polarization-induced birefringence, d is the film thickness of the recording material, and λ is the wavelength of the diffracted light.

Furthermore, by expanding equation (2), the following equation (3) can be obtained, and from equation (3), the intensity of the diffracted light relative to the incident polarized light given by equation (4) can be obtained, and T ^OC _± represented by the following equation (5) can be obtained. However, it is known that the intensity of the diffracted light of the anisotropic grating formed by OC recording using OC interference depends on the phase difference of the incident light. For simplicity, this grating is referred to as OC grating below.

[Number 3]

As mentioned above, the polarization diffraction grating formed by recording the polarization hologram in the polarization recording material shows the diffraction characteristics that depend on the incident polarization state. Therefore, the polarization information of the incident light can be used as intensity information for spatial separation.

The polarization diversion grating is preferably a polarization diversion grating with good diversion efficiency of ±1st order light. For the OC grating, the ideal phase difference for the best diversion efficiency of ±1st order light can be obtained by the above formula (4). Specifically, for the OC grating, the diversion efficiency of more than 5%, that is, the phase difference (δ=2πΔnd/λ) is in the range of 0.448+2πm~5.82+2πm (m: natural number), preferably the diversion efficiency of more than 50%, that is, the phase difference (δ=2πΔnd/λ) is in the range of 1.57+2πm~4.71+2πm (m: natural number), and ideally the diversion efficiency of 100%, that is, the phase difference (δ=2πΔnd/λ) is in the range of 3.14+2πm (m: natural number).

The polarizing diversion grating element can be modulated as follows. That is, the polarizing diversion grating element preferably includes a polarizing diversion grating having a photoreactive polymer film having photoreactive side chains that produce at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. Furthermore, the polarizing diversion grating element preferably includes a polarizing diversion grating composed only of a photoreactive polymer film. In this case, since the diffraction efficiency of ±1-order light obtained from the diffraction pattern formed by the photoreactive polymer film must be good, the photoreactive polymer used in the photoreactive polymer film is preferably a polymer that can induce a larger phase difference through the desired polarization interference exposure, specifically, a polymer that can induce a phase difference within the above range.

The polarizing diffraction grating element preferably includes a polarizing diffraction grating having: I) a first transparent substrate layer; and II) a first photoreactive polymer film having a first photoreactive side chain that produces at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization.

Furthermore, the polarizing diverter grating element preferably includes a polarizing diverter grating having: III) a second transparent substrate layer; and IV) a second photoreactive polymer film having a second photoreactive side chain that produces at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization; The aforementioned II) first photoreactive polymer film and the aforementioned IV) second photoreactive polymer film are arranged opposite to each other, and a (B) low molecular liquid crystal layer is arranged between the aforementioned II) first film and the aforementioned IV) second film.

<<1st and 2nd transparent substrate layers>> The 1st and 2nd transparent substrate layers are made of a transparent substrate. As the transparent substrate, although it depends on the characteristics of use as a polarized light camera, for example, glass, acrylic or polycarbonate plastics, etc. can be used. For example, as a transparent substrate, it is preferable to have the characteristic of allowing polarized ultraviolet rays to pass through.

＜＜(B) Low-molecular liquid crystal layer＞＞ Here, the low-molecular liquid crystal contained in the (B) low-molecular liquid crystal layer may be a nematic liquid crystal or a ferroelectric liquid crystal that has been used in liquid crystal display devices. Specifically, examples of low-molecular liquid crystals include cyanobiphenyls such as 4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl and 4-cyano-4'-n-heptylbutoxybiphenyl; cholesterol esters such as cholesterol acetate and cholesterol benzoate; carbonates such as 4-carboxyphenyl ethyl carbonate and 4-carboxyphenyl n-butyl carbonate; phenyl esters such as phenyl benzoate and diphenyl phthalate; benzyl-2-naphthylamine; , 4'-n-butoxybenzylidene-4-acetylaniline and other Schiff bases; N,N'-bisbenzylidenebenzidine, p-dianisylbenzidine and other benzidines; 4,4'-azooxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-di-n-butoxyazooxybenzene and other azooxybenzenes; phenylcyclohexyl series, terphenyl series, phenylcyclohexyl series and other liquid crystals specifically shown below; etc., but not limited to them.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the desired polarized light be exposed to the above-mentioned photoreactive polymer film to form an arbitrary diffraction pattern on the polymer film, and that the information of the Stokes parameters of the light incident on the polymer film be spatially separated according to the anisotropic orientation and the distribution of birefringence formed by the polymer film, and a polarized diffraction grating be converted into intensity information.

<<Photoreactive polymer film>> The above-mentioned photoreactive polymer film is preferably formed by a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain that produces at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. In addition, the photoreactivity mentioned in this specification means any reaction that produces (A-1) photocrosslinking or (A-2) photoisomerization; and the properties of both reactions. The photoreactive polymer preferably has a side chain that produces (A-1) photocrosslinking reaction.

Photoreactive polymers are i) polymers that exhibit liquid crystal properties in a specific temperature range and have photoreactive side chains. Photoreactive polymers preferably ii) react to light in the wavelength range of 250nm~450nm and exhibit liquid crystal properties in the temperature range of 50~300℃. Photoreactive polymers preferably have iii) photoreactive side chains that react to light in the wavelength range of 250nm~450nm, especially polarized ultraviolet light. Photoreactive polymers preferably have iv) mesogen groups for exhibiting liquid crystal properties in the temperature range of 50~300℃.

The photoreactive polymer has a photoreactive side chain as described above. The structure of the side chain is not particularly limited, but has a structure that produces the reaction shown in (A-1) and/or (A-2) above, preferably has a structure that produces the (A-1) photocrosslinking reaction. The structure that produces the (A-1) photocrosslinking reaction is preferred from the viewpoint that the alignment of the photoreactive polymer can be stably maintained for a long time even when the structure after the reaction is exposed to external stress such as heat. The side chain structure of the photoreactive polymer is preferred because the liquid crystal alignment is stable when it has a rigid liquid crystal original component.

Examples of the mesogen component include, but are not limited to, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenylcyclohexyl, phenylbenzoate, and benzophenyl.

The main chain structure of the photoreactive polymer may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of free radical polymerizable groups such as alkyl, (meth)acrylate, itaconate, fumarate, maleate, α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, styrene, vinyl, maleimide, norbornene, and siloxane, but is not limited thereto. The side chain of the photoreactive polymer is preferably a side chain consisting of at least one of the following formulas (1) to (6).

In the formula, A, B, and D each independently represent a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; S is an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted by halogen groups; T is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the hydrogen atoms bonded thereto may be substituted by halogen groups; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2-6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents through a bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may be independently substituted by -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon numbers; Y ₂ is a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group consisting of the above groups, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the above groups may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or represents the same definition as Y ₁ ; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-, and when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different from each other; Cou represents coumarin-6-yl or coumarin-7-yl, and the hydrogen atom bonded thereto may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; q1 and q2 are one of 1 and the other of 0; q3 is 0 or 1; P and Q are each independently a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group formed by a combination thereof; however, when X is -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, the P or Q on the side to which -CH=CH- is bonded is an aromatic ring, and when the number of P is 2 or more, the Ps may be the same or different from each other, and when the number of Q is 2 or more, the Qs may be the same or different from each other; l1 is 0 or 1; l2 is an integer from 0 to 2; when both l1 and l2 are 0, when T is a single bond, A also represents a single bond; when l1 is 1, when T is a single bond, B also represents a single bond; H and I are each independently selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a combination thereof.

The side chain is preferably any photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (7) to (10).

In the formula, A, B, D, _Y1 , X, _Y2 and R have the same definitions as above; l represents an integer from 1 to 12; m represents an integer from 0 to 2, m1 and m2 represent integers from 1 to 3; n represents an integer from 0 to 12 (but when n=0, B is a single bond).

The side chain is preferably any photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (11) to (13).

In the formula, A, X, l, m, ml and R have the same definitions as above.

The side chain is preferably a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (14) or (15).

In the formula, A, Y ₁ , l, m1 and m2 have the same meanings as above.

The side chain is preferably a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (16) or (17).

In the formula, A, X, l and m have the same definitions as above.

The side chain is preferably a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (18) or (19).

(In the formula, A, B, _Y1 , and _R1 have the same definitions as above. q1 and q2 are 1 and 0 respectively; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, and m1 and m2 represent integers of 1 to 3).

The side chain is preferably a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (20).

In the formula, A, Y ₁ , X, l and m have the same meanings as above.

Furthermore, as a component forming the photoreactive polymer film, a polymer having any one liquid crystalline side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (21) to (31) may be used. For example, when the photoreactive side chain of the polymer forming the photoreactive polymer film does not have liquid crystal properties, or when the main chain of the polymer forming the photoreactive polymer film does not have liquid crystal properties, the component forming the photoreactive polymer film preferably has any one liquid crystalline side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (21) to (31).

wherein A, B, q1 and q2 have the same definitions as above; Y ₃ represents a group selected from a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthyl ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group formed by combinations thereof, and the hydrogen atom bonded to the above groups may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R ₃ represents a hydrogen atom, -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthyl ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, m represents an integer of 0 to 2, but in formulas (23) to (24), the total of all m is 2 or more, and in formulas (25) to (26), the total of all m is 1 or more, and m1, m2 and m3 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 3; R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom, -NO ₂ , -CN, a halogen group, a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group or an alkoxy group; Z ₁ and Z ₂ represent a single bond, -CO-, -CH ₂ O-, -CH=N-, or -CF ₂ -.

<<Method for preparing photoreactive polymer film>> The photoreactive polymer film can be obtained by polymerizing a photoreactive side chain monomer having the photoreactive side chain, and optionally by copolymerizing the photoreactive side chain monomer with a monomer having the liquid crystal side chain. For example, it can be prepared by referring to [0062] to [0090] of WO2017/061536 (the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application).

<Lens element> The polarized imaging device of the present invention has a lens element. The lens element has the function of imaging the light receiving element described later, but it is not particularly limited. <Imaging position correction element> The polarized imaging device of the present invention has an imaging position correction element. The imaging position correction element is not particularly limited if it has the function of correcting the position of imaging the light receiving element described later. As an imaging position correction element, for example, a prism (the angle of the prism can be appropriately changed according to each element used in the polarized imaging device of the present invention), a mirror, etc., but it is not limited to this. <Light receiving element> The polarized imaging device of the present invention has a light receiving element. The light receiving element is not particularly limited if it can obtain the intensity information of each RBG of each pixel.

By introducing an imaging unit (lens element, light receiving element, such as a light receiving element array), it is possible to perform imaging measurement instead of being limited to point measurement. Generally, when obtaining the Stokes parameter, the method of measuring the light intensity of the 0-degree linear polarization component, the 90-degree linear polarization component, the 45-degree linear polarization component, the -45-degree linear polarization component, the right-circular polarization component, and the left-circular polarization component in formula (1) is used, or Fourier analysis methods such as the rotation phase shift method are used. However, these methods require multiple measurements in principle, which is not conducive to the measurement of the subject whose state changes with time. In contrast, the polarization imaging device of the present invention can obtain the information necessary for the measurement of the Stokes parameter as intensity information by spatially separating the information, and can perform polarization imaging measurement by snapshot. Furthermore, by using the first and second liquid crystal delay devices with the desired delayed response speed, even a moving object can be measured. Furthermore, since a diffraction grating is included, expensive optical elements are not required, so it is cheap.

The polarization imaging value of the present invention can be applied to various fields because both moving and static objects can be measured in two dimensions. Examples include, but are not limited to, the medical field, the field of automatic driving technology for automobiles, and the field of security. Below, the present invention is specifically described using an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiment. [Example] <Production of polarization diffraction grating>

As the recording material, a photo-crosslinkable polymer liquid crystal (4-(4-methoxycinnamoyloxy)biphenyl side group (P6CB)) represented by the following formula is used. P6CB is dissolved in dichloromethane and spin-coated on a glass substrate to form a film with a thickness of 300nm. Two glass substrates coated with P6CB film are prepared, and the P6CB film sides are bonded face to face to form an empty unit with a gap of 9μm. The prepared empty unit is irradiated with an exposure energy of 600mJ/ ^cm2 while performing OC interference with an ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 325nm emitted from a He-Cd laser. After irradiation, it is heat-treated in an oven at 150°C for 15 minutes. After heat treatment, low molecular liquid crystal ZLI4792 (manufactured by MERCK) is injected into the unit to produce a unit-type OC grating. The diameter of the manufactured polarization diversion grating is 8mm. The obtained polarization diversion grating has the function of periodically modulating optical anisotropy, specifically, it has the function of spatially separating right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light in the ±1st order light direction.

<Production of polarizing imaging device> A polarizing imaging device was produced according to the schematic diagram of the polarizing imaging device shown in FIG3. Specifically, as shown in FIG3, the polarizing imaging device is configured with a lens, a first polarizing diffraction grating element PG1, a second polarizing diffraction grating element PG2, a prism, and a camera in order from the imaging object. A commercially available camera (α6000 manufactured by SONY) was used as a light receiving element. The grating periods of the first polarizing diffraction grating PG1 and the second polarizing diffraction grating PG2 were 27μm and 3μm, respectively. Furthermore, the angle of the prism was about 18˚.

<Imaging measurement> In this embodiment, a golden turtle showing selective reflection characteristics for circularly polarized light is used as the subject for imaging measurement. The photographed image, the image separated into RGB, and the spatial distribution of the Stokes parameter S3 calculated from these are shown in FIG4. The S3 spatial distribution of each image is calculated according to formula (1) using the pixel intensity information corresponding to RCP and LCP. The experimental results confirm that imaging can be performed without separation by wavelength. It is known that the wings of the golden turtle reflect more LCP than RCP, and the results of FIG4 are the same as those of the golden turtle. In addition, it is known that there is a difference in the S3 spatial distribution for each RGB component, and the above reflection characteristics are more significant at the wavelength around green. These experiments have proven that the S3 of each wavelength band can be calculated, albeit roughly, using this camera.

[Figure 1] shows a schematic diagram of the spatial distribution of the anisotropy of the polarization diffraction grating used in this application and its diffraction characteristics. [Figure 2] shows a schematic diagram of white polarization imaging. [Figure 3] shows a more specific schematic diagram of the polarization camera device of the present invention. [Figure 4] shows a photographic image of the result of imaging measurement using a golden turtle as the subject using the polarization camera device used in the embodiment, separated into RGB images and the spatial distribution of the Stokes parameter S3 calculated from them.

Claims (17)

A polarized light imaging device, which has a lens element, a first polarized light diversion grating element, a second polarized light diversion grating element having a grating period shorter than that of the first polarized light diversion grating element, and a light receiving element in order from the imaging object. As in claim 1, the polarized imaging device has an imaging position correction element which is closer to the light receiving element than the aforementioned second polarized diffraction grating element and closer to the imaging object than the light receiving element. As in the polarized imaging device of claim 2, wherein the imaging position correction element is a prism or a mirror. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second polarization diversion grating elements have polarization diversion gratings with a plurality of grating vectors with mutually different directions, and the grating vectors are at least anisotropic in orientation or birefringent and periodically modulated. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second polarization diversion grating elements have polarization diversion gratings that spatially separate the information of the Stokes parameters of the incident light according to the anisotropic orientation and the distribution of birefringence, and convert it into intensity information. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diffraction grating elements include polarizing diffraction gratings having a photoreactive polymer film having photoreactive side chains that produce at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diverter grating element comprises a polarizing diverter grating, which is composed only of a photoreactive polymer film having photoreactive side chains that produce at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. As in any one of claims 1 to 3, the first and/or second polarizing diverter grating elements include polarizing diverter gratings having: I) a first transparent substrate layer; and II) a first photoreactive polymer film having a first photoreactive side chain that generates at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization. The device of claim 8, wherein the first and/or second polarizing diverting grating element comprises a polarizing diverting grating having III) a second transparent substrate layer; and IV) a second photoreactive polymer film having a second photoreactive side chain that generates at least one reaction selected from the group consisting of (A-1) photocrosslinking and (A-2) photoisomerization; the first photoreactive polymer film II) and the second photoreactive polymer film IV) are arranged opposite to each other, and a (B) low molecular liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first film II) and the second film IV). As in the device of claim 6, wherein the polarized light required for interference exposure of the aforementioned photoreactive polymer film is used to form an arbitrary diffraction pattern on the polymer film, thereby forming a polarized diffraction grating, and the polarized diffraction grating spatially separates the information of the Stokes parameters of the light incident on the polymer film according to the anisotropic orientation and birefringence distribution formed on the polymer film and converts it into intensity information. The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) to (6):

(wherein, A, B, and D each independently represent a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; S is an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms bonded to which may be substituted by a halogen group; T is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the hydrogen atoms bonded to which may be substituted by a halogen group; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2-6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents through a bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may be independently substituted by -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon numbers or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon numbers; Y ₂ is a divalent benzene ring, a naphthyl ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group consisting of the above; the hydrogen atoms bonded to the above may be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R represents a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or represents a cyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms; ₁ has the same definition; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-, and when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different; Cou represents coumarin-6-yl or coumarin-7-yl, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to them may be independently -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; q1 and q2 are 1 and 0 respectively; q3 is 0 or 1; P and Q are each independently a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthyl ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a combination thereof; however, when X is -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-, -CH=CH- P or Q on the bonding side is an aromatic ring; when the number of P is 2 or more, P may be the same or different from each other; when the number of Q is 2 or more, Q may be the same or different from each other; l1 is 0 or 1; l2 is an integer from 0 to 2; when l1 and l2 are both 0, when T is a single bond, A also represents a single bond; when l1 is 1, when T is a single bond, B also represents a single bond; H and I are each independently selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a combination thereof). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (7) to (10):

(wherein, A, B, and D each independently represent a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; _Y1 represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may each independently be _-COOR0 (wherein, _R0 represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), _-NO2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-, when the number of X is 2, X may be the same or different; l represents an integer of 1 to 12; m represents an integer of 0 to 2, and m1 and m2 represent integers of 1 to 3; n represents an integer of 0 to 12 (but when n=0, B is a single bond); _Y2 is a group selected from a divalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, an alicyclic hydrocarbon having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, and a group formed by combining these groups, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to these groups may each be independently substituted by -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R represents hydroxyl, alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or has the same definition as Y ₁ ). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photoreactive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formulas (11) to (13):

(wherein A independently represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-. When the number of X is 2, X can be mutually The same or different groups may be selected; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, m represents an integer of 0 to 2, and m1 represents an integer of 1 to 3; R represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a carbon number 5 to 8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may be independently substituted by -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon numbers), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon numbers, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon numbers, or R represents a hydroxyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon numbers). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (14) or (15):

(wherein A independently represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents can be independently -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; l represents an integer from 1 to 12, and m1 and m2 represent integers from 1 to 3). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (16) or (17):

(wherein A represents a single bond, -O-, _-CH2- , -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; when the number of X is 2, X may be the same as or different from each other; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, and m represents an integer of 0 to 2). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having any one photosensitive side chain selected from the group consisting of the following formula (18) or (19):

(wherein, A and B independently represent a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring, and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents may independently be -COOR ₀ (wherein, R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; q1 and q2 are 1 and 0 respectively; l represents an integer of 1 to 12, m1 and m2 represent integers of 1 to 3; _R1 represents a hydrogen atom, _-NO2 , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms). The device of claim 6, wherein the photoreactive polymer film comprises a photoreactive polymer having a photoreactive side chain represented by the following formula (20):

(wherein A represents a single bond, -O-, -CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CONH-, -NH-CO-, -CH=CH-CO-O- or -O-CO-CH=CH-; Y ₁ represents a monovalent benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a furan ring, a pyrrole ring and a carbon number 5-8 alicyclic hydrocarbon ring, or a group formed by 2 to 6 identical or different rings selected from the substituents bonded to the bonding group B, and the hydrogen atoms bonded to the substituents can be independently -COOR ₀ (wherein R ₀ represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1-5 alkyl group), -NO ₂ , -CN, -CH=C(CN) ₂ , -CH=CH-CN, a halogen group, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; X represents a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, or -O-CO-CH=CH-; when the number of X is 2, X may be the same as or different from each other; l represents an integer from 1 to 12, and m represents an integer from 0 to 2).